mysql 学习记录（三）--字段

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-07 04:24:33 发布
最新推荐文章于 2021-02-07 04:24:33 发布
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分类专栏： mysql mysql学习 文章标签： mysql
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/bwshqh/article/details/48878077
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1.填充字段
mysql> create database test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> use test1;
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(id1 int,id2 int(5));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values(1,1);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| id1  | id2  |
+------+------+
|    1 |    1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table t1 modify id1 int zerofill;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> alter table t1 modify id2 int(5) zerofill;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t1;
+------------+-------+
| id1        | id2   |
+------------+-------+
| 0000000001 | 00001 |
+------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values(1,1111111);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------------+---------+
| id1        | id2     |
+------------+---------+
| 0000000001 |   00001 |
| 0000000001 | 1111111 |
+------------+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.自增长字段的建立
mysql> create table ai1(id int auto_increment not null primary key);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> create table ai2(id int auto_increment not null,primary key(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> create table ai3(id int auto_increment not null,unique(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

3.带小数的字段设置
mysql> alter table t1 rename t1_test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> desc t1_test;
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type                      | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id1   | int(10) unsigned zerofill | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| id2   | int(5) unsigned zerofill  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table t1( id1 float(5,2) default null, id2 double(5,2) default null, id3 decimal(5,2) default null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values(1.23,1.23,1.23);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+------+
| id1  | id2  | id3  |
+------+------+------+
| 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
+------+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values(1.234,1.234,1.23);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+------+
| id1  | id2  | id3  |
+------+------+------+
| 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
| 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
+------+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values(1.234,1.234,1.234);
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+------+
| id1  | id2  | id3  |
+------+------+------+
| 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
| 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
| 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
+------+------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show warnings;

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+------+
| id1  | id2  | id3  |
+------+------+------+
| 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
| 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
| 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
+------+------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table t1 modify id1 float;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> alter table t1 modify id2 double;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> alter table t1 modify id3 decimal;
Query OK, 3 rows affected, 3 warnings (0.04 sec)
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 3

mysql> insert into t1 values(1.234,1.234,1.234);
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> show warnings;
+-------+------+------------------------------------------+
| Level | Code | Message                                  |
+-------+------+------------------------------------------+
| Note  | 1265 | Data truncated for column 'id3' at row 1 |
+-------+------+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+-------+-------+------+
| id1   | id2   | id3  |
+-------+-------+------+
|  1.23 |  1.23 |    1 |
|  1.23 |  1.23 |    1 |
|  1.23 |  1.23 |    1 |
| 1.234 | 1.234 |    1 |
+-------+-------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table t2(id bit(1));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> desc t2;
+-------+--------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type   | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | bit(1) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+--------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t2 values(1);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select bin(id),hex(id) from t2;
+---------+---------+
| bin(id) | hex(id) |
+---------+---------+
| 1       | 1       |
+---------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t2 values(2);
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------+
| Level   | Code | Message                                     |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1264 | Out of range value for column 'id' at row 1 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table t2 modify id bit(2);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> insert into t2 values(2);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select bin(id),hex(id) from t2;
+---------+---------+
| bin(id) | hex(id) |
+---------+---------+
| 1       | 1       |
| 1       | 1       |
| 10      | 2       |
+---------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table t(d date,t time ,dt datetime);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> desc t;
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| d     | date     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| t     | time     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| dt    | datetime | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4.与时间有关的字段设置
mysql> insert into t values(now(),now(),now());
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t;
+------------+----------+---------------------+
| d          | t        | dt                  |
+------------+----------+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 | 06:04:42 | 2015-10-02 06:04:42 |
+------------+----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table t rename t_test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> create table t(id1 timestamp);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> desc t;
+-------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+
| Field | Type      | Null | Key | Default           | Extra                       |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+
| id1   | timestamp | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t values(null);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t;
+---------------------+
| id1                 |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 06:05:20 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table t add id2 timestamp;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> show create table t \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: t
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t` (
  `id1` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `id2` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

