iOS网络通信类库用AFNetworking替换ASHttpRequest的解决方案

一、AFNetworking替换ASHttpRequest原因
经过近两年开发IOS使用AFNetworking和ASIHttpRequest的经验，结合在实际开发App的遇到网络问题

和线上app用户反馈及在用测试工具开发测试中的反应情况，最后得出结论AFNetworking的优点相对ASIHttpReqeuest的优点大一些，尤其在网络稳定性方面。处理crash这些情况，下面通过两者详细的优缺点比较了解 一下，为什么把ASIHttpRequest给替换成了ASNetworking。

二、AFNetworking的优缺点
优点:
        维护和使用者相对多
        对ARC的支持
        对Block使用的支持非常好
        维护和使用者相对多(目前已到2.4.1版)
       专门对异步请求的支持
       支持基于url缓存的支持
       图片及NSURLCache、AFCache缓存实用
       支持后台下载，缓存离线请求的支持(SDURLCache)
       对JSON支持好
      对实现的http请求比较容易
      对https的支持

缺点:
      是基于Foundation框架的NSURLConnection对网络进行的封装不是用的低层的
CFNetwork进行的封装扩展的功能目前相对少一些，但在Http上的网络支持已足够

ASIHttpRequest：

优点:
        对网络底层CFNetwork支持，在性能上占优
        对代理proxy支持设置比较方便
        支持离线下载和基于url的缓存
        对https的支持
        对实现的http请求方面实现的不是太好，会多写点代码
        支持异步和同步的支持

缺点:
       在2012年社区已停止更新
       对目前最新版本IOS7和8上使用时会有些问题，特别是网络异步请求多时，多线程使用时经常出现时容易出现网络不稳定的问题。
       对ARC支持不好，不支持苹果推荐给我们使用的ARC性能
       对Block不够好，框架代码在多线程方面用的不好
       ASI框架在面向对象方面不够抽象
       接口和实现代码看着过于庞大，里面过程化的实现比较严重不利于扩展和维护

三、在代码实现仅用GET请求来做一下AFNetworking和ASIHttpRequest的比较：

/** 
 * AFNetworking初始化HTTP 
 */  
- (void)httpInit  
{  
    //应用配置文件  
    self.manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];  
      
    //申明返回的结果是JSON类型  
    self.manager.responseSerializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];  
      
    //如果报接受类型不一致请替换一致text/html  
    self.manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = [NSSet setWithObject:@"text/html"];  
      
    //清求时间设置  
    self.manager.requestSerializer.timeoutInterval = 30;  
      
    //设置代理  
    //[self setProxy];  
      
    //添加header头信息  
    [self addRequestHeader];  
}  
  
/** 
 * AFNetworking发送get请求 
 */  
- (void)startGet:(NSString*)uri tag:(NSInteger)tag  
{  
    [self httpInit];  
      
    [self.manager GET:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",self.baseUrl,uri] parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {  
          
        [self requestFinished:responseObject tag:tag];  
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {  
  
        [self requestFailed:tag];  
    }];  
}  

  
/** 
 * ASIHttpRequest初始化HTTP 
 */  
-(void)httpInit:(NSString *)method uri:(NSString *)uri  
{  
    //应用配置文件  
    [self setRes:[ASIFormDataRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",self.baseUrl,uri]]]];  
  
    //设置代理  
    if (self.host != nil) {  
        [self.res setProxyHost:self.host];  
    }  
      
    if (self.port > 0) {  
        [self.res setProxyPort:self.port];  
    }  
    //设置代理  
    [self.res setDelegate:self];  
      
    //设置允许记录cookie  
    [self.res setUseCookiePersistence:YES];  
      
    //超时设置  
    [self.res setTimeOutSeconds:30];  
      
    //请求方式  
    [self.res setRequestMethod:method];  
}  
  
/** 
 * ASIHttpRequest发送get请求 
 */  
- (void)startGet:(NSString*)uri tag:(NSInteger)tag{  
  
