LaTeX公式手册(全网最全)

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如何插入公式

$\text{LATEX}$的数学公式有两种：行中公式和独立公式（行间公式）。行中公式放在文中与其它文字混编，独立公式单独成行。

行中公式可以用如下方法表示：

$ 数学公式 $

独立公式可以用如下方法表示：

$$ 数学公式 $$

表示逻辑

\vee,\bigvee,\wedge,\bigwedge

$\vee ,\bigvee ,\wedge ,\bigwedge$

下标置于文本正下方

\mathop{\mathbb{E}}\limits_{S\sim\mathcal{D}^m}[\widehat{R}_{LOO}(\mathcal{A})]=\mathop{\mathbb{E}}\limits_{S^\prime\sim\mathcal{m-1}}[R(h_{S^\prime})]

$$\underset{S\sim {\mathcal{D}}^m}{E}[{\hat{R}}_{LOO}(\mathcal{A})]=\underset{S^{\prime }\sim m-1}{E}[R(h_{S^{\prime }})]$$

伪逆矩阵的数学记号：\dagger
${\mathbf{M}}^{†}$

函数、符号及特殊字符

声调 / 变音符号

\dot{a}, \ddot{a}, \acute{a}, \grave{a}
$\dot{a},\ddot{a},\acute{a},\grave{a}$

\check{a}, \breve{a}, \tilde{a}, \bar{a}
$\check{a},\breve{a},\tilde{a},\bar{a}$

\hat{a}, \widehat{a}, \vec{a}
$\hat{a},\hat{a},\vec{a}$

标准函数

指数

\exp_a b = a^b, \exp b = e^b, 10^m
${\exp }_{a}b=a^b,\exp b=e^b,10^m$

对数

\ln c, \lg d = \log e, \log_{10} f
$\ln c,\lg d=\log e,{\log }_{10}f$

三角函数

\sin a, \cos b, \tan c, \cot d, \sec e, \csc f
$\sin a,\cos b,\tan c,\cot d,\sec e,\csc f$

\arcsin a, \arccos b, \arctan c
$\arcsin a,\arccos b,\arctan c$

\sinh a, \cosh b, \tanh c, \coth d
$\sinh a,\cosh b,\tanh c,\coth d$

\operatorname{sh}k, \operatorname{ch}l, \operatorname{th}m, \operatorname{coth}n
$\mathrm{sh}k,\mathrm{ch}l,\mathrm{th}m,\coth n$

\operatorname{argsh}o, \operatorname{argch}p, \operatorname{argth}q
$\mathrm{argsh}o,\mathrm{argch}p,\mathrm{argth}q$

绝对值

\left\vert s \right\vert
$\left|s\right|$

最大值，最小值

\min(x,y), \max(x,y)
$\min (x,y),\max (x,y)$

界限，极限

\min x, \max y, \inf s, \sup t
$\min x,\max y,\inf s,\sup t$

\lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{n(n+1)}
${\lim }_{x\to \infty }\frac{1}{n(n+1)}$

投射

\Pr j, \hom l, \lVert z \rVert, \arg z
$\mathrm{Pr}j,\mathrm{hom}l,\Vert z\Vert ,\arg z$

微分及导数

dt, \mathrm{d}t, \partial t, \nabla\psi
$dt,\mathrm{d}t,\partial t,\nabla \psi$

dy/dx, \mathrm{d}y/\mathrm{d}x, \frac{dy}{dx}, \frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}, \frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_1\partial x_2}y
$dy/dx,\mathrm{d}y/\mathrm{d}x,\frac{dy}{dx},\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x},\frac{{\partial }^2}{\partial x_1\partial x_2}y$

\prime, \backprime, f^\prime, f', f'', f^{(3)}, \dot y, \ddot y
$\prime ,‵,f^{\prime },f^{\prime },f^{\prime \prime },f^{(3)},\dot{y},\ddot{y}$

类字母符号及常数

\infty, \aleph, \complement, \backepsilon, \eth, \Finv, \hbar
$\infty ,\aleph ,\complement ,∍,ð,Ⅎ,\hslash$

\Im, \imath, \jmath, \Bbbk, \ell, \mho, \wp, \Re, \circledS
$\Im ,ı,ȷ,\mathbb{k},\ell ,\mho ,\wp ,\Re ,Ⓢ$

模运算

s_k \equiv 0 \pmod{m}
$s_k\equiv 0(\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{d}m)$

a \bmod b
$a\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{d}b$

\mid, \nmid, \shortmid, \nshortmid
$\mid ,\nmid ,\mid ,$

根号

\surd, \sqrt{2}, \sqrt[n]{}, \sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3+y^3}{2}}
$\surd ,\sqrt{2},\sqrt[n]{},\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3+y^3}{2}}$

运算符

+, -, \pm, \mp, \dotplus
$+,-,\pm ,\mp ,\dotplus$

\times, \div, \divideontimes, /, \backslash
$\times ,÷,\divideontimes ,/,\backslash$

\cdot, * \ast, \star, \circ, \bullet
$\cdot ,\ast \ast ,\star ,\circ ,\bullet$

\boxplus, \boxminus, \boxtimes, \boxdot
$⊞,\boxminus ,⊠,⊡$

\oplus, \ominus, \otimes, \oslash, \odot
$\oplus ,\ominus ,\otimes ,\oslash ,\odot$

