libevent实现客户端

#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>

#ifdef _WIN32
#include <winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "event.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "event_extra.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "event_core.lib")
#else
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <pthread.h>
# ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
#  include <arpa/inet.h>
# endif
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define GetCurrentThreadId() pthread_self()
#endif

#include <event2/bufferevent.h>
#include <event2/buffer.h>
#include <event2/listener.h>
#include <event2/util.h>
#include <event2/event.h>
#include <event2/thread.h>

static const char MESSAGE[] = "Hello, World!\n";

static const int PORT = 9638;

static struct event_base * createEventBase();

static void conn_writecb(struct bufferevent *, void *);
static void conn_readcb(struct bufferevent *, void *);
static void conn_eventcb(struct bufferevent *, short, void *);
static void timer_callback(evutil_socket_t, short, void *);

static void connect_server(struct event_base* base);

int mainC(int argc, char **argv)
{
    struct event_base *base;
    struct event* timer = NULL;
#ifdef WIN32
    WSADATA wsa_data;
    WSAStartup(0x0201, &wsa_data);
#endif

    base = createEventBase();

    if (!base)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not initialize libevent!\n");
        return 1;
    }

    connect_server(base);
    
    //构建并添加一个定时器，它的另一个作用就是让这个iocp模型一直保持着运行直到调用了event_base_loopexit
    //通过调试发现，当客户端因为某种原因断开了，那么这个iocp客户端模型会自动结束的，因为base中并没有事件，所以会退出。
    //为了让这个iocp一直正常的运行下去，我们可以添加一个永久定时器。
    timer = event_new(base, -1, EV_TIMEOUT | EV_PERSIST, timer_callback, NULL);
    {
        struct timeval timeout = {1,0};
        event_add(timer, &timeout);
        //event_add(timer, NULL);
    }

    event_base_dispatch(base); //这里面进入循环了

    event_free(timer);

    event_base_free(base);

#ifdef WIN32
    WSACleanup();
#endif
    printf("done\n");
    return 0;
}

/**************************************************************************************************************************
libevent的一些问题记录。
1. 读写时，可能存在最大包字节限制，因为默认为16384字节，下面这2个宏是内部定义的。
#define MAX_SINGLE_READ_DEFAULT 16384
#define MAX_SINGLE_WRITE_DEFAULT 16384
可以通过bufferevent_set_max_single_read(...),bufferevent_set_max_single_write(...)去设置最大值。
*/
static struct event_base * createEventBase()
{
    struct event_base *base = NULL;
#if 1
    base = event_base_new();
#else
    struct event_config *cfg = event_config_new();
#ifdef WIN32
    //告诉libEvent使用Windows自己的线程和同步锁，并启用多线程安全
    evthread_use_windows_threads();
    //Windows启用IOCP模式
    event_config_set_flag(cfg, EVENT_BASE_FLAG_STARTUP_IOCP);
    //根据CPU实际数量配置libEvent的CPU数
    SYSTEM_INFO si;
    GetSystemInfo(&si);
    event_config_set_num_cpus_hint(cfg, 2);//si.dwNumberOfProcessors
#else
    //告诉libEvent使用平台自己的线程和同步锁，并启用多线程安全
    evthread_use_pthreads();
#endif
    base = event_base_new_with_config(cfg);
    event_config_free(cfg);
    cfg = NULL;
#endif
    return base;
}

static void timer_callback(evutil_socket_t fd, short event, void *user_data)
{
    struct timeval tv;
    evutil_gettimeofday(&tv, nullptr);
    printf("it's timeout....%d,%d\n", tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec);
}

/*
如果要多个客户端，只需要多次调用这个，也可以创建多个event_base
*/
static void connect_server(struct event_base* base)
{
    //struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; ipv6
    struct sockaddr_in sin;
    memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin));
    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_port = htons(PORT);
    evutil_inet_pton(sin.sin_family, "127.0.0.1", (void *)&sin.sin_addr);

    /*如果想要读写和释放在别的线程中也能够安全操作，则需要，添加 BEV_OPT_THREADSAFE，同时需要在最开始的时候调用
        evthread_use_windows_threads()、evthread_use_pthreads（）告诉平台启用多线程*/
    struct bufferevent *bev;
#if 1
    bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, -1, BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
#else
    bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, -1, BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE | BEV_OPT_THREADSAFE);
#endif
    if (!bev)
    {
        return;
    }
    //设置读写和客户端连接状态的回调函数
    bufferevent_setcb(bev, conn_readcb, conn_writecb, conn_eventcb, 0);

    //设置读写回调是否可用
    bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_WRITE | EV_READ);

    if (0 != bufferevent_socket_connect(bev, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof(sin)))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not bufferevent_socket_connect!\n");
    }
}

//向客户端写完数据后发生的一个回调，通常是调用bufferevent_write后发生了回调。
static void conn_writecb(struct bufferevent *bev, void *user_data)
{
    struct evbuffer *output = bufferevent_get_output(bev);
    if (evbuffer_get_length(output) == 0)
    {
        printf("flushed answer\n");
    }
}

//当收到客户端发送过来的数据时，该函数发生了回调
static void conn_readcb(struct bufferevent *bev, void *user_data)
{
    struct evbuffer *input = bufferevent_get_input(bev);
    size_t len = evbuffer_get_length(input);
    if (!len)
    {
        puts("接收到的数据个数是0");
        return;
    }
    char data[1025] = "";
    size_t size = 0;
    //从缓冲区中读取接收到的数据
    while (0 != (size = bufferevent_read(bev, data, 1024)))
    {
        printf("data=%s, len=%d\n", data, size);
    }
    const char *wData = "send to client!";
    bufferevent_write(bev, wData, strlen(wData) + 1);

    //主动断开与客户端的连接
    //bufferevent_free(bev);
    printf("a new conn_readcb %p\n", bev);
}

static void conn_eventcb(struct bufferevent *bev, short events, void *user_data)
{
    printf("tcb-bev=%p\n", bev);
    if (events & BEV_EVENT_EOF)
    {
        printf("Connection closed.\n");
    }
    else if (events & BEV_EVENT_ERROR)
    {
        printf("Got an error on the connection: %s\n", evutil_socket_error_to_string(EVUTIL_SOCKET_ERROR()));
    }
    else if (events & BEV_EVENT_TIMEOUT)
    {
        printf("timeout\n");
    }
    else if (events & BEV_EVENT_CONNECTED)
    {
        //connected success
        printf("connected socket=%d\n", bufferevent_getfd(bev));
        return;
    }

    // None of the other events can happen here, since we haven't enabled timeouts
    bufferevent_free(bev);
}