F ( x ) = ∑ i = 1 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ ( x i ) ( n − x m − i ) i + ∑ i = ⌊ m 2 ⌋ + 1 m ( x i ) ( n − x m − i ) ( m − i ) = ∑ i = 1 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ x i ( x − 1 i − 1 ) ( n − x m − i ) i + ∑ i = ⌊ m 2 ⌋ + 1 m ( x i ) ( n − x − 1 m − i − 1 ) n − x m − i ( m − i ) = ∑ i = 1 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ x ( x − 1 i − 1 ) ( n − x m − i ) + ∑ i = ⌊ m 2 ⌋ + 1 m ( x i ) ( n − x − 1 m − i − 1 ) ( n − x ) = x ∑ i = 1 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ ( x − 1 i − 1 ) ( n − x m − i ) + ( n − x ) ∑ i = ⌊ m 2 ⌋ + 1 m ( x i ) ( n − x − 1 m − i − 1 ) = x ∑ i = 1 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ ( x − 1 i − 1 ) ( n − x m − i ) + ( n − x ) ∑ i = ⌊ m 2 ⌋ + 1 m ( x i ) ( n − x − 1 m − i − 1 ) \begin{aligned} \mathcal{F}(x) &= \sum_{i = 1}^{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor} \binom {x}{i} \binom{n - x}{m - i} i + \sum_{i = \lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor + 1}^{m} \binom {x}{i} \binom{n - x}{m - i} (m - i) \\ &= \sum_{i = 1}^{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor} \frac{x}{i} \binom {x - 1}{i - 1} \binom{n - x}{m - i} i + \sum_{i = \lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor + 1}^{m} \binom {x}{i} \binom{n - x - 1}{m - i - 1} \frac{n - x}{m - i} (m - i) \\ &= \sum_{i = 1}^{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor} x \binom {x - 1}{i - 1} \binom{n - x}{m - i} + \sum_{i = \lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor + 1}^{m} \binom {x}{i} \binom{n - x - 1}{m - i - 1} (n - x) \\ &= x \sum_{i = 1}^{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor} \binom {x - 1}{i - 1} \binom{n - x}{m - i} + (n - x) \sum_{i = \lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor + 1}^{m} \binom {x}{i} \binom{n - x - 1}{m - i - 1} \\ &= x \sum_{i = 1}^{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor} \binom {x - 1}{i - 1} \binom{n - x}{m - i} + (n - x) \sum_{i = \lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor + 1}^{m} \binom {x}{i} \binom{n - x - 1}{m - i - 1} \end{aligned} F(x)=i=1∑⌊2m⌋(ix)(m−in−x)i+i=⌊2m⌋+1∑m(ix)(m−in−x)(m−i)=i=1∑⌊2m⌋ix(i−1x−1)(m−in−x)i+i=⌊2m⌋+1∑m(ix)(m−i−1n−x−1)m−in−x(m−i)=i=1∑⌊2m⌋x(i−1x−1)(m−in−x)+i=⌊2m⌋+1∑m(ix)(m−i−1n−x−1)(n−x)=xi=1∑⌊2m⌋(i−1x−1)(m−in−x)+(n−x)i=⌊2m⌋+1∑m(ix)(m−i−1n−x−1)=xi=1∑⌊2m⌋(i−1x−1)(m−in−x)+(n−x)i=⌊2m⌋+1∑m(ix)(m−i−1n−x−1)
令 G ( x ) = ∑ i = 1 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ ( x − 1 i − 1 ) ( n − x m − i ) \mathcal{G} (x) = \sum_{i = 1}^{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor} \binom {x - 1}{i - 1} \binom{n - x}{m - i} G(x)=∑i=1⌊2m⌋(i−1x−1)(m−in−x)
G ( x + 1 ) = ∑ i = 1 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ ( x i − 1 ) ( n − x − 1 m − i ) = ∑ i = 1 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ x x − i + 1 ( x − 1 i − 1 ) n − x − m + i n − x ( n − x m − i ) = G ( x ) − ( x − 1 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ − 1 ) ( n − x − 1 m − ⌊ m 2 ⌋ − 1 ) \begin{aligned} \mathcal{G} (x + 1) &= \sum_{i = 1}^{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor} \binom {x}{i - 1} \binom{n - x - 1}{m - i} \\ &= \sum_{i = 1}^{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor} \frac{x}{x - i + 1} \binom {x - 1}{i - 1} \frac{n - x - m + i}{n - x} \binom{n - x}{m - i} \\ &= \mathcal{G} (x) - \binom{x - 1}{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor - 1}\binom{n - x - 1}{m - \lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor - 1} \end{aligned} G(x+1)=i=1∑⌊2m⌋(i−1x)(m−in−x−1)=i=1∑⌊2m⌋x−i+1x(i−1x−1)n−xn−x−m+i(m−in−x)=G(x)−(⌊2m⌋−1x−1)(m−⌊2m⌋−1n−x−1)
同理 H ( x ) = ∑ i = ⌊ m 2 ⌋ + 1 m ( x i ) ( n − x − 1 m − i − 1 ) \mathcal{H} (x) = \sum_{i = \lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor + 1}^{m} \binom {x}{i} \binom{n - x - 1}{m - i - 1} H(x)=∑i=⌊2m⌋+1m(ix)(m−i−1n−x−1)
H ( x + 1 ) = H ( x ) + ( n − x − 2 ⌊ m 2 ⌋ − 1 ) ( x m − ⌊ m 2 ⌋ − 1 ) \mathcal{H} (x + 1) = \mathcal{H} (x) + \binom{n - x - 2}{\lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor - 1} \binom{x}{m - \lfloor \frac{m}{2} \rfloor - 1} H(x+1)=H(x)+(⌊2m⌋−1n−x−2)(m−⌊2m⌋−1x)
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