\circleddash, \circledcirc, \circledast
$⊝,⊚,⊛$

\bigoplus, \bigotimes, \bigodot
$⨁,⨂,⨀$

集合

\{ \}, \varnothing
{ } , ∅ \{ \}, \varnothing {},∅

\in, \notin \not\in, \ni, \not\ni
$\in ,\notin \notin ,\ni ,\not\ni$

\cap, \Cap, \sqcap, \bigcap
$\cap ,⋒,\sqcap ,\bigcap$

\cup, \Cup, \sqcup, \bigcup, \bigsqcup, \uplus, \biguplus
$\cup ,⋓,\bigsqcup ,\bigcup ,⨆,\uplus ,⨄$

\setminus, \smallsetminus, \times
$\setminus ,\setminus ,\times$

\subset, \Subset, \sqsubset
$\subset ,⋐,⊏$

\supset, \Supset, \sqsupset
$\supset ,⋑,⊐$

\subseteq, \nsubseteq, \subsetneq, \varsubsetneq, \sqsubseteq
$\subseteq ,⊈,⊊,,⊑$

\supseteq, \nsupseteq, \supsetneq, \varsupsetneq, \sqsupseteq
$\supseteq ,⊉,⊋,,⊒$

\subseteqq, \nsubseteqq, \subsetneqq, \varsubsetneqq
$⫅,,⫋,$

\supseteqq, \nsupseteqq, \supsetneqq, \varsupsetneqq
$⫆,,⫌,$

关系符号

=, \ne, \neq, \equiv, \not\equiv
$=,\ne ,\ne ,\equiv ,\not\equiv$

\doteq, \doteqdot, \overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=}, :=
$\doteq ,\doteqdot ,\stackrel{\underset{\mathrm{d}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{f}}{}}{=},:=$

\sim, \nsim, \backsim, \thicksim, \simeq, \backsimeq, \eqsim, \cong, \ncong
$\sim ,\nsim ,\backsim ,\sim ,\simeq ,\backsimeq ,\eqsim ,\cong ,≆$

\approx, \thickapprox, \approxeq, \asymp, \propto, \varpropto
$\approx ,\approx ,\approxeq ,\asymp ,\propto ,\propto$

<, \nless, \ll, \not\ll, \lll, \not\lll, \lessdot
$<,\nless ,\ll ,/\ll ,⋘,/⋘,⋖$

>, \ngtr, \gg, \not\gg, \ggg, \not\ggg, \gtrdot
$>,\ngtr ,\gg ,/\gg ,⋙,/⋙,⋗$

\le, \leq, \lneq, \leqq, \nleq, \nleqq, \lneqq, \lvertneqq
$\le ,\le ,⪇,\leqq ,\nleqq ,,\lneqq ,$

\ge, \geq, \gneq, \geqq, \ngeq, \ngeqq, \gneqq, \gvertneqq
$\ge ,\ge ,⪈,\geqq ,\ngeqq ,,\gneqq ,$

\lessgtr, \lesseqgtr, \lesseqqgtr, \gtrless, \gtreqless, \gtreqqless
$\lessgtr ,⋚,⪋,\gtrless ,⋛,⪌$

\leqslant, \nleqslant, \eqslantless
$⩽,,⪕$

\geqslant, \ngeqslant, \eqslantgtr
$⩾,,⪖$

逻辑符号

\forall, \exists, \nexists
$\forall ,\exists ,\nexists$

\therefore, \because, \And
$\therefore ,\because ,\&$

\bar{q}, \bar{abc}, \overline{q}, \overline{abc},\lnot \neg, \not\operatorname{R}, \bot, \top
$\bar{q},\overline{abc},\overline{q},\overline{abc},\neg \neg ,/R,\perp ,\top$

\vdash \dashv, \vDash, \Vdash, \models
$⊢⊣,\models ,⊩,\models$

箭头

\Rrightarrow, \Lleftarrow
$\Rrightarrow ,\Lleftarrow$

\Rightarrow, \nRightarrow, \Longrightarrow \implies
$\Rightarrow ,\nRightarrow ,⟹⟹$

\Leftarrow, \nLeftarrow, \Longleftarrow
$\Leftarrow ,\nLeftarrow ,⟸$

\Leftrightarrow, \nLeftrightarrow, \Longleftrightarrow \iff
$\iff ,\nLeftrightarrow ,⟺⟺$

\Uparrow, \Downarrow, \Updownarrow
$\Uparrow ,\Downarrow ,\Updownarrow$

\rightarrow \to, \nrightarrow, \longrightarrow
$\to \to ,\nrightarrow ,⟶$

\leftarrow \gets, \nleftarrow, \longleftarrow
$\leftrightarrow ,\nleftrightarrow ,⟷$

\leftrightarrow, \nleftrightarrow, \longleftrightarrow
$\leftrightarrow ,\nleftrightarrow ,⟷$

\uparrow, \downarrow, \updownarrow
$\uparrow ,\downarrow ,\updownarrow$

\nearrow, \swarrow, \nwarrow, \searrow
$\nearrow ,\swarrow ,\nwarrow ,\searrow$

\mapsto, \longmapsto
$\mapsto ,⟼$

\rightharpoonup \rightharpoondown \leftharpoonup \leftharpoondown \upharpoonleft \upharpoonright \downharpoonleft \downharpoonright \rightleftharpoons \leftrightharpoons
$\rightharpoonup \rightharpoondown \leftharpoonup \leftharpoondown \upharpoonleft \upharpoonright \downharpoonleft \downharpoonright \rightleftharpoons \leftrightharpoons$

