pcie Error Signaling and Logging

1. Abbreviations: RC = Root Complex Sw = Switch (only used with “Link” routing) Ep = Endpoint Br = PCI Express (primary) to PCI/PCI-X (secondary) Bridge r =
   Supports as Receiver t = Supports as Transmitter

   特别注意方向：1. error message rc只能接受，ep只能发送

2. 本节介绍的错误是组件内发生的与PCI Express接口相关的错误，不包含组件内发生的与PCI Express接口无关的错误，比如不包含内存错误
3. PCI Express defines two error reporting paradigms: baseline capability and Advanced Error Reporting (AER) capability.AER功能是可选的，但如果AER未在PF中实现，则不得在其相关的VF中实现。
4. PCI Express errors can be classified as two types: Uncorrectable errors and Correctable errors.Uncorrectable errors can further be classified as Fatal or Non-Fatal 
5. Error Logging 
   1. There are three complementary mechanisms which allow the agent detecting an error to alert the system or another
      device that an error has occurred. The first mechanism is through a Completion Status, the second method is with
      in-band error Messages, and the third is with Error Forwarding (also known as data poisoning).
   2. Error Messages are sent to the Root Complex for reporting the detection of errors according to the severity of the error.
   3. 当检测到多个严重程度相同的错误时，相同请求者ID的相同严重程度错误消息可以合并为一个。对于每个严重级别的检测到的错误，必须至少发送一条错误消息。
   4. the Uncorrectable Error Severity register allows each uncorrectable error to be programmed to Fatal or Non-Fatal. Baseline error handling does not support severity programming.
   5. 对于实