Spring IOC源码系列（五）

• obtainFreshBeanFactory();
• prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
• postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
• invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
• registerBeanFactoryProcessors(beanFactory);
• finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)

中间的四个方法虽然也重要，但是都是一些后置处理器使用，不会影响到主要的bean初始化过程，放到后面再看吧，先来看最关键的这个方法吧，所有的bean初始化都在这个方法里了。

	protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// ConversionService其实还是挺重要的
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
				beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
			beanFactory.setConversionService(
					beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
		}

		// Register a default embedded value resolver if no bean post-processor
		// (such as a PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:
		// at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.
		if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
			beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
		}

		// Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.
		String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
		for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
			getBean(weaverAwareName);
		}

		// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

		// Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.
		beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

		// 重点是这个，看这里
		beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
	}

这里提一下ConversionService这个接口，在我们绑定参数进行类型转换时很有用，可以了解下，其他的都是细枝末节了，直接看preInstantiateSingletions()方法吧。

DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons()

	@Override
	public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
		}

		// 熟悉吧，前面生成的beanDefinitionNames
		List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

		// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
			// 这个方法处理bean的继承关系
			RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
			// 只处理现在要初始化的bean
			if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
				// 这个分支处理factoryBean
				if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
					// 实际上其实也是调用getBean，只是factoryBean的beanName要加上&标识
					Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
					if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
						final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
						boolean isEagerInit;
						// 这里是SmartFactoryBean的，说实话我不太了解，就先忽略了
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
							isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
											((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
									getAccessControlContext());
						}
						else {
							isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
									((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
						}
						if (isEagerInit) {
							getBean(beanName);
						}
					}
				}
				else {
					// 正常的流程就是走这里了，其实这个getBean方法上面的流程也会走到，所以肯定是看这个了
					getBean(beanName);
				}
			}
		}

		// 初始化之后的回调，可以忽略
		// 如果实现了SmartInitializingSingleton可以获得此回调
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
			Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
			if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
				final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
				if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
					AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
						smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
						return null;
					}, getAccessControlContext());
				}
				else {
					smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
				}
			}
		}
	}

这个方法里主要提到的有三点：

• getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName); 处理bean的继承关系，这里的继承和Java代码里的继承没有任何关系，指的是我们自己配置的继承，概念差不多，也是继承属性，覆盖什么的；
• getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName); 处理FactoryBean，这个概念还是很重要的，面试的时候问到的比较多，主要作用能让我们自定义一些比较复杂的初始化方法。
  FactoryBean接口：

public interface FactoryBean<T> {

	// 获取这个bean
	@Nullable
	T getObject() throws Exception;

	// 获取bean的类型
	@Nullable
	Class<?> getObjectType();

	// 这个bean是否是单例
	default boolean isSingleton() {
		return true;
	}
}

用法：

// 人，有个车属性
public class Person {
    private Car car;

    public void setCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }
}

// 车的制造过程很复杂，所以用FactoryBean的方式
public class CarFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Car> {

    @Override
    public Car getObject() throws Exception {
        // 我这里很复杂
        return new Car();
    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {
        return Car.class;
    }
}

// 装配过程，
@Configuration
public class CarConfiguration {

	//只用创建CarFactoryBean的bean，不用创建Car本身的bean
    @Bean
    public CarFactoryBean getCarFactoryBean(){
        return new CarFactoryBean();
    }

	// 注入Car bean的时候，直接用FactoryBean的getObject方法
    @Bean
    public Person getPerson() throws Exception {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setCar(getCarFactoryBean().getObject());
        return person;
    }
}

• SmartInitializingSingleton，如果想要获取一个bean初始化完成之后的回调，可以实现这个接口就可以了；
  最关键的还是getBean(String name)方法，接着看下这个方法。

AbstractBeanFactory#getBean(String name)

@Override
	public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
		return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
	}

这没什么好说的，接着看。

• AbstractBeanFactory#doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class requiredType,@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)

protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
			@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {

		// beanName的转换，主要是处理两种情况
		// 一种是FactoryBean，以&开头的情况，需要去掉&
		// 一种是别名，需要将别名转换成真正的beanName
		final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
		// 这个是返回值，注意下
		Object bean;