上标、下标及积分等

a^2
$a^2$

a_2
$a_2$

a^{2+2}
$a^{2+2}$

a_{i,j}
$a_{i,j}$

x_2^3
$x_2^3$

{}_1^2\!X_3^4
${}_1^2{X}_3^4$

x^\prime
$x^{\prime }$

\dot{x}
$\dot{x}$

\ddot{y}
$\ddot{y}$

\vec{c}（只有一个字母）
$\vec{c}$

\overleftarrow{a b}
$\overleftarrow{ab}$

\overrightarrow{c d}
$\overrightarrow{cd}$

\overleftrightarrow{a b}
$\overleftrightarrow{ab}$

\widehat{e f g}
$\widehat{efg}$

\overset{\frown} {AB}
$\stackrel{⌢}{\mathrm{AB}}$

\overline{h i j}
$\overline{hij}$

\underline{k l m}
$\underline{klm}$

\overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}
$\overbrace{1+2+\cdots +100}$

\begin{matrix} 5050 \\ \overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 } \end{matrix}
$\begin{array}{c}5050\\ \overbrace{1+2+\cdots +100}\end{array}$

\underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z}
$\underbrace{a+b+\cdots +z}$

\begin{matrix} \underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z } \\ 26 \end{matrix}
$\begin{array}{c}\underbrace{a+b+\cdots +z}\\ 26\end{array}$

\sum_{k=1}^N k^2
${\sum }_{k=1}^N{k}^2$

\begin{matrix} \sum_{k=1}^N k^2 \end{matrix}
$\begin{array}{c}{\sum }_{k=1}^N{k}^2\end{array}$

\prod_{i=1}^N x_i
${\prod }_{i=1}^N{x}_i$

\begin{matrix} \prod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix}
$\begin{array}{c}{\prod }_{i=1}^N{x}_i\end{array}$

\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i
${\coprod }_{i=1}^N{x}_i$

\begin{matrix} \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix}
$\begin{array}{c}{\coprod }_{i=1}^N{x}_i\end{array}$

\lim_{n \to \infty}x_n
${\lim }_{n\to \infty }{x}_n$

\begin{matrix} \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n \end{matrix}
$\begin{array}{c}{\lim }_{n\to \infty }{x}_n\end{array}$

\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, {\rm d}x
${\int }_{-N}^N{e}^x\mathrm{d}x$

\begin{matrix} \int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, \mathrm{d}x \end{matrix}（矩阵中积分符号变小）
$\begin{array}{c}{\int }_{-N}^N{e}^x\mathrm{d}x\end{array}$

\iint_{D}^{W} \, \mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y
${\iint }_D^W\mathrm{d}x\mathrm{d}y$

\iiint_{E}^{V} \, \mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y\,\mathrm{d}z
${\iiint }_E^V\mathrm{d}x\mathrm{d}y\mathrm{d}z$

\oint_{C} x^3\, \mathrm{d}x + 4y^2\, \mathrm{d}y
${\oint }_C{x}^3\mathrm{d}x+4y^2\mathrm{d}y$

\bigcap_1^{n} p
${\bigcap }_1^{n}p$

\bigcup_1^{k} p
${\bigcup }_1^{k}p$

分数

\frac{2}{4}=0.5
$\frac{2}{4}=0.5$

\tfrac{2}{4} = 0.5
$\frac{2}{4}=0.5$

\cfrac{2}{c + \cfrac{2}{d + \cfrac{2}{4}}} = a
$\frac{2}{c+\frac{2}{d+\frac{2}{4}}}=a$

\dfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 \qquad \dfrac{2}{c + \dfrac{2}{d + \dfrac{2}{4}}} = a
$\frac{2}{4}=0.5\frac{2}{c+\frac{2}{d+\frac{2}{4}}}=a$

\dbinom{n}{r}=\binom{n}{n-r}=\mathrm{C}_n^r=\mathrm{C}_n^{n-r}
$\left(\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{n}{r}\right)=\left(\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{n}{n-r}\right)={\mathrm{C}}_n^r={\mathrm{C}}_n^{n-r}$

\tbinom{n}{r}=\tbinom{n}{n-r}=\mathrm{C}_n^r=\mathrm{C}_n^{n-r}
$\left(\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{n}{r}\right)=\left(\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{n}{n-r}\right)={\mathrm{C}}_n^r={\mathrm{C}}_n^{n-r}$

\binom{n}{r}=\dbinom{n}{n-r}=\mathrm{C}_n^r=\mathrm{C}_n^{n-r}
$\left(\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{n}{r}\right)=\left(\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{n}{n-r}\right)={\mathrm{C}}_n^r={\mathrm{C}}_n^{n-r}$

在以e为底的指数函数、极限和积分中尽量不要使用 \frac 符号：它会使整段函数看起来很怪，而且可能产生歧义。也正是因此它在专业数学排版中几乎从不出现。
横着写这些分式，中间使用斜线间隔 / （用斜线代替分数线）。

• 例子

\begin{array}{cc}
\mathrm{Bad} & \mathrm{Better} \\
\hline \\
e^{i\frac{\pi}2} \quad e^{\frac{i\pi}2}& e^{i\pi/2} \\
\int_{-\frac\pi2}^\frac\pi2 \sin x\,dx & \int_{-\pi/2}^{\pi/2}\sin x\,dx \\
\end{array}

• 显示

$$\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{B}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{d}& \mathrm{B}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{r}\\ & \\ e^{i\frac{\pi }{2}}{e}^{\frac{i\pi }{2}}& e^{i\pi /2}\\ {\int }_{-\frac{\pi }{2}}^{\frac{\pi }{2}}\sin xdx& {\int }_{-\pi /2}^{\pi /2}\sin xdx\end{array}$$

