JPA之JPA中的双向一对一关联

如果要搭建JPA开发环境，请从JPA第一篇博客看起。

这里以员工和员工工号举例，讲解一对一的配置。

1、员工类Staff中的代码

package cn.sunft.bean;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;

/**
 * 员工
 */
@Entity
public class Staff {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private IDCard idCard;

	public Staff() {
		super();
	}

	public Staff(String name) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
	}

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	@Column(length = 10, nullable = false)
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	@OneToOne(optional = false, cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
	@JoinColumn(name = "idcard_id")	// 指定外键名称
	public IDCard getIdCard() {
		return idCard;
	}

	public void setIdCard(IDCard idCard) {
		this.idCard = idCard;
	}

}

2、员工工号类IDCard中的代码

package cn.sunft.bean;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;

/**
 * 员工工号
 */
@Entity
public class IDCard {
	private Integer id;
	private String cardno;
	private Staff staff;

	public IDCard() {
		super();
	}

	public IDCard(String cardno) {
		super();
		this.cardno = cardno;
	}

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	@Column(length = 16, nullable = false)
	public String getCardno() {
		return cardno;
	}

	public void setCardno(String cardno) {
		this.cardno = cardno;
	}

	/**
	 * mappedBy:含有该属性的类是关系的被维护端
	 * 因为在维护关系的实体中已经指定了外键,
	 * 因此这里可以省略optional = false
	 * @return
	 */
	@OneToOne(mappedBy = "idCard", cascade = { CascadeType.PERSIST,
			CascadeType.MERGE, CascadeType.REFRESH })
	public Staff getStaff() {
		return staff;
	}

	public void setStaff(Staff staff) {
		this.staff = staff;
	}

}

3、测试类中的代码

package junit.test;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import org.junit.Test;

import cn.sunft.bean.IDCard;
import cn.sunft.bean.Staff;

/**
 * 测试JPA中的一对一操作
 */
public class OneToOneTest {

	@Test
	public void save() {
		EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence
				.createEntityManagerFactory("sunft_first");
		EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
		em.getTransaction().begin();
		Staff staff = new Staff("老张");
		staff.setIdCard(new IDCard("1234512345"));
		// Staff维护关系,因此会级联保存IDCard
		em.persist(staff);
		em.getTransaction().commit();
		em.close();
		factory.close();
	}

}