-avr系列的编译烧录调试方法
Galaxy2416
联系方式:sunxiao.gin@gmail.com
附件内容: 程序源码,Makefile模板,相关文档。
http://download.csdn.net/detail/galaxy_blue/4277134附件网址~
系列说明:LINUX下程序开发具有一定的成熟性,包括大部分的MCU,FPGA,DSP甚至PCB制图等都是可行的。本系列将针对AVR系列的MCU,而后的系列将会对Linux下的其他方面内容进行探讨。
本文环境如下:
OS系统:ubuntu 12.04(原为10.04最近升级了)
编译器 :avr-gcc
烧录软件 :avrdude
调试软件:avarice ,GDB和ddd (可视界面)
开发板:
1. xplain(xmega128a1)无法调试,只能烧录,因为官方没有公开其调试的协议。
2. Mega16开发板。
仿真器or烧录器:dragon和usbasp(使用较多)
程序编写:Vim(升级版的记事本,很好用,很推荐)
关于使用前的准备和说明
至于为什么要使用linux下开发avr,原因主要是因为比较有趣。其次便是win下的环境用起来其实并不是很方便。IAR是付费软件(但是的确好用),Avr-studio虽然是免费版,不过优缺点是太过庞大,并且是以vc2010为基础开发,这个也就算不上真正的免费了。至于win-avr其实蛮不错的。win下也可以搭建如下环境。
准备:
软件安装,软件安装建议使用ubuntu的软件中心,比较方便。需要avr-gcc,avrdude,avarice,gdb,ddd即可了。文本编辑什么都行。可以集成在codeblocks和eclipse里面。Codeblocks如此做用起来感觉不错,eclipse需要配置,但原理都是一样的。
对于命令行可以如下安装
- sudo apt-get install gcc-avrbinuilts-avr avr-libc
- sudo apt-get installvim
- sudo apt-get installavrdude
强烈建议顺便安上手册
- sudo apt-get installavrdude-doc
- sudo apt-get installavarice
- sudo apt-get installgdb
- sudo apt-get installddd
然后就都安装完毕了。下一步就可以开始了。
开始之前需要先写一个.c的程序
代码会在文章最后和附件里提出。这是一个很简单让一个led亮的程序。
之后介绍一个makefile的东西,此物是简化操作流程的一个东西。让敲好多行命令才能完成的只需简单的一句话就行了。附件里会包含一个makefile的模板,是winavr下模板改的可用版。具体的内容是如何实现的,可以翻阅官方makefile手册和百度,谷歌。
简单介绍Makefile里面的几个命令,有过经验可以无视
- AVRDUDE_PROGRAMMER = usbasp
- #dragon_jtag
- AVRDUDE_PORT = usb # programmer connected to serial device
- AVRDUDE_WRITE_FLASH = -Uflash:w:$(TARGET).hex
- AVRDUDE_FLAGS = -p $(MCU) -P$(AVRDUDE_PORT) -c $(AVRDUDE_PROGRAMMER)
- AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_NO_VERIFY)
- AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_VERBOSE)
- AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_ERASE_COUNTER)
上面这些都是定义变量,makefile里的
- program: $(TARGET).hex $(TARGET).eep
- $(AVRDUDE)$(AVRDUDE_FLAGS) $(AVRDUDE_WRITE_FLASH) $(AVRDUDE_WRITE_EEPROM)
当我们输入make program时就会执行上面这句之前的都不用关心了。翻译过来就变成了(如果叫main.hex)
- avrdude -P usb -p m16 -c usbasp -U flash:w:main.hex
就是说用usb下的usbasp烧录m16的flash,内容为main.hex
如果用dragon的话一般用jtag就是-c dragon_jtag。具体可以查看avrdude手册。
了解之后先打开终端,找到.c文件目录下。Makefile文件放在同一目录下
根据需要更改其内容
输入make
便会输出一些信息,最后会有提示编译成功
之后就可以烧录了
烧录之前看一下烧录器是否在
输入lsusb
显然,usbasp存在。那么输入sudo make program
会在很快的时间内烧录成功,比win快的多。最后提示你烧录成功
至于debug,usbasp没有这个功能。需要用dragon的jtag。
住:Debug其实不是很推荐使用,虽然比较高效,建议利用串口的信息输入输出(以后会介绍),这是因为在进入系统的嵌入后,常规的debug经常会无法使用。
实际的命令会是
- avarice -g -j usb --erase --program --filemain.hex :4242
不过如果makefile里已经写好的话直接输入sudo make debug就可以了
下面为命令的结果
现在属于等待GDB,可视化的话就是DDD的状态中了
比如在gdb.conf中添加
file main.elf
target remotelocalhost:4242
启动DDD
ddd–-debugger “avr-gdb -x gdb.conf”
也可以手起动,然后配置,ui界面比较友好。
还有一句话。makefile里面已经把上步骤都做好了~当然会根据需求要求更改的。尤其是debug的时候。