mysql> create table t8( id1 timestamp not null default current_timestamp, id2 datetime default null );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> show variables like 'time_zone';
+---------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value  |
+---------------+--------+
| time_zone     | SYSTEM |
+---------------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t8 ;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t8 values(now(),now());
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t8;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| id1                 | id2                 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 06:07:16 | 2015-10-02 06:07:16 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set time_zone='+9:00';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t8;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| id1                 | id2                 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 22:07:16 | 2015-10-02 06:07:16 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc t8;
+-------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
| Field | Type      | Null | Key | Default           | Extra |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
| id1   | timestamp | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |       |
| id2   | datetime  | YES  |     | NULL              |       |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc t;
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| Field | Type      | Null | Key | Default             | Extra                       |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| id1   | timestamp | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP   | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
| id2   | timestamp | NO   |     | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |                             |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t(id1) values('19700101080001');
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| id1                 | id2                 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 22:05:20 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t(id1) values(19700101080001);
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| id1                 | id2                 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 22:05:20 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t(id1) values(19700101080000);
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| id1                 | id2                 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 22:05:20 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show warnings;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc t1;
+-------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type          | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id1   | float         | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| id2   | double        | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| id3   | decimal(10,0) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> desc t;
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| Field | Type      | Null | Key | Default             | Extra                       |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| id1   | timestamp | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP   | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
| id2   | timestamp | NO   |     | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |                             |
+-------+-----------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t(id1) value('2038-01-19 11:14:07');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| id1                 | id2                 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 22:05:20 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2038-01-19 11:14:07 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t(id1) value('2038-01-19 11:14:08');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from t;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| id1                 | id2                 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 22:05:20 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2038-01-19 11:14:07 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2038-01-19 11:14:08 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t(id1) value('2097-01-19 11:14:08');
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| id1                 | id2                 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2015-10-02 22:05:20 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2038-01-19 11:14:07 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2038-01-19 11:14:08 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table t rename t_date;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> create table t(y year);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> desc t;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type    | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| y     | year(4) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t values(2100);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from t;
+------+
| y    |
+------+
| 2100 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table t6(dt datetime);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into t6 values('2007-9-3 12:10:10');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t6 values('2007/9/3 12+10+10');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t6 values('20070903121010');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into t6 values(20070903121010);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t6;
+---------------------+
| dt                  |
+---------------------+
| 2007-09-03 12:10:10 |
| 2007-09-03 12:10:10 |
| 2007-09-03 12:10:10 |
| 2007-09-03 12:10:10 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

5.varchar与char字段的长度
mysql> create table vc(v varchar(4),c char(4));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into vc values('ab ','ab     ');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select length(v),length(c) from vc;
+-----------+-----------+
| length(v) | length(c) |
+-----------+-----------+
|         3 |         2 |
+-----------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select concat(v,'+'),concat(c,'+') from vc;
+---------------+---------------+
| concat(v,'+') | concat(c,'+') |
+---------------+---------------+
| ab +          | ab+           |
+---------------+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop table t;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> create table t (c binary(3));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into t set c='a';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select *,hex(c),c='a',c='a\0',c='a\0\0' from t;
+------+--------+-------+---------+-----------+
| c    | hex(c) | c='a' | c='a\0' | c='a\0\0' |
+------+--------+-------+---------+-----------+
| a    | 610000 |     0 |       0 |         1 |
+------+--------+-------+---------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table t rename t_binary;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

6.枚举型字段
mysql> create table t(gender enum('M','F'));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into t values('m'),('1'),('f'),(null);
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 4  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t;
+--------+
| gender |
+--------+
| M      |
| M      |
| F      |
| NULL   |
+--------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> alter table t rename t_enum;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

7.set类型字段设置
mysql> create table t(col set ('a','b','c','d' ));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> insert into t value('a,b'),('a,d,a'),('a,b'),('a,c'),('a');
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 5  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t;
+------+
| col  |
+------+
| a,b  |
| a,d  |
| a,b  |
| a,c  |
| a    |
+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)


