《代码大全》表驱动法-Table Driven Approach-2

package com.ljn.base;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormat;
import org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

/**
《代码大全》-表驱动法-消息打印
问题描述：
Suppose you’re writing a routine to print messages that are stored in a file. The file 
usually has about 500 messages, and each file has about 20 kinds of messages. The 
messages originally come from a buoy and give water temperature, the buoy’s location, and so on.
Each of the messages has several fields, and each message starts with a header that has 
an ID to let you know which of the 20 or sokinds of messages you’re dealing with.

书上对于这个问题的解法，我看得不是很明白，动手写了一下，就有了以下代码，基本达到目的：
 */
public class TableDriven2 {

    private static final Map<String, Message> messageMap;

    /**
     * 正如书上所说，“消息表”可以硬编码到程序中；也可以定义在配置文件里，程序初始化时读取
     * 定义在配置文件的优点是，消息格式变动时，不需要改动java代码；缺点是要解析配置文件
     * 这里简单起见，只定义三种消息，且硬编码到程序中
     */
    static {
        messageMap = new HashMap<String, Message>();

        Message temperature = new Message("001", "Temperature Message");
        temperature.addField(new FloatField("Average Temperature"));
        temperature.addField(new IntegerField("Number of Samples"));
        temperature.addField(new StringField("Location"));
        temperature.addField(new DayField("Time of Measurement"));
        messageMap.put(temperature.getId(), temperature);

        Message drift = new Message("002", "Drift Message");
        drift.addField(new FloatField("Change in Latitude"));
        drift.addField(new FloatField("Change in Longtitude"));
        drift.addField(new DayField("Time of Measurement"));
        messageMap.put("002", drift);

        Message location = new Message("003", "Location Message");
        location.addField(new FloatField("Latitude"));
        location.addField(new FloatField("Longtitude"));
        location.addField(new IntegerField("Depth"));
        location.addField(new DayField("Time of Measurement"));
        messageMap.put(location.getId(), location);
    }

    //示例代码。实际开发中，还应该考虑很多细节，例如每行前后的空格要去掉，要检查每行的数据是否合法，等等
    public static void main(String[] args){
        FileInputStream fs = null;
        try {
            fs = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/lijinnan/Desktop/message.txt");
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fs));
            String line = null;
            boolean messageBegin = true;
            Message message = null;
            int fieldIndex = 0;
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                if (messageBegin) {
                    String messageId = line;
                    message = messageMap.get(messageId);
                    System.out.println("#" + message.getName() + "#");
                    messageBegin = false;
                    continue;
                }
                if (message != null && message.getFields() != null) {
                    if (fieldIndex < message.getFields().size()) {
                        Field curField = message.getFields().get(fieldIndex++);
                        curField.readAndPrint(line);
                    }
                    if (fieldIndex == message.getFields().size()) {
                        messageBegin = true;
                        fieldIndex =  0;
                        System.out.println();
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            //ignore for test
        } finally {
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(fs);
        }
    }

}


/*
定义消息字段的类型
只定义四种：FloatField IntegerField StringField DayField
当然这四种类型也可以定义为enum
 */

abstract class Field {
    private String label;
    public abstract void readAndPrint(String value);
    public Field(String label) {
        this.label = label;
    }
    public String getLabel() {
        return label;
    }
    public void setLabel(String label) {
        this.label = label;
    }
}

class FloatField extends Field {

    public FloatField(String label) {
        super(label);
    }

    /**
     * 假设浮点数输出的格式是保留两位小数点
     */
    @Override
    public void readAndPrint(String value) {
        float val = Float.parseFloat(value);
        String formattedValue = String.format("%.2f", val);
        System.out.println(getLabel() + ":" + formattedValue);
    }

}

class IntegerField extends Field {

    public IntegerField(String label) {
        super(label);
    }

    /**
     * 假设整数的输出格式为原样输出
     */
    @Override
    public void readAndPrint(String value) {
        System.out.println(getLabel() + ":" + value); 
    }

}

class StringField extends Field {

    public StringField(String label) {
        super(label);
    }

    /**
     * 假设字符串的输出格式为原样输出
     */
    @Override
    public void readAndPrint(String value) {
        System.out.println(getLabel() + ":" + value);
    }

}

class DayField extends Field {

    public DayField(String label) {
        super(label);
    }

    /**
     * 假设时间的输入格式是dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss
     * 输出格式是yyyy-MM-dd
     * 时间的处理用到了joda-time
     */
    @Override
    public void readAndPrint(String value) {
        DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormat.forPattern("dd/MM/yyyy HH:mm:ss");
        DateTime dt = formatter.parseDateTime(value);
        System.out.println(getLabel() + ":" + dt.toString("yyyy-MM-dd"));
    }

}


class Message {
    private String id;  //消息ID
    private String name;    //消息名
    private List<Field> fields; //消息字段

    public Message(String id, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public List<Field> getFields() {
        return Collections.unmodifiableList(fields);
    }
    public void addField(Field field) {
        if (fields == null) {
            fields = new ArrayList<Field>();
        }
        fields.add(field);
    }
}

/*
测试数据，message.txt的内容：
001
1.111
11
East 111
01/01/2011 11:11:11
001
1.010
10
West 001
11/11/2011 11:11:11
002
2.0
2.1
02/02/2012 22:22:22
003
3.0
3.123
3000
03/03/2013 23:33:33
002
22.0
22.1
22/02/2012 22:22:22
003
30.0
30.123
3000
13/03/2013 23:33:33

程序输出：

#Temperature Message#
Average Temperature:1.11
Number of Samples:11
Location:East 111
Time of Measurement:2011-01-01

#Temperature Message#
Average Temperature:1.01
Number of Samples:10
Location:West 001
Time of Measurement:2011-11-11

#Drift Message#
Change in Latitude:2.00
Change in Longtitude:2.10
Time of Measurement:2012-02-02

#Location Message#
Latitude:3.00
Longtitude:3.12
Depth:3000
Time of Measurement:2013-03-03

#Drift Message#
Change in Latitude:22.00
Change in Longtitude:22.10
Time of Measurement:2012-02-22

#Location Message#
Latitude:30.00
Longtitude:30.12
Depth:3000
Time of Measurement:2013-03-13


*/