总结:本文所说有些简略了,Linux开发的困难主要在于搭建环境,因此需要多看一下相关的官方手册。
测试代码:
main.c
- // avr-gcc application builder : 2011-11-1
- // Target : M16
- // Crystal: 12.000Mhz
- #include <avr/io.h>
- #include <util/delay.h>
- #define SET(a,b) a|(1<<b)
- #define CLR(a,b) a &~(1<<b)
- void port_init(void)
- {
- DDRA = 0xff;//将PA0定义为输出
- PORTA = 0xff;
- PORTB = 0x00;
- DDRB = 0x00;
- PORTC = 0x00; //m103 output only
- DDRC = 0x00;
- PORTD = 0x00;
- DDRD = 0x00;
- }
- //call this routine to initialize all peripherals
- void init_devices(void)
- {
- //stop errant interrupts until set up
- //CLI(); //disable all interrupts
- port_init();
- MCUCR = 0x00;
- GICR = 0x00;
- TIMSK = 0x00; //timer interrupt sources
- // SEI(); //re-enable interrupts
- //all peripherals are now initialized
- }
- //
- void main(void)
- {
- init_devices();
- //insert your functional code here...
- PORTA = CLR(PORTA,3);
- while(1); //程序挂起
- }
Makefile:
- # Hey Emacs, this is a -*- makefile -*-
- #----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # WinAVR Makefile Template written by Eric B. Weddington, Jörg Wunsch, et al.
- # Linux GCC using is changed by Galaxy2416
- # Released to the Public Domain
- #
- # Additional material for this makefile was written by:
- # Peter Fleury
- # Tim Henigan
- # Colin O'Flynn
- # Reiner Patommel
- # Markus Pfaff
- # Sander Pool
- # Frederik Rouleau
- # Carlos Lamas
- #
- #----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # On command line:
- #
- # make all = Make software.
- #
- # make clean = Clean out built project files.
- #
- # make coff = Convert ELF to AVR COFF.
- #
- # make extcoff = Convert ELF to AVR Extended COFF.
- #
- # make program = Download the hex file to the device, using avrdude.
- # Please customize the avrdude settings below first!
- #
- # make debug = Start either simulavr or avarice as specified for debugging,
- # with avr-gdb or avr-insight as the front end for debugging.
- #
- # make filename.s = Just compile filename.c into the assembler code only.
- #
- # make filename.i = Create a preprocessed source file for use in submitting
- # bug reports to the GCC project.
- #
- # To rebuild project do "make clean" then "make all".
- #----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # MCU name
- MCU = atmega16
- #atxmega128a1
- # Processor frequency.
- # This will define a symbol, F_CPU, in all source code files equal to the
- # processor frequency. You can then use this symbol in your source code to
- # calculate timings. Do NOT tack on a 'UL' at the end, this will be done
- # automatically to create a 32-bit value in your source code.