    [self cancel];//取消前一个请求  
    [self httpInit:@"GET" uri:uri];  
    [self.res setTag:tag];  
    [self.res startAsynchronous];  
}  

四、AFNetworking在Model层对app的网络请求的封装实现过的代码:
initData.h

//
//  InitData.h
//
//  Created by ligangming on 14-1-2.
//  Copyright (c) 2014年 ligangming. All rights reserved.
//

#define DEFAULT_PAGESIZE 20 //默认分页数量

/**
 请求完成处理
*/
typedef void (^Complete)();

/**
 请求失败处理
*/
typedef void (^Failed)(NSString *state,NSString *errmsg);

/**
数据请求模型的基类，包含基本网络请求
*/
@interface InitData : NSObject{

@protected

    Complete _complete; //请求完成
    Failed   _failed;   //请求失败
}

//HTTP参数设置
@property(nonatomic,strong)NSString         *baseUrl;       //API基础地址
@property(nonatomic,strong)NSString         *host;          //代理主机IP地址
@property(nonatomic,assign)NSInteger        port;           //代理主机端口

@property(nonatomic,strong)NSString         *errCode;       //错误代码
@property(nonatomic,strong)NSString         *errMsg;        //错误描述
@property(nonatomic,strong)NSString         *version;       //协议版本(客户端兼容最小版本)

- (id)initWithDelegate:(id)delegate;
/**
 * 发送get请求
 */
- (void)startGet:(NSString*)url tag:(NSInteger)tag;

/**
 * 发送getCache请求
 */
- (void)startCache:(NSString *)aCacheName cacheTime:(NSInteger)aTime uri:(NSString *)uri tag:(NSInteger)tag;

/**
 * 发送post请求
 */
- (void)startPost:(NSString*)url params:(NSDictionary*)params tag:(NSInteger)tag;

/**
 * 上传文件
 */
- (void)uploadFileURI:(NSString*)aUri filePath:(NSString*)aPath keyName:(NSString *)aKeyName;

/**
 * 取消请求
 */
- (void)cancel;
@end

#pragma mark delegate
@protocol InitDataDelegate <NSObject>
@optional
/**
 请求完成时-调用
 */
-(void)getFinished:(NSDictionary *)msg tag:(NSInteger)tag;

/**
 请求失败时-调用
 */
-(void)getError:(NSDictionary *)msg tag:(NSInteger)tag;

@end

initData.m

//
//  InitData.m
//
//  Created by ligangming on 14-1-2.
//  Copyright (c) 2014年 ligangming. All rights reserved.
//

#import "InitData.h"
#import "AFNetworking.h"

Class object_getClass(id object);

@interface InitData()
{
    Class afOrinClass;
}

@property(nonatomic,strong)AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager; //AF请求对象
@property(nonatomic,weak)id<InitDataDelegate> delegate;
@end

@implementation InitData

#pragma mark initData
- (id)initWithDelegate:(id)delegate
{
    if ((self = [super init])) {
        afOrinClass = object_getClass(delegate);
        [self setDelegate:delegate];
        [self setDefault];
    }
    
    return self;
}

/**
 * 初始化设置
 */
- (void)setDefault
{
    //载入系统配置
    NSDictionary *cfgDic = [NSObject JzbGetConfig];
    
    //API地址
    [self setBaseUrl:[cfgDic objectForKey:@"apiUrl"]];
    
    //代理HOST
    if (![[cfgDic objectForKey:@"apiHost"] isEqualToString:@""]) {
        
        [self setHost:[cfgDic objectForKey:@"apiHost"]];
        
        //重置API地址(测试用)
        [self setBaseUrl:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://%@", self.host]];
    }else{
        [self setHost:nil];
    }
 
    //代理port
    [self setPort:[[cfgDic objectForKey:@"apiPort"] intValue]];
}

#pragma mark httpMode
/**
 * 初始化HTTP
 */
- (void)httpInit
{
    //应用配置文件
    self.manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];
    
