什么是云计算？

 什么是云计算？

    根据NIST（National Institute of Standards and Technology）的定义，云计算[1]是：

     Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, stroage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloud model promotes availability and is composed of five essentialcharacteristics, three service models, and fourdeployment models.

    五个核心特点是： On-demand self-service, Broad network access, Resource pooling, Rapid elasticity, Measured Service
    三个服务模型是： Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS), Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS), Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
    四个部署模型是： Private cloud, Community cloud, Public cloud, Hybrid cloud

    可以用图[2]来简单表示一下：

这里有两点要注意：

    第一，Cloud computing is still an evolving paradigm. Its definitions, use cases, underlying technologies, issues, risks, and benefits will be refined and better understood with a spirited debate by the public and private sectors. This definition, its attributes, characteristics, and underlying rationale will evolve over time.

    第二，The cloud computing industry represents a large ecosystem of many models, vendors, and market niches. This definition attempts to encompass all of the various cloud approaches.