FreeMarker

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-01 14:16:00 发布

小李飞刀8

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-01 14:16:00 发布

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分类专栏： spring 文章标签： freemarker spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/brushli/article/details/38358139

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1、FreeMarker简介

FreeMarker是一个用Java语言编写的模板引擎，它基于模板来生成文本输出。FreeMarker与Web容器无关，即在Web运行时，它并不知道Servlet或HTTP。它不仅可以用作表现层的实现技术，而且还可以用于生成XML，JSP或Java 等。

FreeMarker可应用于的动态页面的静态化，比如网站首页的静态化或者包含HTML页面的邮件。

2、FreeMarker常用标签

Java通过传入一个Map变量，FreeMarker标签再读取Map中的值

2.1 变量

变量variable：${name}

如果Map中有键值对{"name": "老马"}

那么就会输出：

变量variable：老马

2.2 if语句

判断If String: <#if name == "马云">马云
		<#elseif name == "马化腾"> 马化腾 
		<#else> name is not 马云  or 马化腾
	      </#if>
<!-- (age>17) 也可改成age > 17-->
判断If int: <#if (age>17)>age is larger then 17   
		<#elseif age < 17> age smaller than 17
		<#else>age is equal with 17
	  </#if>

2.3 遍历List

遍历List:  <#list names as name>
		 ${name}
	 </#list>

2.4 Map

读取Map中的值: ${map.name1},${map["name1"]}
遍历 Map keys: <#list map?keys as nameKey>
		${nameKey}:${map[nameKey]}
	     </#list> 
遍历 Map values: <#list map?values as value>
		${value}
	       </#list>

2.5 Object

Object: ${user.name}  ${user.age}

3、FreeMarker例子

3.1 模板文件test.ftl

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
  <title>FreeMarker Example</title>
</head>
<body>
变量variable：${name}
判断If String: <#if name == "马云">马云
			<#elseif name == "马化腾"> 马化腾 
			<#else> name is not 马云  or 马化腾
			</#if>
<!-- (age>17) 也可改成age > 17-->
判断If int: <#if (age>17)>age is larger then 17   
		<#elseif age < 17> age smaller than 17
		<#else>age is equal with 17
		</#if> 
遍历List:  <#list names as name>
		 ${name}
	   </#list>

读取Map中的值: ${map.name1},${map["name1"]}
遍历 Map keys: <#list map?keys as nameKey>
			${nameKey}:${map[nameKey]}
			</#list> 
遍历 Map values: <#list map?values as value>
			${value}
			</#list> 
Object: ${user.name}  ${user.age}
</body>
</html>

3.2 Java文件

package com.freemarker;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.DefaultObjectWrapper;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import freemarker.template.TemplateExceptionHandler;

public class Freemaker {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Freemaker().testFreeMaker();
	}
	
	public void testFreeMaker() {
		// 加载模板
		String dir = "E:\\workspace\\freemarker\\templates";
		Configuration config = new Configuration();
		try {
			config.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(new File(dir));

			// 设置对象包装器
			config.setObjectWrapper(new DefaultObjectWrapper());
			
			config.setLocale(Locale.CHINA);
			config.setEncoding(Locale.CHINA, "UTF-8");

			// 设置异常处理器
			config.setTemplateExceptionHandler(TemplateExceptionHandler.IGNORE_HANDLER);

			List<String> names = new ArrayList<String>();
			names.add("马云");
			names.add("马化腾");
			names.add("马尉华");
			
			Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
			map.put("name1", "马云");
			map.put("name2", "马化腾");
			map.put("name3", "马尉华");
			
			// 定义数据模型
			Map<String, Object> root = new HashMap<String, Object>();
			root.put("name", "马尉华");
			root.put("age", 18);
			root.put("names", names);
			root.put("map", map);
			root.put("user", new User("王健林", 62));

			// 通过freemaker解释模板,首先需要获得模板对象
			Template temp = config.getTemplate("test.ftl");

			// 定义模板输出到HTML文件
			PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(
					new FileWriter("E:\\workspace\\freemarker\\templates\\test.html")));

			// 模板解释
			temp.process(root, out);
			
			//输出到字符串
			StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();;
			temp.process(root, writer);
			System.out.println(writer.toString());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

3.3 程序运行结果

<html>
<head>
  <title>FreeMarker Example</title>
</head>
<body>
变量variable：马尉华
判断If String:  name is not 马云  or 马化腾
<!-- (age>17) 也可改成age > 17-->
判断If int: age is larger then 17   
		 
遍历List:  马云,马化腾,马尉华,
读取Map中的值: name1=马云
遍历 Map keys: name3:马尉华,name1:马云,name2:马化腾, 
遍历 Map values: 马尉华,马云,马化腾, 
Object: 王健林  62
</body>
</html>

4、FreeMarker整合Spring

4.1 Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
       default-lazy-init="true">
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"/>
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
	
	<bean id="freeMarkerConfigurer" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
	 <property name="templateLoaderPaths" value="/templates/" />
	 <property name="freemarkerSettings">
	  <props>
	   <prop key="template_update_delay">0</prop>
	   <prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop>
	   <prop key="locale">zh_CN</prop>
	   <prop key="date_format">yyyy-MM-dd</prop>  
       <prop key="time_format">HH:mm:ss</prop>  
       <prop key="datetime_format">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>  
	  </props>
	 </property>
	</bean>
       
</beans>

4.2 Spring Controller

package com.controller;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer;

import com.freemarker.User;

import freemarker.template.Template;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/freemarkerController")
public class FreemarkerController {

	@Autowired
	private FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer;
	
	@RequestMapping("/freemarker.do")
	public String getFreeMarkerString(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
		String realPath=request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");//获取web项目的路径
//		String path=this.getClass().getResource("/").getPath();//获取类的当前目录
		
		Template t = null;
		try {
			t = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate("test.ftl");
		} catch (IOException e1) {
			e1.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		List<String> names = new ArrayList<String>();
		names.add("马云");
		names.add("马化腾");
		names.add("马尉华");
		
		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		map.put("name1", "马云");
		map.put("name2", "马化腾");
		map.put("name3", "马尉华");
		
		// 定义数据模型
		Map<String, Object> root = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		root.put("name", "马尉华");
		root.put("age", 18);
		root.put("names", names);
		root.put("map", map);
		root.put("user", new User("王健林", 62));
		String result = null;
		try {
			result = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(t, root);
			System.out.println(result);
			String filePath = realPath + "\\templates\\test.html";
			File file = new File(filePath);
			if(!file.exists()){
				file.createNewFile();
			}
			
			// 定义模板输出到HTML文件
			Writer out = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(filePath),"UTF-8"));
            		t.process(root,out);
            		out.flush();
            		out.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (TemplateException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return "/templates/test.html";
	}
}

4.3 程序运行结果

4.4 程序下载地址

http://download.csdn.net/detail/brushli/7709671

小李飞刀8

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FreeMarker

FreeMarker是一个用Java语言编写的模板引擎，它基于模板来生成文本输出。FreeMarker与Web容器无关，即在Web运行时，它并不知道Servlet或H。它不仅可以用作表现层的实现技术，而且还可以用于生成XML，JSP或Java 等。
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