    //申明返回的结果是JSON类型
    self.manager.responseSerializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];
    
    //如果报接受类型不一致请替换一致text/html
    self.manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = [NSSet setWithObject:@"text/html"];
    
    //清求时间设置
    self.manager.requestSerializer.timeoutInterval = 30;
    
    //设置代理
    //[self setProxy];
    
    //添加header头信息
    [self addRequestHeader];
}

/**
 * 添加header头信息
 */
- (void)addRequestHeader
{
    //当前应用版块号
    
    //应用类型IOS
    
    //当前应用
    [self.manager.requestSerializer setValue:@"xxx" forHTTPHeaderField:@"TOKEN"];
}

/**
 * 发送get请求
 */
- (void)startGet:(NSString*)uri tag:(NSInteger)tag
{
    [self httpInit];
    
    [self.manager GET:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",self.baseUrl,uri] parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        
        [self requestFinished:responseObject tag:tag];
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {

        [self requestFailed:tag];
    }];
}

- (AFHTTPRequestOperation *)cacheOperationWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)urlRequest
                                                  tag:(NSInteger)tag
                                              success:(void (^)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject))success
                                              failure:(void (^)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error))failure
{    
    AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [self.manager HTTPRequestOperationWithRequest:urlRequest success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject){
        
        NSCachedURLResponse *cachedURLResponse = [[NSURLCache sharedURLCache] cachedResponseForRequest:urlRequest];
        cachedURLResponse = [[NSCachedURLResponse alloc] initWithResponse:operation.response data:operation.responseData userInfo:nil storagePolicy:NSURLCacheStorageAllowed];
        [[NSURLCache sharedURLCache] storeCachedResponse:cachedURLResponse forRequest:urlRequest];
        
        success(operation,responseObject);
    }failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        
        if (error.code == kCFURLErrorNotConnectedToInternet) {
            NSCachedURLResponse *cachedResponse = [[NSURLCache sharedURLCache] cachedResponseForRequest:urlRequest];
            if (cachedResponse != nil && [[cachedResponse data] length] > 0) {
                success(operation, cachedResponse.data);
            } else {
                failure(operation, error);
            }
        } else {
            failure(operation, error);
        }
    }];
    
    return operation;
}

/**
 * 发送getCache请求
 */
- (void)startCache:(NSString *)aCacheName cacheTime:(NSInteger)aTime uri:(NSString *)uri tag:(NSInteger)tag
{
    [self httpInit];
    
    AFHTTPRequestSerializer *serializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer];
    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [serializer requestWithMethod:@"GET" URLString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",self.baseUrl,uri] parameters:nil error:nil];
    
    [request setTimeoutInterval:20];
    [request setCachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy]; //此处将NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataElseLoad替换要不然无论有无网络情况每次请求都会取本地缓存数据
    
    //请求成功Block块
    void (^requestSuccessBlock)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) = ^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        
        [self requestFinished:responseObject tag:tag];
    };
    
    //请求失败Block块
    void (^requestFailureBlock)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) = ^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error){
        
        [self requestFailed:tag];
    };
    
    //请求数据
    AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [self cacheOperationWithRequest:request tag:tag success:requestSuccessBlock failure:requestFailureBlock];
    [self.manager.operationQueue addOperation:operation];
}

/** 
 * 获取缓存数据
 */
- (id)cachedResponseObject:(AFHTTPRequestOperation *)operation{
    
    NSCachedURLResponse* cachedResponse = [[NSURLCache sharedURLCache] cachedResponseForRequest:operation.request];
    AFHTTPResponseSerializer* serializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];
    id responseObject = [serializer responseObjectForResponse:cachedResponse.response data:cachedResponse.data error:nil];
    return responseObject;
}

/**
 * 发送post请求
 */
- (void)startPost:(NSString*)uri params:(NSDictionary*)params tag:(NSInteger)tag
{
    [self httpInit];
    
