Servlet也是一个普通的Java类,所以其一样具有生命周期。
Servlet从生成到销毁必须经过如下几个步骤:
1、生成Servlet,加载到Servlet Engine中,并通过调用其init()方法来进行初始化;
2、通过提供的响应方法来处理客户端的请求;
3、调用destroy()方法进行销毁,并通过垃圾收集器进行收集清理。
演示Servlet生命周期的示例:
新建Servlet01.java:
package web_project;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class Servlet01 extends HttpServlet{
//init方法
public void init() throws ServletException{
System.out.println("Servlet初始化,生命周期开始");
}
//doGet方法
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException,IOException{
//获得输出流out
PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
//输出到网页上
out.println("This is my first Servlet Application!");
System.out.println("doGet执行");
}
//destory方法
public void destory(){
System.out.println("Servlet销毁,生命周期结束!");
}
}
配置web.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Servlet01</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>web_project.Servlet01</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Servlet01</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/Servlet01</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>