- # Typical values are:
- # F_CPU = 1000000
- # F_CPU = 1843200
- # F_CPU = 2000000
- # F_CPU = 3686400
- # F_CPU = 4000000
- # F_CPU = 7372800
- # F_CPU = 8000000
- # F_CPU = 11059200
- # F_CPU = 14745600
- # F_CPU = 16000000
- # F_CPU = 18432000
- # F_CPU = 20000000
- F_CPU = 8000000
- # Output format. (can be srec, ihex, binary)
- FORMAT = ihex
- # Target file name (without extension).
- TARGET = main
- # Object files directory
- # To put object files in current directory, use a dot (.), do NOT make
- # this an empty or blank macro!
- OBJDIR = .
- # List C source files here. (C dependencies are automatically generated.)
- SRC = $(TARGET).c
- # List C++ source files here. (C dependencies are automatically generated.)
- CPPSRC =
- # List Assembler source files here.
- # Make them always end in a capital .S. Files ending in a lowercase .s
- # will not be considered source files but generated files (assembler
- # output from the compiler), and will be deleted upon "make clean"!
- # Even though the DOS/Win* filesystem matches both .s and .S the same,
- # it will preserve the spelling of the filenames, and gcc itself does
- # care about how the name is spelled on its command-line.
- ASRC =
- # Optimization level, can be [0, 1, 2, 3, s].
- # 0 = turn off optimization. s = optimize for size.
- # (Note: 3 is not always the best optimization level. See avr-libc FAQ.)
- OPT = s
- # Debugging format.
- # Native formats for AVR-GCC's -g are dwarf-2 [default] or stabs.
- # AVR Studio 4.10 requires dwarf-2.
- # AVR [Extended] COFF format requires stabs, plus an avr-objcopy run.
- DEBUG = dwarf-2
- # List any extra directories to look for include files here.
- # Each directory must be seperated by a space.
- # Use forward slashes for directory separators.
- # For a directory that has spaces, enclose it in quotes.
- EXTRAINCDIRS =
- # Compiler flag to set the C Standard level.
- # c89 = "ANSI" C
- # gnu89 = c89 plus GCC extensions
- # c99 = ISO C99 standard (not yet fully implemented)
- # gnu99 = c99 plus GCC extensions
- CSTANDARD = -std=gnu99
- # Place -D or -U options here for C sources
- CDEFS = -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU)UL
- # Place -D or -U options here for ASM sources
- ADEFS = -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU)
- # Place -D or -U options here for C++ sources
- CPPDEFS = -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU)UL
- #CPPDEFS += -D__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
- #CPPDEFS += -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
- #---------------- Compiler Options C ----------------
- # -g*: generate debugging information
- # -O*: optimization level
- # -f...: tuning, see GCC manual and avr-libc documentation
- # -Wall...: warning level
- # -Wa,...: tell GCC to pass this to the assembler.
- # -adhlns...: create assembler listing
- CFLAGS = -g$(DEBUG)
- CFLAGS += $(CDEFS)
- CFLAGS += -O$(OPT)
- CFLAGS += -funsigned-char
- CFLAGS += -funsigned-bitfields
- CFLAGS += -fpack-struct
- CFLAGS += -fshort-enums
- CFLAGS += -Wall
- CFLAGS += -Wstrict-prototypes
- #CFLAGS += -mshort-calls
- #CFLAGS += -fno-unit-at-a-time
- #CFLAGS += -Wundef
- #CFLAGS += -Wunreachable-code
- #CFLAGS += -Wsign-compare
- CFLAGS += -Wa,-adhlns=$(<:%.c=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst)
- CFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-I%,$(EXTRAINCDIRS))
- CFLAGS += $(CSTANDARD)
- #---------------- Compiler Options C++ ----------------
- # -g*: generate debugging information
- # -O*: optimization level
- # -f...: tuning, see GCC manual and avr-libc documentation
- # -Wall...: warning level
- # -Wa,...: tell GCC to pass this to the assembler.
