python2.7执行Linux系统命令

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-16844903-id-57786.html

1·os.system

举例：

1. In [34]: import os
   
2. 
   
3. In [35]: os.system('ls /home')
   
4. cacti nagios oracle roottest1 roottest2 test6 test7
   
5. Out[35]: 0

优点：直接显示命令的输出和返回值

2·os.popen

举例：

1. In [36]: os.popen('ls /home')
   
2. Out[36]: <open file 'ls /home', mode 'r' at 0xeacf60>
   
3. 
   
4. In [37]: os.popen('ls /home').read()
   
5. Out[37]: 'cacti\nnagios\noracle\nroottest1\nroottest2\ntest6\ntest7\n'
   
6. 
   
7. In [38]: file_tmp = os.popen('ls /home')
   
8. 
   
9. In [39]: for i in file_tmp:
   
10.    ....: print i
    
11.    ....:
    
12.    ....:
    
13. cacti
    
14. 
    
15. nagios
    
16. 
    
17. oracle
    
18. 
    
19. roottest1
    
20. 
    
21. roottest2
    
22. 
    
23. test6
    
24. 
    
25. test7

优点：可以将命令的输出保存在变量中，然后以多种方式展示出来

3·commands.getstatusoutput

举例：

1. In [40]: import commands
   
2. 
   
3. In [41]: (status, output) = commands.getstatusoutput('ls /home')
   
4. 
   
5. In [42]: print status
   
6. 0
   
7. 
   
8. In [43]: print output
   
9. cacti
   
10. nagios
    
11. oracle
    
12. roottest1
    
13. roottest2
    
14. test6
    
15. test7
    
16. 
    
17. In [44]: commands.getstatusoutput('ls /home')
    
18. Out[44]: (0, 'cacti\nnagios\noracle\nroottest1\nroottest2\ntest6\ntest7')

优点：命令输出和返回值分开显示
help资料
FUNCTIONS
    getoutput(cmd)
        Return output (stdout or stderr) of executing cmd in a shell.
   
    getstatus(file)
        Return output of "ls -ld <file>" in a string.
   
    getstatusoutput(cmd)
        Return (status, output) of executing cmd in a shell.

In [45]: commands.getoutput('ls /home') 
Out[45]: 'cacti\nnagios\noracle\nroottest1\nroottest2\ntest6\ntest7'
In [48]: commands.getstatus('/bin/ls')
Out[48]: '-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 91240 2010-03-01 /bin/ls'