    [self.manager POST:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",self.baseUrl,uri] parameters:params success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
        
        [self requestFinished:responseObject tag:tag];
    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    
        [self requestFailed:tag];
    }];
}

/**
 * 上传文件
 */
- (void)uploadFileURI:(NSString *)aUri filePath:(NSString *)aPath keyName:(NSString *)aKeyName
{
    [self httpInit];
    
    [self.manager POST:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",self.baseUrl,aUri]  parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
        
        NSData *imageData = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:aPath];
        
        //获取文件类型
        NSMutableString *filePath = [NSMutableString stringWithString:aPath];
        CFStringRef UTI = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, (__bridge CFStringRef)[filePath pathExtension], NULL);
        CFStringRef MIMEType = UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass (UTI, kUTTagClassMIMEType);
        
        NSString *fileName = [filePath lastPathComponent];
        
        //将得到的二进制图片拼接到表单中 /** data,指定上传的二进制流;name,服务器端所需参数名;fileName,指定文件名;mimeType,指定文件格式 */
        [formData appendPartWithFileData:imageData name:aKeyName fileName:fileName mimeType:(__bridge NSString *)(MIMEType)];
        
    }success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject){
        
        [self requestFinished:responseObject tag:200];
        
    }failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
        
    }];    
    
    /*
     /设置上传操作的进度
     
     [operation setUploadProgressBlock:^(NSUInteger bytesWritten, long long totalBytesWritten, long long totalBytesExpectedToWrite) {
     
        NSLog(@"Sent %lld of %lld bytes", totalBytesWritten, totalBytesExpectedToWrite);
     }];
     
     UIProgressView *progress = [[UIProgressView alloc] initWithProgressViewStyle:UIProgressViewStyleDefault];
     
     [progress setProgressWithUploadProgressOfOperation:operation animated:YES];
     
     [progress setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 130, 320, 30)];
     
     [self.view addSubview:progress];
    */
    //[operation start];
}

/**
 停止请求
 */
- (void)cancel
{
    if (_manager != nil) {
        _manager = nil;
    }
}

/**
 * 清理回调block
 */
- (void)cleanupBlocks
{
    _complete = nil;
    _failed = nil;
}

/*
解析通用协议头:
1.检查协议体合法性
2.协议版本检查，执行协议版本客户端处理逻辑

返回值：BOOL 通过解析检查返回YES,否则 NO
对于没有通过检查的协议消息，返回客户端协议错误的消息，或者版本不支持的错误
*/
- (BOOL)parseHead:(NSDictionary*)msg
{
    //错误代码解析
    //错误描述
    //版本提取，客户端版本规则逻辑执行
    
    return YES;
}

#pragma mark AFHTTPDelegate
/**
 * 代理-请求结束
 */
- (void)requestFinished:(NSDictionary *)aDictionary tag:(NSInteger)aTag
{
    //如果消息头解析成功并通过合法性检查
    if([self parseHead:aDictionary] == YES){

        if ([self.errCode intValue] <= 0) {
            
            if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(getFinished:tag:)]) {
                [self.delegate getFinished:aDictionary tag:aTag];
            }
        }else{
            if (_failed) {
                _failed(self.errCode,self.errMsg);
            }
            if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(getError:tag:)]) {
                [self.delegate getError:aDictionary tag:aTag];
            }
        }
    }
}

/**
 * 代理-请求失败
 */
- (void)requestFailed:(NSInteger)aTag
{
    if (afOrinClass != object_getClass(_delegate)) {
        NSLog(@"model已销毁");
        return;
    }
    
    if (_failed) {
        _failed(@"1",@"request error");
    }
    
    //检测如果有配置代理则去执行代理
    if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(getError:tag:)]) {
        NSDictionary *dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"1",@"errcode",@"request error",@"errmsg", nil];
        [self.delegate getError:dic tag:aTag];
    }
}

@end