SpringMVC视图View解析源码分析

1.概述

视图解析是SpringMVC响应HTTP请求的最后一步，即将handler处理结果转换为对应的视图返回给客户端，而所谓的视图可以是模板，如freemarker，也可以是HTML或者JSP等。本文主要剖析视图解析的时机，有哪些视图解析器，重点介绍一两个解析器。

2.视图解析的时机

这里直接抛出答案：在统一异常处理结束后进行视图解析（因为异常处理handler也可能返回视图）。关于统一异常处理，见: SpringMVC统一异常处理源码解析.
下面直接看代码，在DispatcherServlet中，获取到handler的返回结果后交给processDispatchResult方法来处理，而在这个方法里面包含两个逻辑：1.异常处理 2.视图处理

	private void processDispatchResult(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
			@Nullable HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler, @Nullable ModelAndView mv,
			@Nullable Exception exception) throws Exception {
   

		boolean errorView = false;
        //1.异常处理
		if (exception != null) {
   
			if (exception instanceof ModelAndViewDefiningException) {
   
				logger.debug("ModelAndViewDefiningException encountered", exception);
				mv = ((ModelAndViewDefiningException) exception).getModelAndView();
			}
			else {
   
				Object handler = (mappedHandler != null ? mappedHandler.getHandler() : null);
				mv = processHandlerException(request, response, handler, exception);
				errorView = (mv != null);
			}
		}

		// 2.视图处理
		if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) {
   
			render(mv, request, response);
			if (errorView) {
   
				WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request);
			}
		}
		else {
   
			//-- 日志 --
		}
        //异步请求的开始
		if (WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
   
			// Concurrent handling started during a forward
			return;
		}
        //handler处理完成回调
		if (mappedHandler != null) {
   
			// Exception (if any) is already handled..
			mappedHandler.triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
		}
	}

可以看到render方法是处理视图的核心，接下来看render方法的实现。

	protected void render(ModelAndView mv, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
   
		// Determine locale for request and apply it to the response.
		Locale locale =
				(this.localeResolver != null ? this.localeResolver.resolveLocale(request) : request.getLocale());
		response.setLocale(locale);

		View view;
		//获取视图名称
		String viewName = mv.getViewName();
		if (viewName != null) {
   
			//通过视图名称找到视图并转换为View对象
			view = resolveViewName(viewName, mv.getModelInternal(), locale, request);
			if (view == null) {
    //找不到视图报错
				throw new ServletException("Could not resolve view with name '" + mv.getViewName() +
						"' in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
			}
		}
		else {
    //如果handler方法返回里面没有视图名称，则尝试直接获取view对象，如果没有则报错
			view = mv.getView();
			if (view == null) {
   
				throw new ServletException("ModelAndView [" + mv + "] neither contains a view name nor a " +
						"View object in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
			}
		}
		//-- 省略日志 ----
		try {
   
		    //设置resp状态
			if (mv.getStatus() != null) {
   
				response.setStatus(mv.getStatus().value());
			}
			view.render(mv.getModelInternal(), request, response);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
   
		//---日志------
			throw ex;
		}
	}