矩阵、条件表达式、方程组

• 语法：

\begin{类型}
公式内容
\end{类型}

无框矩阵

\begin{matrix}
x & y \\
z & v
\end{matrix}

$$\begin{array}{cc}x& y\\ z& v\end{array}$$

有框矩阵

\begin{vmatrix}
x & y \\
z & v
\end{vmatrix}

$$\left|\begin{array}{cc}x& y\\ z& v\end{array}\right|$$

\begin{Vmatrix}
x & y \\
z & v
\end{Vmatrix}

$$\Vert \begin{array}{cc}x& y\\ z& v\end{array}\Vert$$

\begin{bmatrix}
0      & \cdots & 0      \\
\vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\
0      & \cdots & 0
\end{bmatrix}

$$\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0& \cdots & 0\\ ⋮& \ddots & ⋮\\ 0& \cdots & 0\end{array}\right]$$

\begin{Bmatrix}
x & y \\
z & v
\end{Bmatrix}

$$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}x& y\\ z& v\end{array}\right\}$$

\begin{pmatrix}
x & y \\
z & v
\end{pmatrix}

$$\left(\begin{array}{cc}x& y\\ z& v\end{array}\right)$$

条件表达式

f(n) =
\begin{cases} 
n/2,  & \text{if }n\text{ is even} \\
3n+1, & \text{if }n\text{ is odd}
\end{cases}

$$f(n)=\{\begin{array}{ll}n/2,& \text{if }n\text{ is even}\\ 3n+1,& \text{if }n\text{ is odd}\end{array}$$

多行等式、同余式

写拖式的重点语句！！！！！！

\begin{aligned}
f(x) & = (m+n)^2 \\
     & = m^2+2mn+n^2 \\
\end{aligned}

$$\begin{array}{rl}f(x)& =(m+n{)}^2\\ & =m^2+2mn+n^2\end{array}$$

\begin{aligned}
3^{6n+3}+4^{6n+3} 
& \equiv (3^3)^{2n+1}+(4^3)^{2n+1}\\  
& \equiv 27^{2n+1}+64^{2n+1}\\  
& \equiv 27^{2n+1}+(-27)^{2n+1}\\ 
& \equiv 27^{2n+1}-27^{2n+1}\\
& \equiv 0 \pmod{91}\\
\end{aligned}

$$\begin{array}{rl}{3}^{6n+3}+4^{6n+3}& \equiv (3^3{)}^{2n+1}+(4^3{)}^{2n+1}\\ & \equiv 27^{2n+1}+64^{2n+1}\\ & \equiv 27^{2n+1}+(-27{)}^{2n+1}\\ & \equiv 27^{2n+1}-27^{2n+1}\\ & \equiv 0(\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{d}91)\end{array}$$

方程组

\begin{cases}
3x + 5y +  z \\
7x - 2y + 4z \\
-6x + 3y + 2z
\end{cases}

$$\{\begin{array}{l}3x+5y+z\\ 7x-2y+4z\\ -6x+3y+2z\end{array}$$

\left\{\begin{aligned}
3x + 5y +  z \\
7x - 2y + 4z \\
-6x + 3y + 2z
\end{aligned}\right.

$$\{\begin{array}{r}3x+5y+z\\ 7x-2y+4z\\ -6x+3y+2z\end{array}$$

数组与表格

\begin{array}{c|lcr}
n & \text{左对齐} & \text{居中对齐} & \text{右对齐} \\
\hline
1 & 0.24 & 1 & 125 \\
2 & -1 & 189 & -8 \\
3 & -20 & 2000 & 1+10i
\end{array}

$$\begin{array}{clcr}n& \text{左对齐}& \text{居中对齐}& \text{右对齐}\\ 1& 0.24& 1& 125\\ 2& -1& 189& -8\\ 3& -20& 2000& 1+10i\end{array}$$

\begin{array}{lcl}
z        & = & a \\
f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z 
\end{array}

$$\begin{array}{lcl}z& =& a\\ f(x,y,z)& =& x+y+z\end{array}$$

\begin{array}{ccc}
a & b & S \\
\hline
0&0&1\\
0&1&1\\
1&0&1\\
1&1&0\\
\end{array}

$$\begin{array}{ccc}a& b& S\\ 0& 0& 1\\ 0& 1& 1\\ 1& 0& 1\\ 1& 1& 0\end{array}$$

嵌套数组或表格

% outer vertical array of arrays 外层垂直表格
\begin{array}{c}
    % inner horizontal array of arrays 内层水平表格
    \begin{array}{cc}
        % inner array of minimum values 内层"最小值"数组
        \begin{array}{c|cccc}
        \text{min} & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3\\
        \hline
        0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\
        1 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 1\\
        2 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 2\\
        3 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3
        \end{array}
    &
        % inner array of maximum values 内层"最大值"数组
        \begin{array}{c|cccc}
        \text{max}&0&1&2&3\\
        \hline
        0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3\\
        1 & 1 & 1 & 2 & 3\\
        2 & 2 & 2 & 2 & 3\\
        3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3
        \end{array}
    \end{array}
    % 内层第一行表格组结束
    \\
    % inner array of delta values 内层第二行Delta值数组
        \begin{array}{c|cccc}
        \Delta&0&1&2&3\\
        \hline
        0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3\\
        1 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 2\\
        2 & 2 & 1 & 0 & 1\\
        3 & 3 & 2 & 1 & 0
        \end{array}
        % 内层第二行表格组结束
\end{array}

