在mac上使用vscode创建第一个C++项目

准备工作：

• 安装好vscode
• 安装插件『C/C++』

正式开始：

首先是创建一个空的文件夹（比如文件夹为test），然后在其中新建一个.cpp文件（比如文件为hello.cpp）打开vscode打开test文件夹作为工作目录，接下来用三步配置好C++开发环境

第一步：

[⇧⌘P]打开命令模式，选择[C/Cpp: Edit Configurations(JSON)]命令，回车后会自动生成一个.vscode目录，目录下有一个c_cpp_properties.json文件，下面给出我的文件示例：

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Mac",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include/c++/v1",
                "/usr/local/include",
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/11.0.0/include",
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "macFrameworkPath": [
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks",
                "/System/Library/Frameworks",
                "/Library/Frameworks"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/clang",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

第二步：

[⇧⌘P]打开命令模式，选择[Tasks: Configure Task]命令，选择的模板为MSBuild，回车后会自动在.vscode目录下生成一个tasks.json文件，下面给出我的文件示例：

{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build c++",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "g++",
            "args": [
                "${file}",
                "-std=c++17",
                "-g",
                "-Wall",
                "-lm",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out"
            ],
            "group": "build",
            "presentation": {
                "reveal": "silent",
                "panel": "shared",
                "echo": true,
                "focus": false,
                "showReuseMessage": true,
                "clear": false
            },
            "problemMatcher": "$gcc"
        },
        {
            "label": "run c++",
            "type": "shell",
            "dependsOn": "build c++",
            "command": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out",
            "presentation": {
                "focus": true
            },
            "group": "test"
        }
    ]
}

第三步：

[⇧⌘P]打开命令模式，选择[Debug: Open launch.json]命令，选择的模板为C/C++，回车后会自动在.vscode目录下生成一个launch.json文件，下面给出我的文件示例：

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "c/c++ Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "lldb",
            "preLaunchTask": "build c++",
            "logging": {
                "trace": true,
                "traceResponse": true,
                "engineLogging": true
            }
        }
    ]
}

完成这三步C++开发环境就配置好了，接下来就可以编译，运行，调试C++程序了

[⇧⌘B]是编译程序，[⇧⌘R]是运行程序，如果安装了插件『Code Runner』可以直接运行程序

如果需要调试，那就按F5，进入调试模式即可

好了，这样就可以顺利地在vscode上进行C++开发啦，赶快行动起来吧~