拷贝构造函数与赋值运算符的区别

拷贝构造函数在对象被创建时调用，赋值运算符只在已经存在的对象之间赋值时调用。

string.h

#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

class String
{
public:
        String(const char *str = NULL);
        String(const String &str);
        String & operator=(const String &str);
        ~String();

private:
        char *m_data;
};

String::String(const char *str)
{
        cout << "const char *" << endl;
        if (NULL == str)
        {
                m_data = new char[1];
                m_data[0] = '\0';
        }
        else
        {
                m_data = new char[strlen(str)+1];
                strcpy(m_data, str);
        }
}

String::String(const String &str)
{
        cout << "const String &str" << endl;
        m_data = new char[strlen(str.m_data)+1];
        strcpy(m_data, str.m_data);
}
                                                          
String & String::operator=(const String &str)
{
        cout << "operator=" << endl;
        if (this == &str)
                return *this;
        delete []m_data;
        m_data = new char[strlen(str.m_data)+1];

        strcpy(m_data, str.m_data);

        return *this;

}

String::~String()
{
        delete []m_data;
        m_data = NULL;
}
                                                           
main.cpp

#include "string.h"

int main()
{
        const  char *arr1 = "1111111111111";
        String str1(arr1);
        const  char *arr2 = "2222222222222";
        String str2(arr2);
        str1 = str2;
        String str3(str1);

        return 0;
}

output:
const char *
const char *
operator=
const String &str