Hive数仓分层建设

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-05 12:09:46 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-05 12:09:46 发布

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分类专栏：后台指标分析应用搭建文章标签： hive

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/c_jhsp/article/details/118152483

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本文介绍了Hive数据仓库的分层建设，包括ODS层、DWD层、DWS层和ADS层。ODS层主要存储原始数据，DWD层对原始数据进行简单处理，DWS层进一步处理，而ADS层则对数据进行聚合统计并导出到关系型数据库供查询。详细讲述了各层的建表和数据载入语句。

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Hive分层

ODS层：一般存储原始数据
DWD层：对ODS层的数据进行简单的处理
DWS层：对DWS层的数据进行进一步处理
ADS层：对DWS层的数据进行聚合统计，一般会导出到关系性数据库中提供后台查询

ODS层

直接对原始数据进行入库存储
ods层建表语句如下：

#! /bin/bash

echo "===prepare to create table test_ods_xxx_event==="

sql1="
use xxx_dataware;
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_ods_xxx_event (
  e_json string
  )
PARTITIONED BY (\`dt\` string)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY "\t"
LOCATION '/user/hive/warehouse/test_ods/test_ods_xxx_event'
TBLPROPERTIES ("orc.compress"="SNAPPY");"


useSql="use xxx_dataware;"

sql="CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_ods_xxx_event (\`e_json\` string) PARTITIONED BY (\`dt\` string) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY \"\t\" LOCATION '/user/hive/warehouse/test_ods/test_ods_xxx_event' TBLPROPERTIES (\"orc.compress\"=\"SNAPPY\");"

newsql="\"use xxx_dataware;select * from test_ods_xxx_event;\""
echo ${newsql}
beeline -u jdbc:hive2://xxx.xxx.xx.xxx:10000 -n metastore -p hive -e "${useSql}${sql}"
# beeline -n metastore -p hive -e ${newsql}
# hive -e ${sql}

echo "===finashed create table==="

数据载入语句：

#! /bin/bash

db=xxx_dataware
useSql="use xxx_dataware;"

if [ -n "$1" ] ; then
        do_date=$1
else
        do_date=`date -d "-1 day" +%F`
fi


hdfs dfs -ls /hdfsSink/xxxEvent/ | grep ${do_date} | awk '{print$8}' > tmp_hdfs_dir

cat tmp_hdfs_dir | while read line
do
 #       echo "$line"
        sql="load data inpath 'hdfs:$line/*' into table test_ods_xxx_event partition(dt='${do_date}');"
#       echo "$sql"
        beeline -u jdbc:hive2://xxx.xxx.xx.xxx:10000 -n metastore -p hive -e "${useSql}${sql}"
done

DWD层

由于ods层存储的是json格式的数据，所以dwd只对json串进行解析：
dwd层创表语句如下：


#! /bin/bash

echo "===prepare to create table test_dwd_xxx_login_event==="

useSql="use xxx_dataware;"

loginSql="CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_dwd_xxx_login_event (\`server_id\` string,\`create_time\` string,\`log_name\` string,\`account\` string,\`user_id\` string,\`role_id\` string,\`role_level\` string,\`role_name\` string,\`channel_key\` string,\`device_id\` string,\`gender\` string,\`ip\` string) PARTITIONED BY (\`dt\` string) STORED AS parquet LOCATION '/user/hive/warehouse/test_dwd/test_dwd_xxx_login_event' TBLPROPERTIES (\"parquet.compression\"=\"SNAPPY\");"

createUserSql="CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_dwd_xxx_create_user_event (\`server_id\` string,\`create_time\` string,\`log_name\` string,\`account\` string,\`user_id\` string,\`role_id\` string,\`role_level\` string,\`role_name\` string,\`channel_key\` string,\`device_id\` string,\`gender\` string) PARTITIONED BY (\`dt\` string) STORED AS parquet LOCATION '/user/hive/warehouse/test_dwd/test_dwd_xxx_create_user_event' TBLPROPERTIES (\"parquet.compression\"=\"SNAPPY\");"

createRoleSql="CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_dwd_xxx_create_role_event (\`server_id\` string,\`create_time\` string,\`log_name\` string,\`account\` string,\`user_id\` string,\`role_id\` string,\`role_level\` string,\`role_name\` string,\`channel_key\` string,\`device_id\` string,\`gender\` string) PARTITIONED BY (\`dt\` string) STORED AS parquet LOCATION '/user/hive/warehouse/test_dwd/test_dwd_xxx_create_role_event' TBLPROPERTIES (\"parquet.compression\"=\"SNAPPY\");"

levelSql="CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_dwd_xxx_level_event (\`server_id\` string,\`create_time\` string,\`log_name\` string,\`account\` string,\`user_id\` string,\`role_id\` string,\`role_level\` string,\`role_name\` string,\`channel_key\` string,\`device_id\` string,\`gender\` string,\`exp\` string) PARTITIONED BY (\`dt\` string) STORED AS parquet LOCATION '/user/hive/warehouse/test_dwd/test_dwd_xxx_level_event' TBLPROPERTIES (\"parquet.compression\"=\"SNAPPY\");"

costItemSql="CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_dwd_xxx_cost_item_event (\`server_id\` string,\`create_time\` string,\`log_name\` string,\`account\` string,\`user_id\` string,\`role_id\` string,\`role_level\` string,\`role_name\` string,\`channel_key\` string,\`device_id\` string,\`gender\` string,\`db_id\` string,\`item_id\` string,\`cost_num\` string,\`after_remain_num\` string,\`source_type\` string) PARTITIONED BY (\`dt\` string) STORED AS parquet LOCATION '/user/hive/warehouse/test_dwd/test_dwd_xxx_cost_item_event' TBLPROPERTIES (\"parquet.compression\"=\"SNAPPY\");"

getItemSql="CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_dwd_xxx_get_item_event (\`server_id\` string,\`create_time\` string,\`log_name\` string,\`account\` string,\`user_id\` string,\`role_id\` string,\`role_level\` string,\`role_name\` string,\`channel_key\` string,\`device_id\` string,\`gender\` string,\`db_id\` string,\`item_id\` string,\`add_num\` string,\`after_remain_num\` string,\`source_type\` string) PARTITIONED BY (\`dt\` string) STORED AS parquet LOCATION '/user/hive/warehouse/test_dwd/test_dwd_xxx_get_item_event' TBLPROPE