- # -adhlns...: create assembler listing
- CPPFLAGS = -g$(DEBUG)
- CPPFLAGS += $(CPPDEFS)
- CPPFLAGS += -O$(OPT)
- CPPFLAGS += -funsigned-char
- CPPFLAGS += -funsigned-bitfields
- CPPFLAGS += -fpack-struct
- CPPFLAGS += -fshort-enums
- CPPFLAGS += -fno-exceptions
- CPPFLAGS += -Wall
- CPPFLAGS += -Wundef
- #CPPFLAGS += -mshort-calls
- #CPPFLAGS += -fno-unit-at-a-time
- #CPPFLAGS += -Wstrict-prototypes
- #CPPFLAGS += -Wunreachable-code
- #CPPFLAGS += -Wsign-compare
- CPPFLAGS += -Wa,-adhlns=$(<:%.cpp=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst)
- CPPFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-I%,$(EXTRAINCDIRS))
- #CPPFLAGS += $(CSTANDARD)
- #---------------- Assembler Options ----------------
- # -Wa,...: tell GCC to pass this to the assembler.
- # -adhlns: create listing
- # -gstabs: have the assembler create line number information; note that
- # for use in COFF files, additional information about filenames
- # and function names needs to be present in the assembler source
- # files -- see avr-libc docs [FIXME: not yet described there]
- # -listing-cont-lines: Sets the maximum number of continuation lines of hex
- # dump that will be displayed for a given single line of source input.
- ASFLAGS = $(ADEFS) -Wa,-adhlns=$(<:%.S=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst),-gstabs,--listing-cont-lines=100
- #---------------- Library Options ----------------
- # Minimalistic printf version
- PRINTF_LIB_MIN = -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_min
- # Floating point printf version (requires MATH_LIB = -lm below)
- PRINTF_LIB_FLOAT = -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_flt
- # If this is left blank, then it will use the Standard printf version.
- PRINTF_LIB =
- #PRINTF_LIB = $(PRINTF_LIB_MIN)
- #PRINTF_LIB = $(PRINTF_LIB_FLOAT)
- # Minimalistic scanf version
- SCANF_LIB_MIN = -Wl,-u,vfscanf -lscanf_min
- # Floating point + %[ scanf version (requires MATH_LIB = -lm below)
- SCANF_LIB_FLOAT = -Wl,-u,vfscanf -lscanf_flt
- # If this is left blank, then it will use the Standard scanf version.
- SCANF_LIB =
- #SCANF_LIB = $(SCANF_LIB_MIN)
- #SCANF_LIB = $(SCANF_LIB_FLOAT)
- MATH_LIB = -lm
- # List any extra directories to look for libraries here.
- # Each directory must be seperated by a space.
- # Use forward slashes for directory separators.
- # For a directory that has spaces, enclose it in quotes.
- EXTRALIBDIRS =
- #---------------- External Memory Options ----------------
- # 64 KB of external RAM, starting after internal RAM (ATmega128!),
- # used for variables (.data/.bss) and heap (malloc()).
- #EXTMEMOPTS = -Wl,-Tdata=0x801100,--defsym=__heap_end=0x80ffff
- # 64 KB of external RAM, starting after internal RAM (ATmega128!),
- # only used for heap (malloc()).
- #EXTMEMOPTS = -Wl,--section-start,.data=0x801100,--defsym=__heap_end=0x80ffff
- EXTMEMOPTS =
- #---------------- Linker Options ----------------
- # -Wl,...: tell GCC to pass this to linker.
- # -Map: create map file
- # --cref: add cross reference to map file
- LDFLAGS = -Wl,-Map=$(TARGET).map,--cref
- LDFLAGS += $(EXTMEMOPTS)
- LDFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-L%,$(EXTRALIBDIRS))
- LDFLAGS += $(PRINTF_LIB) $(SCANF_LIB) $(MATH_LIB)
- #LDFLAGS += -T linker_script.x
- #---------------- Programming Options (avrdude) ----------------
- # Programming hardware
- # Type: avrdude -c ?
