Python文件操作

一、读取文件

1.读取整个文件

with open('test.txt') as file_object: # 使用with关键字后，不需要手动关闭文件
    contents = file_object.read()
    print(contents)

Hello,world!
I'm a robot.
Who are you?

2.文件路径

• 
  
• 在Linux和OS X中，文件路径的写法
  

with open('text_files/filename.txt') as file_object:

• 在Windows中，文件路径的写法
  with open('text_files\filename.txt') as file_object:

3.逐行读取

with open('test.txt') as file_object:
    for line in file_object:
        print("-"+line)

-Hello,world!

-I'm a robot.

-Who are you?

4.创建一个包含文件各行内容的列表

# 使用关键字with时，open()返回的文件对象只在with代码块内可用。
# 如果要在with代码块外访问文件的内容，可在with代码块将文件的各行存储在一个列表中，
# 并在with代码块外使用该列表
with open('test.txt') as file_object:
    lines = file_object.readlines()

for line in lines:
    print("-"+line)

-Hello,world!

-I'm a robot.

-Who are you?

二、写入文件

1.写入空文件

with open('write_test.txt','w') as file_object:
    file_object.write('I love python.')

2.写入多行

with open('write_test.txt','w') as file_object:
    file_object.write('I love python.\n')
    file_object.write('I love coding.\n')

3.追加到文件

with open('write_test.txt','a') as file_object:
    file_object.write("But I am a AI.\n")