$$\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{cc}\begin{array}{ccccc}\text{min}& 0& 1& 2& 3\\ 0& 0& 0& 0& 0\\ 1& 0& 1& 1& 1\\ 2& 0& 1& 2& 2\\ 3& 0& 1& 2& 3\end{array}& \begin{array}{ccccc}\text{max}& 0& 1& 2& 3\\ 0& 0& 1& 2& 3\\ 1& 1& 1& 2& 3\\ 2& 2& 2& 2& 3\\ 3& 3& 3& 3& 3\end{array}\end{array}\\ \begin{array}{ccccc}\Delta & 0& 1& 2& 3\\ 0& 0& 1& 2& 3\\ 1& 1& 0& 1& 2\\ 2& 2& 1& 0& 1\\ 3& 3& 2& 1& 0\end{array}\end{array}$$

用数组实现带分割符号的矩阵

\left[
    \begin{array}{cc|c}
      1&2&3\\
      4&5&6
    \end{array}
\right]

$$\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& 2& 3\\ 4& 5& 6\end{array}\right]$$

字体

希腊字母

\Alpha \Beta \Gamma \Delta \Epsilon \Zeta \Eta \Theta
$\mathrm{A}\mathrm{B}\Gamma \Delta \mathrm{E}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}\Theta$

\Iota \Kappa \Lambda \Mu \Nu \Xi \Omicron \Pi
$\mathrm{I}\mathrm{K}\Lambda \mathrm{M}\mathrm{N}\Xi \mathrm{O}\Pi$

\Rho \Sigma \Tau \Upsilon \Phi \Chi \Psi \Omega
$\mathrm{P}\Sigma \mathrm{T}{\rm Y}\Phi \mathrm{X}\Psi \Omega$

\alpha \beta \gamma \delta \epsilon \zeta \eta \theta
$\alpha \beta \gamma \delta ϵ\zeta \eta \theta$

\iota \kappa \lambda \mu \nu \omicron \xi \pi
$\iota \kappa \lambda \mu \nu o\xi \pi$

\rho \sigma \tau \upsilon \phi \chi \psi \omega
$\rho \sigma \tau \upsilon \varphi \chi \psi \omega$

\varepsilon \digamma \varkappa \varpi
$\epsilon ϝ\varkappa \varpi$

\varrho \varsigma \vartheta \varphi
$\varrho \varsigma \vartheta \phi$

所有字体

黑板报粗体

\mathbb{ABCDEFGHI}
$\mathbb{A}\mathbb{B}\mathbb{C}\mathbb{D}\mathbb{E}\mathbb{F}\mathbb{G}\mathbb{H}\mathbb{I}$

\mathbb{JKLMNOPQR}
$\mathbb{J}\mathbb{K}\mathbb{L}\mathbb{M}\mathbb{N}\mathbb{O}\mathbb{P}\mathbb{Q}\mathbb{R}$

\mathbb{STUVWXYZ}
$\mathbb{S}\mathbb{T}\mathbb{U}\mathbb{V}\mathbb{W}\mathbb{X}\mathbb{Y}\mathbb{Z}$

粗体

\mathbf{ABCDEFGHI}
$\mathbf{A}\mathbf{B}\mathbf{C}\mathbf{D}\mathbf{E}\mathbf{F}\mathbf{G}\mathbf{H}\mathbf{I}$

\mathbf{JKLMNOPQR}
$\mathbf{J}\mathbf{K}\mathbf{L}\mathbf{M}\mathbf{N}\mathbf{O}\mathbf{P}\mathbf{Q}\mathbf{R}$

\mathbf{STUVWXYZ}
$\mathbf{S}\mathbf{T}\mathbf{U}\mathbf{V}\mathbf{W}\mathbf{X}\mathbf{Y}\mathbf{Z}$

\mathbf{abcdefghijklm}
$\mathbf{a}\mathbf{b}\mathbf{c}\mathbf{d}\mathbf{e}\mathbf{f}\mathbf{g}\mathbf{h}\mathbf{i}\mathbf{j}\mathbf{k}\mathbf{l}\mathbf{m}$

\mathbf{nopqrstuvwxyz}
$\mathbf{n}\mathbf{o}\mathbf{p}\mathbf{q}\mathbf{r}\mathbf{s}\mathbf{t}\mathbf{u}\mathbf{v}\mathbf{w}\mathbf{x}\mathbf{y}\mathbf{z}$

\mathbf{0123456789}
$0123456789$

粗体希腊字母

\boldsymbol{\Alpha\Beta\Gamma\Delta\Epsilon\Zeta\Eta\Theta}
$\mathrm{A}\mathrm{B}\mathbf{\Gamma }\mathbf{\Delta }\mathrm{E}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}\mathbf{\Theta }$

\boldsymbol{\Iota\Kappa\Lambda\Mu\Nu\Xi\Pi\Rho}
$\mathrm{I}\mathrm{K}\mathbf{\Lambda }\mathrm{M}\mathrm{N}\mathbf{\Xi }\mathbf{\Pi }\mathrm{P}$

\boldsymbol{\Sigma\Tau\Upsilon\Phi\Chi\Psi\Omega}
$\mathbf{\Sigma }\mathrm{T}\mathbf{{\rm Y}}\mathbf{\Phi }\mathrm{X}\mathbf{\Psi }\mathbf{\Omega }$

