Effective C++ 条款12:复制对象时勿忘其每一个成分
<textarea readonly="readonly" nam ="code" class="c++">
void logCall(const string& funcName);
class Customer{
public:
Customer(string b):name(b){}
Customer(const Customer& rhs);
Customer& operator = (const Customer& rhs);
string name;//将成员变量声明为public便于实验观察
};
void logCall(const string &funcName){
cout << "funcName = " << funcName << endl;
}
Customer::Customer(const Customer &rhs):name(rhs.name){
logCall("Customer copy constructor.");
}
Customer& Customer::operator = (const Customer& rhs){
logCall("Customer copy assignment operator.");
name = rhs.name;
return *this;
}
class PriorityCustomer:public Customer{
public:
PriorityCustomer(int a, string b):Customer(b),priority(a){}
PriorityCustomer(const PriorityCustomer& rhs);
PriorityCustomer& operator = (const PriorityCustomer& rhs);
int priority;//将成员变量声明为public便于实验观察
};
// 拷贝构造函数中 Customer(rhs) 编译器强制要求加上,在拷贝赋值函数中没有向基类传递信息,作为对比
PriorityCustomer::PriorityCustomer(const PriorityCustomer& rhs)
:Customer(rhs), priority(rhs.priority){
logCall("PriorityCustomer copy constructor.");
}
PriorityCustomer& PriorityCustomer::operator =(const PriorityCustomer& rhs){
logCall("PriorityCustomer assignment operator.");
priority = rhs.priority;
return *this;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
PriorityCustomer pc1(10,"Hello");
PriorityCustomer pc2(100,"World");
PriorityCustomer pc3(pc2);
pc1 = pc2;
cout<<"pc3.priority = "<<pc3.priority<<endl;
cout<<"pc3.name = "<<pc3.name<<endl;
cout<<"pc1.priority = "<<pc1.priority<<endl;
cout<<"pc1.name = "<<pc1.name<<endl;
return a.exec();
}
</textarea>
此时得到的结果是
可见拷贝构造函数复制了每一个成员,而拷贝赋值函数并没有全部复制。对拷贝赋值函数进行修改,加入基类的拷贝赋值函数:
<textarea readonly="readonly" nam ="code" class="c++">
PriorityCustomer& PriorityCustomer::operator =(const PriorityCustomer& rhs){
logCall("PriorityCustomer assignment operator.");
Customer::operator =(rhs);
priority = rhs.priority;
return *this;
}
</textarea>
最终得到的结果是