Python番外(0005): 字符串find()方法和index()方法的区别

众所周知，字符串的find()和index()都可以查询某个字符或者某段字符在字符串中的位置，那么这两者有什么区别吗？

先看看官方的函数注释：

• find()

find(...) method of builtins.str instance
    S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
    
    Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
    such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
    arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
    
    Return -1 on failure.

• index()

index(...) method of builtins.str instance
    S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
    
    Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
    such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
    arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
    
    Raises ValueError when the substring is not found.

对比之后发现，两个注释只有最后一行不同。如果要查询的字符在字符串中找不到，那么find()方法会返回-1，并不会报错，而index()会直接报错(ValueError)。因此，使用index()的时候，如果没有做错误处理，那么有可能会导致程序报错之后停止运行。