- # to get a full listing.
- #
- AVRDUDE_PROGRAMMER = usbasp
- #dragon_jtag
- # com1 = serial port. Use lpt1 to connect to parallel port.
- AVRDUDE_PORT = usb # programmer connected to serial device
- AVRDUDE_WRITE_FLASH = -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex
- #AVRDUDE_WRITE_EEPROM = -U eeprom:w:$(TARGET).eep
- # Uncomment the following if you want avrdude's erase cycle counter.
- # Note that this counter needs to be initialized first using -Yn,
- # see avrdude manual.
- #AVRDUDE_ERASE_COUNTER = -y
- # Uncomment the following if you do /not/ wish a verification to be
- # performed after programming the device.
- #AVRDUDE_NO_VERIFY = -V
- # Increase verbosity level. Please use this when submitting bug
- # reports about avrdude. See <http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/avrdude>
- # to submit bug reports.
- #AVRDUDE_VERBOSE = -v -v
- AVRDUDE_FLAGS = -p $(MCU) -P $(AVRDUDE_PORT) -c $(AVRDUDE_PROGRAMMER)
- #AVRDUDE_FLAGS = -p m16 -P $(AVRDUDE_PORT) -c $(AVRDUDE_PROGRAMMER)
- AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_NO_VERIFY)
- AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_VERBOSE)
- AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_ERASE_COUNTER)
- #---------------- Debugging Options ----------------
- # For simulavr only - target MCU frequency.
- DEBUG_MFREQ = $(F_CPU)
- # Set the DEBUG_UI to either gdb or insight.
- # DEBUG_UI = gdb
- DEBUG_UI = gdb
- # Set the debugging back-end to either avarice, simulavr.
- DEBUG_BACKEND = avarice
- #DEBUG_BACKEND = simulavr
- # GDB Init Filename.
- GDBINIT_FILE = __avr_gdbinit
- # When using avarice settings for the JTAG
- JTAG_DEV = usb
- # Debugging port used to communicate between GDB / avarice / simulavr.
- DEBUG_PORT = 4242
- # Debugging host used to communicate between GDB / avarice / simulavr, normally
- # just set to localhost unless doing some sort of crazy debugging when
- # avarice is running on a different computer.
- DEBUG_HOST = localhost
- #============================================================================
- # Define programs and commands.
- SHELL = sh
- CC = avr-gcc
- OBJCOPY = avr-objcopy
- OBJDUMP = avr-objdump
- SIZE = avr-size
- AR = avr-ar rcs
- NM = avr-nm
- AVRDUDE = avrdude
- REMOVE = rm -f
- REMOVEDIR = rm -rf
- COPY = cp
- WINSHELL =
- # Define Messages
- # English
- MSG_ERRORS_NONE = Errors: none
- MSG_BEGIN = -------- begin --------
- MSG_END = -------- end --------
- MSG_SIZE_BEFORE = Size before:
- MSG_SIZE_AFTER = Size after:
- MSG_COFF = Converting to AVR COFF:
- MSG_EXTENDED_COFF = Converting to AVR Extended COFF:
- MSG_FLASH = Creating load file for Flash:
- MSG_EEPROM = Creating load file for EEPROM:
- MSG_EXTENDED_LISTING = Creating Extended Listing:
- MSG_SYMBOL_TABLE = Creating Symbol Table:
- MSG_LINKING = Linking:
- MSG_COMPILING = Compiling C:
- MSG_COMPILING_CPP = Compiling C++:
- MSG_ASSEMBLING = Assembling:
- MSG_CLEANING = Cleaning project:
- MSG_CREATING_LIBRARY = Creating library:
- # Define all object files.