\boldsymbol{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta\epsilon\zeta\eta\theta}
$\mathbf{\alpha }\mathbf{\beta }\mathbf{\gamma }\mathbf{\delta }\mathbf{ϵ}\mathbf{\zeta }\mathbf{\eta }\mathbf{\theta }$

\boldsymbol{\iota\kappa\lambda\mu\nu\xi\pi\rho}
$\mathbf{\iota }\mathbf{\kappa }\mathbf{\lambda }\mathbf{\mu }\mathbf{\nu }\mathbf{\xi }\mathbf{\pi }\mathbf{\rho }$

\boldsymbol{\sigma\tau\upsilon\phi\chi\psi\omega}
$\mathbf{\sigma }\mathbf{\tau }\mathbf{\upsilon }\mathbf{\varphi }\mathbf{\chi }\mathbf{\psi }\mathbf{\omega }$

\boldsymbol{\varepsilon\digamma\varkappa\varpi}
$\mathbf{\epsilon }ϝ\varkappa \mathbf{\varpi }$

\boldsymbol{\varrho\varsigma\vartheta\varphi}
$\mathbf{\varrho }\mathbf{\varsigma }\mathbf{\vartheta }\mathbf{\phi }$

斜体（拉丁字母默认）

\mathit{\Alpha\Beta\Gamma\Delta\Epsilon\Zeta\Eta\Theta}
$\mathrm{A}\mathrm{B}\Gamma \Delta \mathrm{E}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}\Theta$

\mathit{\Iota\Kappa\Lambda\Mu\Nu\Xi\Pi\Rho}
$\mathrm{I}\mathrm{K}\Lambda \mathrm{M}\mathrm{N}\Xi \Pi \mathrm{P}$

\mathit{\Sigma\Tau\Upsilon\Phi\Chi\Psi\Omega}
$\Sigma \mathrm{T}{\rm Y}\Phi \mathrm{X}\Psi \Omega$

罗马体

\mathrm{ABCDEFGHI}
$\mathrm{A}\mathrm{B}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{D}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{F}\mathrm{G}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{I}$
\mathrm{JKLMNOPQR}
$\mathrm{J}\mathrm{K}\mathrm{L}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{N}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{Q}\mathrm{R}$

\mathrm{STUVWXYZ}
$\mathrm{S}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{U}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{X}\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{Z}$

\mathrm{abcdefghijklm}
$\mathrm{a}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{f}\mathrm{g}\mathrm{h}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{j}\mathrm{k}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{m}$

\mathrm{nopqrstuvwxyz}
$\mathrm{n}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{p}\mathrm{q}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{u}\mathrm{v}\mathrm{w}\mathrm{x}\mathrm{y}\mathrm{z}$

\mathrm{0123456789}
$0123456789$

无衬线体

\mathsf{ABCDEFGHI}
$\mathsf{A}\mathsf{B}\mathsf{C}\mathsf{D}\mathsf{E}\mathsf{F}\mathsf{G}\mathsf{H}\mathsf{I}$

\mathsf{JKLMNOPQR}
$\mathsf{J}\mathsf{K}\mathsf{L}\mathsf{M}\mathsf{N}\mathsf{O}\mathsf{P}\mathsf{Q}\mathsf{R}$

\mathsf{STUVWXYZ}
$\mathsf{S}\mathsf{T}\mathsf{U}\mathsf{V}\mathsf{W}\mathsf{X}\mathsf{Y}\mathsf{Z}$

\mathsf{abcdefghijklm}
$\mathsf{a}\mathsf{b}\mathsf{c}\mathsf{d}\mathsf{e}\mathsf{f}\mathsf{g}\mathsf{h}\mathsf{i}\mathsf{j}\mathsf{k}\mathsf{l}\mathsf{m}$

\mathsf{nopqrstuvwxyz}
$\mathsf{n}\mathsf{o}\mathsf{p}\mathsf{q}\mathsf{r}\mathsf{s}\mathsf{t}\mathsf{u}\mathsf{v}\mathsf{w}\mathsf{x}\mathsf{y}\mathsf{z}$

\mathsf{0123456789}
$0123456789$

无衬线体希腊字母（仅大写）

\mathsf{\Alpha \Beta \Gamma \Delta \Epsilon \Zeta \Eta \Theta}
$\mathrm{A}\mathrm{B}\mathsf{\Gamma }\mathsf{\Delta }\mathrm{E}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{H}\mathsf{\Theta }$

\mathsf{\Iota \Kappa \Lambda \Mu \Nu \Xi \Pi \Rho}
$\mathrm{I}\mathrm{K}\mathsf{\Lambda }\mathrm{M}\mathrm{N}\mathsf{\Xi }\mathsf{\Pi }\mathrm{P}$

\mathsf{\Sigma \Tau \Upsilon \Phi \Chi \Psi \Omega}
$\mathsf{\Sigma }\mathrm{T}\mathsf{{\rm Y}}\mathsf{\Phi }\mathrm{X}\mathsf{\Psi }\mathsf{\Omega }$

手写体 / 花体

\mathcal{ABCDEFGHI}
$\mathcal{A}\mathcal{B}\mathcal{C}\mathcal{D}\mathcal{E}\mathcal{F}\mathcal{G}\mathcal{H}\mathcal{I}$

\mathcal{JKLMNOPQR}
$\mathcal{J}\mathcal{K}\mathcal{L}\mathcal{M}\mathcal{N}\mathcal{O}\mathcal{P}\mathcal{Q}\mathcal{R}$

