二分查找

程序包括查找第一个和最后一个出现的数字位置。

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int BinarySearch(vector<int> &num,int left,int right,int key){
    if(left > right)
        return -1;
    int mid = (left+right)/2;
    if(num[mid] == key)
        return mid;         //如果要找第一个或者最后一个出现的key，在这个if里再细分
    else if(num[mid] < key)
        return BinarySearch(num,mid+1,right,key);
    else
        return BinarySearch(num,left,mid-1,key);
    return -1;
}

//查找第一个出现的key
int BinarySearchFirst(vector<int> &num,int left,int right,int key){
    if(left > right)
        return -1;
    int mid = (left+right)/2;
    if(num[mid] == key){
        if(mid==left || num[mid-1]!=key)
            return mid;
        else
            return BinarySearch(num,left,mid-1,key);
    }

    else if(num[mid] < key)
        return BinarySearch(num,mid+1,right,key);
    else
        return BinarySearch(num,left,mid-1,key);
    return -1;
}

//查找最后一个出现的key
int BinarySearchLast(vector<int> &num,int left,int right,int key){
    if(left > right)
        return -1;
    int mid = (left+right)/2;
    if(num[mid] == key){
        if(mid==right || num[mid+1]!=key)
            return mid;
        else
            return BinarySearch(num,mid+1,right,key);
    }

    else if(num[mid] < key)
        return BinarySearch(num,mid+1,right,key);
    else
        return BinarySearch(num,left,mid-1,key);
    return -1;
}

int main(){
    int a[] = {1,1,2,3,4,5,5,5,7,8,12,15,16,23};
    vector<int> input(begin(a),end(a));
    int left = 0;
    int right = input.size()-1;
    int find = BinarySearch(input,left,right,5);
    int find1 = BinarySearchFirst(input,left,right,5);
    int find2 = BinarySearchLast(input,left,right,5);
    cout<<find<<endl;
    cout<<find1<<endl;
    cout<<find2<<endl;

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}