与人讨论匿名内部类的构造方法问题,自己写代码看看原理到底是什么样子的。因为类是匿名的,所以就无从创建一个同名的构造方法了。但是可以直接调用父类的构造方法。测试代码如下:
- package testtest;
- public class Main {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- InnerTest inner = new InnerTest();
- Test t = inner.get(3);
- System.out.println(t.getI());
- }
- }
- class Test {
- private int i;
- public Test(int i) {
- this.i = i;
- }
- public int getI() {
- return i;
- }
- }
- class InnerTest {
- public Test get(int x) {
- return new Test(x) {
- @Override
- public int getI() {
- return super.getI() * 10;
- }
- };
- }
- }
package testtest;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
InnerTest inner = new InnerTest();
Test t = inner.get(3);
System.out.println(t.getI());
}
}
class Test {
private int i;
public Test(int i) {
this.i = i;
}
public int getI() {
return i;
}
}
class InnerTest {
public Test get(int x) {
return new Test(x) {
@Override
public int getI() {
return super.getI() * 10;
}
};
}
}
编译之后得到4个class文件:Test.class,InnerTest.class,InnerTest$1.class以及Main.class。容易看出来,Main.class是测试类的class文件,Test.class是超类Test的class文件,InnerTest.class是InnerTest 的class文件,最值得关注的就是匿名内部类的class文件InnerTest$1.class。
首先javap -c InnerTest$1
- Compiled from "Main.java"
- class testtest.InnerTest$1 extends testtest.Test{
- final testtest.InnerTest this$0;
- testtest.InnerTest$1(testtest.InnerTest, int);
- Code:
- 0: aload_0
- 1: aload_1
- 2: putfield #1; //Field this$0:Ltesttest/InnerTest;
- 5: aload_0
- 6: iload_2
- 7: invokespecial #2; //Method testtest/Test."<init>〈init〉":(I)V
- 10: return
- public int getI();
- Code:
- 0: aload_0
- 1: invokespecial #3; //Method testtest/Test.getI:()I
- 4: bipush 10
- 6: imul
- 7: ireturn
- }
- </init>
Compiled from "Main.java"
class testtest.InnerTest$1 extends testtest.Test{
final testtest.InnerTest this$0;
testtest.InnerTest$1(testtest.InnerTest, int);
Code:
0: aload_0
1: aload_1
2: putfield #1; //Field this$0:Ltesttest/InnerTest;
5: aload_0
6: iload_2
7: invokespecial #2; //Method testtest/Test."<init>〈init〉":(I)V
10: return
public int getI();
Code:
0: aload_0
1: invokespecial #3; //Method testtest/Test.getI:()I
4: bipush 10
6: imul
7: ireturn
}
</init>
很明显,虽然我们看来是匿名内部类,但编译的时候给这个类指定了名字
InnerTest$1,而且看出来是继承自Test:
- class testtest.InnerTest$1 extends testtest.Test
class testtest.InnerTest$1 extends testtest.Test
而且在这个类有构造方法:
- testtest.InnerTest$1(testtest.InnerTest, int);
testtest.InnerTest$1(testtest.InnerTest, int);
这里也很容易理解,两个参数,一个是匿名内部类的外部类引用直接传了进来,这也是我们能在内部类中直接访问外部类成员的实现原理。另外一个就是int类型的参数了。也就是说其实编译器自动的给我们添加了带参数的构造方法。继续往下看:
7: invokespecial #2; //Method testtest/Test."<init>":(I)V
这就是调用父类的构造方法了 。
接下来 ,我们 只要看 InnerTest中 get方法 的 实现就可以了 :
- Compiled from "Main.java"
- class testtest.InnerTest extends java.lang.Object{
- testtest.InnerTest();
- Code:
- 0: aload_0
- 1: invokespecial #1; //Method java/lang/Object."<init>〈init〉":()V
- 4: return
- public testtest.Test get(int);
- Code:
- 0: new #2; //class testtest/InnerTest$1
- 3: dup
- 4: aload_0
- 5: iload_1
- 6: invokespecial #3; //Method testtest/InnerTest$1."<init>〈init〉":(Ltesttest/InnerTest;I)V
- 9: areturn
- }
- </init></init><PRE></PRE>
Compiled from "Main.java" class testtest.InnerTest extends java.lang.Object{ testtest.InnerTest(); Code: 0: aload_0 1: invokespecial #1; //Method java/lang/Object."<init>〈init〉":()V 4: return public testtest.Test get(int); Code: 0: new #2; //class testtest/InnerTest$1 3: dup 4: aload_0 5: iload_1 6: invokespecial #3; //Method testtest/InnerTest$1."<init>〈init〉":(Ltesttest/InnerTest;I)V 9: areturn } </init></init>
到这里一切都清楚了,InnerTest中对待匿名内部类和对待普通类一样,
先是
- 0: new #2; //class testtest/InnerTest$1
0: new #2; //class testtest/InnerTest$1
然后调用其构造方法:
- 6: invokespecial #3; //Method testtest/InnerTest$1."〈init〉":(Ltesttest/InnerTest;I)V<PRE></PRE>
6: invokespecial #3; //Method testtest/InnerTest$1."〈init〉":(Ltesttest/InnerTest;I)V
<init></init><init>OK,一切都清楚了 。<br></init>