- OBJ = $(SRC:%.c=$(OBJDIR)/%.o) $(CPPSRC:%.cpp=$(OBJDIR)/%.o) $(ASRC:%.S=$(OBJDIR)/%.o)
- # Define all listing files.
- LST = $(SRC:%.c=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst) $(CPPSRC:%.cpp=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst) $(ASRC:%.S=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst)
- # Compiler flags to generate dependency files.
- GENDEPFLAGS = -MMD -MP -MF .dep/$(@F).d
- # Combine all necessary flags and optional flags.
- # Add target processor to flags.
- ALL_CFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(GENDEPFLAGS)
- ALL_CPPFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. -x c++ $(CPPFLAGS) $(GENDEPFLAGS)
- ALL_ASFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. -x assembler-with-cpp $(ASFLAGS)
- # Default target.
- all: begin gccversion sizebefore build sizeafter end
- # Change the build target to build a HEX file or a library.
- build: elf hex eep lss sym
- #build: lib
- elf: $(TARGET).elf
- hex: $(TARGET).hex
- eep: $(TARGET).eep
- lss: $(TARGET).lss
- sym: $(TARGET).sym
- LIBNAME=lib$(TARGET).a
- lib: $(LIBNAME)
- # Eye candy.
- # AVR Studio 3.x does not check make's exit code but relies on
- # the following magic strings to be generated by the compile job.
- begin:
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_BEGIN)
- end:
- @echo $(MSG_END)
- @echo
- # Display size of file.
- HEXSIZE = $(SIZE) --target=$(FORMAT) $(TARGET).hex
- ELFSIZE = $(SIZE) --mcu=$(MCU) --format=avr $(TARGET).elf
- sizebefore:
- @if test -f $(TARGET).elf; then echo; echo $(MSG_SIZE_BEFORE); $(ELFSIZE); \
- 2>/dev/null; echo; fi
- sizeafter:
- @if test -f $(TARGET).elf; then echo; echo $(MSG_SIZE_AFTER); $(ELFSIZE); \
- 2>/dev/null; echo; fi
- # Display compiler version information.
- gccversion :
- @$(CC) --version
- # Program the device.
- program: $(TARGET).hex $(TARGET).eep
- $(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDE_FLAGS) $(AVRDUDE_WRITE_FLASH) $(AVRDUDE_WRITE_EEPROM)
- # Generate avr-gdb config/init file which does the following:
- # define the reset signal, load the target file, connect to target, and set
- # a breakpoint at main().
- gdb-config:
- @$(REMOVE) $(GDBINIT_FILE)
- @echo define reset >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
- @echo SIGNAL SIGHUP >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
- @echo end >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
- @echo file $(TARGET).elf >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
- @echo target remote $(DEBUG_HOST):$(DEBUG_PORT) >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
- ifeq ($(DEBUG_BACKEND),simulavr)
- @echo load >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
- endif
- @echo break main >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
- debug: gdb-config $(TARGET).elf
- ifeq ($(DEBUG_BACKEND), avarice)
- @echo Starting AVaRICE - Press enter when "waiting to connect" message displays.
- #@$(WINSHELL) /c start avarice --jtag $(JTAG_DEV) --erase --program --file \
- #$(TARGET).hex $(DEBUG_HOST):$(DEBUG_PORT)
- #@$(WINSHELL) /c pause
- @$(WINSHELL) avarice --xmega -g --jtag $(JTAG_DEV) --erase --program --file \
- $(TARGET).elf:$(DEBUG_PORT)
- #@$(WINSHELL) pause
- else
- @$(WINSHELL) /c start simulavr --gdbserver --device $(MCU) --clock-freq \
- $(DEBUG_MFREQ) --port $(DEBUG_PORT)
- endif
- #@$(WINSHELL) /c start avr-$(DEBUG_UI) --command=$(GDBINIT_FILE)
- @$(WINSHELL) $(DEBUG_UI)
- # Convert ELF to COFF for use in debugging / simulating in AVR Studio or VMLAB.