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在图书管理系统中，图书表和借阅记录表的`id`字段就是典型的自增长主键。 5. **索引设计** - 索引是数据库中用于加速数据检索的特殊数据结构。通过为常用查询字段添加索引，可以显著提高查询效率。但是，过多的...
mysql-connector-java-8.0.26.rar
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4. **处理结果集**：从 `ResultSet` 中读取查询结果，包括遍历记录、获取字段值等。 5. **事务管理**：了解如何开始、提交和回滚事务，以确保数据的一致性。 6. **连接池**：使用连接池（如 C3P0 或 HikariCP）提高...
打印出来是Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970的原因？？？
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打印出来是Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970,而是不是Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 CST 1970原因？？？ 打印出来的时间是8点而非0点，原因是存在系统时间和本地时间的问题，其实系统时间依然是0点，只不过我的电脑时区设置为东8区，故打印的结果是8点。 CST - 中国标准时间：China Standard Time UT+8:00 格林威治时间 (GMT) ...
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sessionA: test>begin -> ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)test>select * from tt where id_test=1234 lock in share mode; +—-+———+ | id | id_test | +—-+———+ | 4 | 1234 | +—-+———+ 1 ro
mysql中日期时间戳timestamp使用小结
feinifi的博客
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timestamp时间戳类型在mysql数据库中比较常见，但是我们很容易忽视它的一些特征，这个我在面试中吃过亏，这里对他的一些用法和特点补充一下。也给让自己加深印象。一般来说，我们使用日期类型，一般采用date，或者datetime，也有time类型。 下面大致说明一下timestamp与datetime的区别： 1、他们都可以表示日期时间，默认格式都是"YYYY-M...
python判断今天周几_如何用python判断今天是星期几
weixin_39615419的博客
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本文利用Python计算今天日期、明天日期、和昨天日期的相关方法，及获取当前日期是星期几。python编程操作日期时间主要用到的python模块是datetime和time这2个模块获取星期几from datetime import datetime, datedayOfWeek = datetime.now().weekday()print(dayOfWeek)dayOfWeek = datet...
mysql主从错误总结
零零喵的博客
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转自：http://blog.51cto.com/loose/1224564 1 、出现错误提示 Slave I/O: error connecting to master ‘backup@192.168.0.x:3306’ -retry-time: 60 retries: 86400,Error_code: 1045 解决方法: 从服务器上删除掉所有的二进制日志文件，包括一个数据目录下的mas...
MySQL详解－－锁
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锁是计算机协调多个进程或线程并发访问某一资源的机制。在数据库中，除传统的计算资源（如CPU、RAM、I/O等）的争用以外，数据也是一种供许多用户共享的资源。如何保证数据并发访问的一致性、有效性是所有数据库必须解决的一个问题，锁冲突也是影响数据库并发访问性能的一个重要因素。从这个角度来说，锁对数据库而言显得尤其重要，也更加复杂。本章我们着重讨论MySQL锁机制的特点，常见的锁问题，以及解决MySQL
mysql 0.00 sec_MySQL InnoDB隔离级别
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mysql支持的数据类型 阅读目录 　　数值类型 　　日期时间类型 　　字符串类型 　　ENUM和SET类型 返回顶部 数值类型 MySQL支持所有标准SQL数值数据类型。 这些类型包括严格数值数据类型(INTEGER、SMALLINT、DECIMAL和NUMERIC)，以及近似数值数据类型(FLOAT、REAL和DOUBLE PRECISIO...
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MySQL学习笔记：从基础到高级
"一千行+MySQL+学习笔记.pdf" MySQL是一种广泛应用的关系型数据库管理系统（RDBMS），它以其高效、稳定和易用性受到广大开发者的青睐。这份学习笔记涵盖了MySQL的多个关键知识点，包括基本的SQL语句、索引、数据...
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