#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int x; // Global x
int main()
{
int x = 10; // Local x
cout << "Value of global x is " << ::x;
cout << "\nValue of local x is " << x;
return 0;
}
2: 在类之外定义函数
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
// Only declaration
void fun();
};
// Definition outside class using ::
void A::fun()
{
cout << "fun() called";
}
int main()
{
A a;
a.fun();
return 0;
}
3:访问一个类的静态变量
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Test
{
static int x;
public:
static int y;
// Local parameter 'a' hides class member
// 'a', but we can access it using ::
void func(int x)
{
// We can access class's static variable
// even if there is a local variable
cout << "Value of static x is " << Test::x;
cout << "\nValue of local x is " << x;
}
};
// In C++, static members must be explicitly defined
// like this
int Test::x = 1;
int Test::y = 2;
int main()
{
Test obj;
int x = 3 ;
obj.func(x);
cout << "\nTest::y = " << Test::y;
return 0;
}
4: 如果有多个继承, 使用作用域运算符进行区分
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
protected:
int x;
public:
A() { x = 10; }
};
class B
{
protected:
int x;
public:
B() { x = 20; }
};
class C: public A, public B
{
public:
void fun()
{
cout << "A's x is " << A::x;
cout << "\nB's x is " << B::x;
}
};
int main()
{
C c;
c.fun();
return 0;
}
5: 使用嵌套类使用作用域运算符来引用嵌套的类
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class outside
{
public:
int x;
class inside
{
public:
int x;
static int y;
int foo();
};
};
int outside::inside::y = 5;
int main(){
outside A;
outside::inside B;
}