\mathcal{STUVWXYZ}
$\mathcal{S}\mathcal{T}\mathcal{U}\mathcal{V}\mathcal{W}\mathcal{X}\mathcal{Y}\mathcal{Z}$

Fraktur 体

\mathfrak{ABCDEFGHI}
$\mathfrak{A}\mathfrak{B}\mathfrak{C}\mathfrak{D}\mathfrak{E}\mathfrak{F}\mathfrak{G}\mathfrak{H}\mathfrak{I}$

\mathfrak{JKLMNOPQR}
$\mathfrak{J}\mathfrak{K}\mathfrak{L}\mathfrak{M}\mathfrak{N}\mathfrak{O}\mathfrak{P}\mathfrak{Q}\mathfrak{R}$

\mathfrak{STUVWXYZ}
$\mathfrak{S}\mathfrak{T}\mathfrak{U}\mathfrak{V}\mathfrak{W}\mathfrak{X}\mathfrak{Y}\mathfrak{Z}$

\mathfrak{abcdefghijklm}
$\mathfrak{a}\mathfrak{b}\mathfrak{c}\mathfrak{d}\mathfrak{e}\mathfrak{f}\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{h}\mathfrak{i}\mathfrak{j}\mathfrak{k}\mathfrak{l}\mathfrak{m}$

\mathfrak{nopqrstuvwxyz}
$\mathfrak{n}\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{p}\mathfrak{q}\mathfrak{r}\mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{t}\mathfrak{u}\mathfrak{v}\mathfrak{w}\mathfrak{x}\mathfrak{y}\mathfrak{z}$

\mathfrak{0123456789}
$0123456789$

小型手写体

{\scriptstyle\text{abcdefghijklm}}
$\text{abcdefghijklm}$

混合字体

斜体字符

x y z
$xyz$

非斜体字符

\text{x y z}
$\text{x y z}$

混合斜体

\text{if }n\text{ is even}
$\text{if }n\text{ is even}$

注释文本

使用\text {文字}来添加注释文本（注释文本不会被识别为公式，不用斜体显示）。\text {文字}中仍可以使用$公式$插入其它公式。

• 例子：

f(n)= \begin{cases}
n/2, & \text {if $n$ is even} \\
3n+1, &\text{if $n$ is odd}
\end{cases}

• 显示：
  $$f(n)=\{\begin{array}{ll}n/2,& \text{if n is even}\\ 3n+1,& \text{if n is odd}\end{array}$$

括号

短括号

\frac{1}{2}
$\frac{1}{2}$

长括号

\left(\frac{1}{2} \right)
$\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)$

圆括号，小括号

\left( \frac{a}{b} \right)
$\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)$

方括号，中括号

\left[ \frac{a}{b} \right]
$\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]$

花括号，大括号

\{ \frac{a}{b} \}
{ a b } \{ \frac{a}{b} \} {ba​}

角括号

\left \langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle
$⟨\frac{a}{b}⟩$

单竖线，绝对值

\left| \frac{a}{b} \right|
$\left|\frac{a}{b}\right|$

双竖线，范式

\left \| \frac{a}{b} \right \|
$\Vert \frac{a}{b}\Vert$

取整函数

\left \lfloor \frac{a}{b} \right \rfloor
$\lfloor \frac{a}{b}\rfloor$

取顶函数

\left \lceil \frac{c}{d} \right \rceil
$\lceil \frac{c}{d}\rceil$

斜线与反斜线

\left / \frac{a}{b} \right \backslash
$/\frac{a}{b}\backslash$

上下箭头

\left \uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \downarrow
$\uparrow \frac{a}{b}\downarrow$

\left \Uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \Downarrow
$\Uparrow \frac{a}{b}\Downarrow$

\left \updownarrow \frac{a}{b} \right \Updownarrow
$\updownarrow \frac{a}{b}\Updownarrow$

混合括号

\left[ 0,1 \right)
$\left[0,1\right)$

单左括号

\left \{\frac{a}{b} \right.
$\{\frac{a}{b}$

单右括号

\left. \frac{a}{b} \right \}
$\frac{a}{b}\}$

多层括号

\Bigg ( \bigg [ \Big \{ \big \langle \left | \| \frac{a}{b} \| \right | \big \rangle \Big \} \bigg ] \Bigg )
$\left(\right[\{⟨\left|\Vert \frac{a}{b}\Vert \right|⟩\}\left]\right)$

空格

2 个 quad 空格

\alpha\qquad\beta
$\alpha \beta$

quad 空格

\alpha\quad\beta
$\alpha \beta$

大空格

\alpha\ \beta
$\alpha \beta$

中等空格

\alpha\;\beta
$\alpha \beta$

小空格

\alpha\,\beta
$\alpha \beta$

没有空格

\alpha\beta
$\alpha \beta$

紧贴

\alpha\!\beta
$\alpha \beta$

颜色

使用 \color{颜色}{文字}来更改特定的文字颜色。
更改文字颜色 需要浏览器支持 ，如果浏览器不知道你所需的颜色，那么文字将被渲染为黑色。

输入 \color {#rgb} {text}来自定义更多的颜色，其中#rgb的 r g b可输入0-9和 a-f来表示红色、绿色和蓝色的纯度（饱和度）。

• 例子：

\begin{array}{|rrrrrrrr|}\hline
\verb+#000+ & \color{#000}{text} & & &
\verb+#00F+ & \color{#00F}{text} & & \\
& & \verb+#0F0+ & \color{#0F0}{text} &
& & \verb+#0FF+ & \color{#0FF}{text}\\
\verb+#F00+ & \color{#F00}{text} & & &
\verb+#F0F+ & \color{#F0F}{text} & & \\
& & \verb+#FF0+ & \color{#FF0}{text} &
& & \verb+#FFF+ & \color{#FFF}{text}\\
\hline
\end{array}

