Python 之ConfigParser

http://blog.csdn.net/sding/article/details/5189225

转载自：http://hi.baidu.com/myitlyj/blog/item/25586bd7088ba3dba044df6b.html  
在程序中使用配置文件来灵活的配置一些参数是一件很常见的事情，配置文件的解析并不复杂，在python里更是如此，在官方发布的库中就包含有做这件事情的库，那就是ConfigParser，这里简单的做一些介绍。  
    ConfigParser解析的配置文件的格式比较象ini的配置文件格式，就是文件中由多个section构成，每个section下又有多个配置项，比如：  
[db]  
db_host=127.0.0.1  
db_port=3306  
db_user=root  
db_pass=password  
[concurrent]  
thread=10  
processor=20  
    假设上面的配置文件的名字为test.conf。里面包含两个section,一个是db, 另一个是concurrent, db里面还包含有4项，concurrent里面有两项。这里来做做解析：  
#-*- encoding: gb2312 -*-  
import ConfigParser  
import string, os, sys  
cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()  
cf.read("test.conf")  
# 返回所有的section  
s = cf.sections()  
print 'section:', s  
o = cf.options("db")  
print 'options:', o  
v = cf.items("db")  
print 'db:', v  
print '-'*60  
#可以按照类型读取出来  
db_host = cf.get("db", "db_host")  
db_port = cf.getint("db", "db_port")  
db_user = cf.get("db", "db_user")  
db_pass = cf.get("db", "db_pass")  
# 返回的是整型的  
threads = cf.getint("concurrent", "thread")  
processors = cf.getint("concurrent", "processor")  
print "db_host:", db_host  
print "db_port:", db_port  
print "db_user:", db_user  
print "db_pass:", db_pass  
print "thread:", threads  
print "processor:", processors  
#修改一个值，再写回去  
cf.set("db", "db_pass", "zhaowei")  
cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))  

输出：

section: ['db', 'concurrent']
options: ['db_host', 'db_port', 'db_user', 'db_pass']
db: [('db_host', '127.0.0.1'), ('db_port', '3306'), ('db_user', 'root'), ('db_pass', 'password')]
------------------------------------------------------------
db_host: 127.0.0.1
db_port: 3306
db_user: root
db_pass: password
thread: 10
processor: 20