0.我例子的工程结构
1.首先在程序启动时拿到要动态加载dll所在的目录。WepApplication中的Global.asax文件中:
public static DirectoryCatalog Catalog;
protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LoadProviderCatalog();
}
private void LoadProviderCatalog()
{
string assemblyPath = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AssemblyFolder"].ToString();
assemblyPath = Path.Combine(HostingEnvironment.MapPath("~/"), assemblyPath);
Catalog = new DirectoryCatalog(assemblyPath);
}
2.在使用MEF目录进行导出部件托管的时候,在某些需求下或许只需要其中的一个部件,这种情况可以通过遍历部件集合得到。然而MEF也为此提供了一种解决方案,那就是使用目录过滤筛选功能。MEF中的ComposablePartCatalog类和INotifyComposablePartCatalogChanged接口就是专门用来实现目录筛选的,可以如下代码段中演示的对目录过滤的封装。
public sealed class FilteredCatalog : ComposablePartCatalog
{
private readonly ComposablePartCatalog _inner;
private readonly INotifyComposablePartCatalogChanged _innerNotifyChange;
private readonly IQueryable<ComposablePartDefinition> _partsQuery;
public FilteredCatalog(
ComposablePartCatalog inner,
Expression<Func<ComposablePartDefinition, bool>> expression)
{
_inner = inner;
_innerNotifyChange = inner as INotifyComposablePartCatalogChanged;
_partsQuery = inner.Parts.Where(expression);
}
public override IQueryable<ComposablePartDefinition> Parts
{
get
{
return _partsQuery;
}
}
}
3.MEF中提供了一个专门用于目录过滤筛选的元数据特性PartMetadata,要进行目录部件的筛选过滤就需要通过PartMetadata特性的标注,MEF容器才能进行正确的装配。
public interface ILogger
{
string WriteLog();
}
[Export(typeof(ILogger))]
[PartMetadata("AssemblyName", "TXTLogger")]
public class TXTLogger:ILogger
{
public string WriteLog()
{
return "TXTLogger";
}
}
[Export(typeof(ILogger))]
[PartMetadata("AssemblyName", "DebugLogger")]
public class DebugLogger : ILogger
{
public string WriteLog()
{
return "DebugLogger";
}
}
4.通过上面的封装,使用目录过滤功能之需要传入正确的筛选表达式就可以了,按照MEF中的约定其筛选表达式应如下格式
public static ILogger GetLoggerInstance(string assemblyName)
{
var container = new CompositionContainer(Global.Catalog);
var filteredCatalog = new FilteredCatalog(
Global.Catalog,
(def) => ValidateAssemblyName(def, assemblyName));
var subContainer = new CompositionContainer(filteredCatalog, container);
ILogger logger = subContainer.GetExportedValueOrDefault<ILogger>();
return logger;
}
private static bool ValidateAssemblyName(ComposablePartDefinition def, string assemblyName)
{
if (def.Metadata.ContainsKey("AssemblyName"))
{
if (def.Metadata["AssemblyName"] != null)
{
List<string> assemblyNames = new List<string>(def.Metadata["AssemblyName"].ToString().Split(','));
return assemblyNames.Contains(assemblyName);
}
}
return false;
}
5.下面是代码块演示了如何从目录中筛选出元数据名称为"TXTLogger"以及为"DebugLogger"的ILogger的实例
ILogger TXTLogger = Utility.GetLoggerInstance("TXTLogger");
ILogger DebugLogger = Utility.GetLoggerInstance("DebugLogger");
6.Build工程后,将dll拷贝到我们指定的文件夹地下,只需要在build event的post-build events command line中加上这样一句话(不过需要当前的工程引用了这两个工程才可以):
if EXIST "$(ProjectDir)bin\AssemblyFolder" del /F /S /Q "$(ProjectDir)bin\AssemblyFolder"
robocopy "$(ProjectDir)bin" "$(ProjectDir)bin\AssemblyFolder" "*.HostMEFPartmetadata.*.*" /mov /xf "*.HostMEFPartmetadata.dll" "*.HostMEFPartmetadata.pdb"
set errorlevel = 0
echo "moved provider files to $(ProjectDir)bin\AssemblyFolder"