类C语言的 BNF(backus-Naur Form)文法

program -->   stmt* | {stmt*}

stmt -->   if-else | dowhile | whiledo   |for-stmt| assign

if-else -->   if (exp)   stmt   else   stmt  

dowhile   -->   do   stmt   while ( exp )

whiledo   -->   do   stmt   while ( exp )

for-stmt   -->   for ( exp, exp, exp )   stmt  

assign -->   id=exp

exp -->   [ factor ] op   factor | factor op [factor] | factor  

op -->   add | sub | mul | div | equ | grt | less | ge | le | ne

factor -->   exp | (exp) |   var | number | function