设计模式（十五）策略模式

一.定义与类型

1.定义：定义了算法家族，分别封装起来，让它们之间可以互相替换，此模式让算法的变化不会影响到使用算法的用户

2.类型：行为型

二.适用场景

1.系统有很多类，而他们的区别仅仅在于他们的行为不同

2.一个系统需要动态地在几种算法中选择一种

三.优点

1.开闭原则

2.避免使用多重条件转移语句

3.提高算法的保密性和安全性

四.缺点

1.客户端必须知道所有的策略类，并自行决定使用哪一个策略类

2.产生很多策略类

五.UML类图

六.代码

PromotionStrategy.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.strategy;

public interface PromotionStrategy {
    void doPromotion();
}

FanXianPromotionStrategy.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.strategy;

public class FanXianPromotionStrategy implements PromotionStrategy {
    public void doPromotion() {
        System.out.println("返现促销，返回的金额存放到慕课网用户的余额中");
    }
}

ManJianPromotionStrategy.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.strategy;

public class ManJianPromotionStrategy implements PromotionStrategy {
    public void doPromotion() {
        System.out.println("满减促销，满200减20元");
    }
}

LiJianPromotionStrategy.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.strategy;

public class LiJianPromotionStrategy implements PromotionStrategy {
    public void doPromotion() {
        System.out.println("立减促销，课程的价格直接减去配置的价格");
    }
}

EmptyPromotionStrategy.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.strategy;

public class EmptyPromotionStrategy implements PromotionStrategy {
    public void doPromotion() {
        System.out.println("无促销活动");
    }
}

PromotionActivity.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.strategy;

public class PromotionActivity {
    private PromotionStrategy promotionStrategy;

    public PromotionActivity(PromotionStrategy promotionStrategy) {
        this.promotionStrategy = promotionStrategy;
    }

    public void excutePromotionStrategy(){
        promotionStrategy.doPromotion();
    }
}

PromotionStrategyFactory.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.strategy;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

//结合工厂类
public class PromotionStrategyFactory {
    private static Map<String, PromotionStrategy> PROMOTION_STRATEGY_MAP = new HashMap<String, PromotionStrategy>();
    private static final PromotionStrategy NON_PROMOTION = new EmptyPromotionStrategy();
    static {
        PROMOTION_STRATEGY_MAP.put(PromotionKey.LIJIAN, new LiJianPromotionStrategy());
        PROMOTION_STRATEGY_MAP.put(PromotionKey.FANXIAN, new FanXianPromotionStrategy());
        PROMOTION_STRATEGY_MAP.put(PromotionKey.MANJIAN, new ManJianPromotionStrategy());
    }

    private PromotionStrategyFactory() {
    }

    public static PromotionStrategy getPromotionStrategy(String promotionKey){
        PromotionStrategy promotionStrategy = PROMOTION_STRATEGY_MAP.get(promotionKey);
        return promotionStrategy == null ? NON_PROMOTION : promotionStrategy;
    }

    private interface PromotionKey{
        String LIJIAN = "LIJIAN";
        String FANXIAN = "FANXIAN";
        String MANJIAN = "MANJIAN";
    }
}

Test.java

package com.caomingyu.autotest.strategy;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String promotionKey = "LIJIAN";
        PromotionActivity promotionActivity = new PromotionActivity(PromotionStrategyFactory.getPromotionStrategy(promotionKey));
        promotionActivity.excutePromotionStrategy();
    }
}