职责链模式:使多个对象都有机会处理请求,从而避免请求的发送者和接收者之间的耦合关系。将这个对象连成一条链,并沿着这条链传递该请求,直到有一个对象处理它为止。
Handler类,定义一个处理请求的接口。
public abstract class Handler {
protected Handler handler;
public Handler(Handler handler) {
super();
this.handler = handler;
}
public abstract void handle(int request);
}
ConcreteHandler类,具体处理者类,处理它所负责的请求,可访问它的后继者,如果可处理该请求就处理,否则将请求转发给它的后继者。
public class ConcreteHandler1 extends Handler {
public ConcreteHandler1(Handler handler) {
super(handler);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
@Override
public void handle(int request) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(request <= 10) {
System.out.println("Handler1处理请求" + request);
}else if(handler != null){
handler.handle(request);
}
}
}
public class ConcreteHandler2 extends Handler {
public ConcreteHandler2(Handler handler) {
super(handler);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
@Override
public void handle(int request) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(request <= 20) {
System.out.println("Handler2处理请求" + request);
}else if(handler != null){
handler.handle(request);
}
}
}
public class ConcreteHandler3 extends Handler {
public ConcreteHandler3(Handler handler) {
super(handler);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
@Override
public void handle(int request) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(request <= 30) {
System.out.println("Handler3处理请求" + request);
}else {
System.out.println("不能处理的请求");
}
}
}
客户端代码
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Handler h3 = new ConcreteHandler3(null);
Handler h2 = new ConcreteHandler2(h3);
Handler h1 = new ConcreteHandler1(h2);
int[] request = {5,15,25,35};
for (int i : request) {
h1.handle(i);
}
}
职责链的优点
当客户提交一个请求时,请求是沿链传递直至有一个ConcreteHandler对象负责处理它。
职责链可简化对象的相互连接,它们仅需保持一个指向其后继者的引用,而不需保持它所有的候选接收者的引用。可以随时的增加或修改处理一个请求的结构。增强了给对象指派职责的灵活性。