Android WebView的常用方法

     Android app打开H5页一般要实现如下需求：

1、打开指定url网页；

2、点击链接可以跳转到下一页，并更新标题；

3、按back键或左箭头可以返回上一页；

4、当webview显示的是第一级url时， 按返回键或左箭头关闭当前界面；

5、WebView如何传值给Android， 例如使用H5登录成功后返回姓名、token等等字段。

6、支持JavaScript， 支持显示JS对话框。

7、无网络时显示默认布局， 以提高用户体验。

8、避免WebView的内存泄漏。

不多说， 看下面代码如何实现上述功能。

参考布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:my="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@color/activity_main_bg"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <com.eloancn.borrower.common.widget.TitleView
        android:id="@+id/titleView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        my:titleText="H5" />

    <RelativeLayout
        android:id="@+id/rl_webViewContainer"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <!--在代码中添加webView防止内存泄露隐患-->

        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/neterror_tip"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:visibility="gone">

            <ImageView
                android:layout_marginTop="110dp"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:src="@drawable/not_found" />

        </LinearLayout>

    </RelativeLayout>
</LinearLayout>

示例代码：

public class CommonWebViewActivity extends Activity {
    private WebView mWebView;
    private TitleView mTitleView;
    private RelativeLayout mWebViewContainer;
    private String title;
    private String url;
    private LinearLayout neterrorLayout;
    private int mFlag;   //来源

    public static final int FLAG_SIGNATURE = 1;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_common_webview_main);
        initData();
        initView();
        setData();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        mWebView.setWebViewClient(null);
        mWebView.setWebChromeClient(null);
        mWebViewContainer.removeView(mWebView);
        mWebView.removeAllViews();
        mWebView.destroy();
    }

    private void initData() {
        url = getIntent().getStringExtra("url");
        title = getIntent().getStringExtra("title");
        mFlag = getIntent().getIntExtra("flag", 0);
    }

    private void initView() {
        mTitleView = (TitleView) findViewById(R.id.titleView);
        mWebViewContainer = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.rl_webViewContainer);
        neterrorLayout = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.neterror_tip);
        mWebView = new WebView(getApplicationContext());
        LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
                LinearLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LinearLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
        mWebViewContainer.addView(mWebView, layoutParams);

        WebSettings webSettings = mWebView.getSettings();
        //设置WebView属性，能够执行Javascript脚本
        webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
        //设置可以访问文件
        webSettings.setAllowFileAccess(true);
        //设置支持缩放
        webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(false);
        //允许js弹出窗口
        webSettings.setJavaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically(true);

        mTitleView.setLeftBtnClickListener(new TitleView.OnBtnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (mWebView.canGoBack()) {
                    mWebView.goBack();
                } else {
                    finish();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {
            if (mWebView.canGoBack()) {
                mWebView.goBack();
                return true;
            }
        }
        return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
    }

    private void setData() {
        mTitleView.setTitle(title);
        mWebView.loadUrl(url);

        mWebView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){
            @Override
            public boolean onJsAlert(WebView view, String url, final String message, final JsResult result) {
                //注意，WebView默认不会显示JavaScript的Alert，需要Android实现。
                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        //自定义美观的Dialog，仅仅是为了显示message
                       CustomDialog.Builder builder = new CustomDialog.Builder(CommonWebViewActivity.this);
                        builder.setTitle("提示");
                        builder.setMessage(message);
                        builder.setSingle("知道了", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                                dialogInterface.dismiss();
                            }
                        });
                        builder.create().show();
                    }
                });
                result.confirm();//这里必须调用，否则页面会阻塞造成假死
                return true;
            }

            @Override
            public void onReceivedTitle(final WebView view, final String title) {
                super.onReceivedTitle(view, title);
                if (FLAG_SIGNATURE == mFlag) {
                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            mTitleView.setTitle(title);
                        }
                    });
                }
            }
        });
        mWebView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() {
            @Override
            public WebResourceResponse shouldInterceptRequest(WebView view, WebResourceRequest request) {
                if (FLAG_SIGNATURE == mFlag) {
                    Log.d("brycegao", "shouldInterceptRequest url:" + request.getUrl().toString());
                    if (request.getUrl().toString().contains("wxd://getImage?tenderid=")) {
                        //可以通过url传值给Android， 即在url里放置想要的参数
                        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                setResult(RESULT_OK);
                                finish();
                            }
                        });
                    }

                }
                return super.shouldInterceptRequest(view, request);
            }

            @Override
            public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, WebResourceRequest request) {
                mWebView.loadUrl(url);
                return true;
            }

            @Override
            public void onReceivedError(WebView view, WebResourceRequest request, WebResourceError error) {
                super.onReceivedError(view, request, error);

                if (FLAG_SIGNATURE == mFlag
                        && request.getUrl().toString().contains("wxd://getImage?tenderid=")) {
                    //do nothing
                    mWebView.setVisibility(View.GONE);  //优化体验，避免显示错误信息
                } else {
                    //加载失败
                    neterrorLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    mWebView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                }
            }
        });

        neterrorLayout.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                mWebView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                neterrorLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                mWebView.loadUrl(url);
            }
        });
    }
}