- COFFCONVERT = $(OBJCOPY) --debugging
- COFFCONVERT += --change-section-address .data-0x800000
- COFFCONVERT += --change-section-address .bss-0x800000
- COFFCONVERT += --change-section-address .noinit-0x800000
- COFFCONVERT += --change-section-address .eeprom-0x810000
- coff: $(TARGET).elf
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_COFF) $(TARGET).cof
- $(COFFCONVERT) -O coff-avr $< $(TARGET).cof
- extcoff: $(TARGET).elf
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_EXTENDED_COFF) $(TARGET).cof
- $(COFFCONVERT) -O coff-ext-avr $< $(TARGET).cof
- # Create final output files (.hex, .eep) from ELF output file.
- %.hex: %.elf
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_FLASH) $@
- $(OBJCOPY) -O $(FORMAT) -R .eeprom -R .fuse -R .lock $< $@
- %.eep: %.elf
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_EEPROM) $@
- -$(OBJCOPY) -j .eeprom --set-section-flags=.eeprom="alloc,load" \
- --change-section-lma .eeprom=0 --no-change-warnings -O $(FORMAT) $< $@ || exit 0
- # Create extended listing file from ELF output file.
- %.lss: %.elf
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_EXTENDED_LISTING) $@
- $(OBJDUMP) -h -S -z $< > $@
- # Create a symbol table from ELF output file.
- %.sym: %.elf
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_SYMBOL_TABLE) $@
- $(NM) -n $< > $@
- # Create library from object files.
- .SECONDARY : $(TARGET).a
- .PRECIOUS : $(OBJ)
- %.a: $(OBJ)
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_CREATING_LIBRARY) $@
- $(AR) $@ $(OBJ)
- # Link: create ELF output file from object files.
- .SECONDARY : $(TARGET).elf
- .PRECIOUS : $(OBJ)
- %.elf: $(OBJ)
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_LINKING) $@
- $(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $^ --output $@ $(LDFLAGS)
- # Compile: create object files from C source files.
- $(OBJDIR)/%.o : %.c
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_COMPILING) $<
- $(CC) -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $< -o $@
- # Compile: create object files from C++ source files.
- $(OBJDIR)/%.o : %.cpp
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_COMPILING_CPP) $<
- $(CC) -c $(ALL_CPPFLAGS) $< -o $@
- # Compile: create assembler files from C source files.
- %.s : %.c
- $(CC) -S $(ALL_CFLAGS) $< -o $@
- # Compile: create assembler files from C++ source files.
- %.s : %.cpp
- $(CC) -S $(ALL_CPPFLAGS) $< -o $@
- # Assemble: create object files from assembler source files.
- $(OBJDIR)/%.o : %.S
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_ASSEMBLING) $<
- $(CC) -c $(ALL_ASFLAGS) $< -o $@
- # Create preprocessed source for use in sending a bug report.
- %.i : %.c
- $(CC) -E -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
- # Target: clean project.
- clean: begin clean_list end
- clean_list :
- @echo
- @echo $(MSG_CLEANING)
- $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).hex
- $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).eep
- $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).cof
- $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).elf
- $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).map
- $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).sym
- $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).lss
- $(REMOVE) $(SRC:%.c=$(OBJDIR)/%.o)
- $(REMOVE) $(SRC:%.c=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst)
- $(REMOVE) $(SRC:.c=.s)
- $(REMOVE) $(SRC:.c=.d)
- $(REMOVE) $(SRC:.c=.i)
- $(REMOVEDIR) .dep
- # Create object files directory
- $(shell mkdir $(OBJDIR) 2>/dev/null)
- # Include the dependency files.
- -include $(shell mkdir .dep 2>/dev/null) $(wildcard .dep/*)
- # Listing of phony targets.
- .PHONY : all begin finish end sizebefore sizeafter gccversion \
- build elf hex eep lss sym coff extcoff \
- clean clean_list program debug gdb-config