• 显示：
  $$\begin{array}{rrrrrrrr}\text{\#000}& text& & & \text{\#00F}& text& & \\ & & \text{\#0F0}& text& & & \text{\#0FF}& text\\ \text{\#F00}& text& & & \text{\#F0F}& text& & \\ & & \text{\#FF0}& text& & & \text{\#FFF}& text\end{array}$$

• 例子：

\begin{array}{|rrrrrrrr|}
\hline
\verb+#000+ & \color{#000}{text} & \verb+#005+ & \color{#005}{text} & \verb+#00A+ & \color{#00A}{text} & \verb+#00F+ & \color{#00F}{text}  \\
\verb+#500+ & \color{#500}{text} & \verb+#505+ & \color{#505}{text} & \verb+#50A+ & \color{#50A}{text} & \verb+#50F+ & \color{#50F}{text}  \\
\verb+#A00+ & \color{#A00}{text} & \verb+#A05+ & \color{#A05}{text} & \verb+#A0A+ & \color{#A0A}{text} & \verb+#A0F+ & \color{#A0F}{text}  \\
\verb+#F00+ & \color{#F00}{text} & \verb+#F05+ & \color{#F05}{text} & \verb+#F0A+ & \color{#F0A}{text} & \verb+#F0F+ & \color{#F0F}{text}  \\
\hline
\verb+#080+ & \color{#080}{text} & \verb+#085+ & \color{#085}{text} & \verb+#08A+ & \color{#08A}{text} & \verb+#08F+ & \color{#08F}{text}  \\
\verb+#580+ & \color{#580}{text} & \verb+#585+ & \color{#585}{text} & \verb+#58A+ & \color{#58A}{text} & \verb+#58F+ & \color{#58F}{text}  \\
\verb+#A80+ & \color{#A80}{text} & \verb+#A85+ & \color{#A85}{text} & \verb+#A8A+ & \color{#A8A}{text} & \verb+#A8F+ & \color{#A8F}{text}  \\
\verb+#F80+ & \color{#F80}{text} & \verb+#F85+ & \color{#F85}{text} & \verb+#F8A+ & \color{#F8A}{text} & \verb+#F8F+ & \color{#F8F}{text}  \\
\hline
\verb+#0F0+ & \color{#0F0}{text} & \verb+#0F5+ & \color{#0F5}{text} & \verb+#0FA+ & \color{#0FA}{text} & \verb+#0FF+ & \color{#0FF}{text}  \\
\verb+#5F0+ & \color{#5F0}{text} & \verb+#5F5+ & \color{#5F5}{text} & \verb+#5FA+ & \color{#5FA}{text} & \verb+#5FF+ & \color{#5FF}{text}  \\
\verb+#AF0+ & \color{#AF0}{text} & \verb+#AF5+ & \color{#AF5}{text} & \verb+#AFA+ & \color{#AFA}{text} & \verb+#AFF+ & \color{#AFF}{text}  \\
\verb+#FF0+ & \color{#FF0}{text} & \verb+#FF5+ & \color{#FF5}{text} & \verb+#FFA+ & \color{#FFA}{text} & \verb+#FFF+ & \color{#FFF}{text}  \\
\hline
\end{array}

• 显示：

$$\begin{array}{rrrrrrrr}\text{\#000}& text& \text{\#005}& text& \text{\#00A}& text& \text{\#00F}& text\\ \text{\#500}& text& \text{\#505}& text& \text{\#50A}& text& \text{\#50F}& text\\ \text{\#A00}& text& \text{\#A05}& text& \text{\#A0A}& text& \text{\#A0F}& text\\ \text{\#F00}& text& \text{\#F05}& text& \text{\#F0A}& text& \text{\#F0F}& text\\ \text{\#080}& text& \text{\#085}& text& \text{\#08A}& text& \text{\#08F}& text\\ \text{\#580}& text& \text{\#585}& text& \text{\#58A}& text& \text{\#58F}& text\\ \text{\#A80}& text& \text{\#A85}& text& \text{\#A8A}& text& \text{\#A8F}& text\\ \text{\#F80}& text& \text{\#F85}& text& \text{\#F8A}& text& \text{\#F8F}& text\\ \text{\#0F0}& text& \text{\#0F5}& text& \text{\#0FA}& text& \text{\#0FF}& text\\ \text{\#5F0}& text& \text{\#5F5}& text& \text{\#5FA}& text& \text{\#5FF}& text\\ \text{\#AF0}& text& \text{\#AF5}& text& \text{\#AFA}& text& \text{\#AFF}& text\\ \text{\#FF0}& text& \text{\#FF5}& text& \text{\#FFA}& text& \text{\#FFF}& text\end{array}$$

{\color{Red}abc}
$abc$

\color{Red}{abc}
$abc$

{\color{Blue}x^2}+{\color{Brown}2x} - {\color{OliveGreen}1}
$x^2+2x-1$

x_{\color{Maroon}1,2}=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{{\color{Maroon}b^2-4ac}}}{2a}
$x_{1,2}=\frac{-b\pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}$

本文转载自：https://www.cnblogs.com/1024th/p/11623258.html