		// 检查Bean是否已经创建了
		// Spring三级缓存要看下这个方法，这个后面在看
		Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
		if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
					logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
							"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
				}
				else {
					logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
				}
			}
			// 处理FactoryBean，FactoryBean生成Bean的过程
			bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
		}

		else {
			// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
			// We're assumably within a circular reference.
			if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
				throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
			}

			// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
			BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
			if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
				// Not found -> check parent.
				String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
				if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
					return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
							nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
				}
				else if (args != null) {
					// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
				}
				else if (requiredType != null) {
					// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
					return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
				}
				else {
					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
				}
			}

			//这里是个分割线，从这里开始往下，才开始要初始化bean

			if (!typeCheckOnly) {
				markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
			}
			
			try {
				final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
				checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

				// 处理依赖关系
				String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
				if (dependsOn != null) {
					for (String dep : dependsOn) {
						// 如果有循环依赖，则直接报错
						if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
									"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
						}
						// 注册依赖关系
						registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
						try {
							// 先初始化依赖
							getBean(dep);
						}
						catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
									"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
						}
					}
				}

				// 单例
				if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
					sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
						try {
						    // 这个最重要，看这里
							return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
						}
						catch (BeansException ex) {
							// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
							// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
							// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
							destroySingleton(beanName);
							throw ex;
						}
					});
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}

				// 多例
				else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
					// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
					Object prototypeInstance = null;
					try {
						beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
						prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
					}
					finally {
						afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
					}
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}
				
				// 其他作用域
				else {
					String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
					final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
					if (scope == null) {
						throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
					}
					try {
						Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
							beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
							try {
								return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
							}
							finally {
								afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
							}
						});
						bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
					}
					catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
						throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
								"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
								"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
								ex);
					}
				}
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
				throw ex;
			}
		}

		// 检查下bean的类型
		if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
			try {
				T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
				if (convertedBean == null) {
					throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
				}
				return convertedBean;
			}
			catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
							ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
				}
				throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
			}
		}
		return (T) bean;
	}

一般以do开头的方法，都是做实事的方法，这个方法首先要明确，它的名字叫doGetBean，也就是说是一个获取bean的方法，只有当bean不存在时，才会去初始化一个bean返回，流程：

• 先做一个beanName的转换，因为可能会传入各种不一样的beanName，需要转换成统一的beanName方便后续处理；
• 处理FactoryBean，因为FactoryBean需要返回真正类型的bean实例，而不是FactoryBean这个的实例；
• 检查beanName对应的BeanDefinition是否存在，如果不存在就直接返回父容器的查询结果；
• 处理依赖关系，并先获取依赖关系的bean实例；
• 从singletonFactory中获取bean实例，如果不存在就去初始化bean；
• 检查bean的类型，如果符合就返回了。
  接着看createBean方法。
• AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)

	@Override
	protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
		}
		RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;

		// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
		// clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
		// which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
		Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
		if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
			mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
			mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
		}

		// Prepare method overrides.
		try {
		    // 处理方法覆盖
			mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
					beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
		}

		try {
		    // 处理代理的地方，有可能返回一个代理对象，而不是实际的对象，这个在后面的AOP源码里再看吧
			Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
			if (bean != null) {
				return bean;
			}
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
		}

		try {
		    // 看这里 重点是这个
			Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
			}
			return beanInstance;
		}
		catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
			// A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
			// or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
		}
	}

这个方法最主要的一个处理就是对代理的处理，在这个方法里，是有机会直接返回一个代理对象的，在方法resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd)中。然后重点还是doCreateBean方法。

• AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)

	protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		// Instantiate the bean.
		BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
		if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
			instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
		}
		if (instanceWrapper == null) {
		    // 实例化bean
			instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
		}
		final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
		Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
		if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
			mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
		}

		// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
		synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
			if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
				try {
					applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
				}
				catch (Throwable ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
							"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
				}
				mbd.postProcessed = true;
			}
		}

		// 处理循环依赖
		boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
						"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
			}
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
		}

		// Initialize the bean instance.
		Object exposedObject = bean;
		try {
		    // 填充属性
			populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
			// 初始化，其实就是这种回调，像配置的init-method，实现InitializingBean，后置处理器都会在这里处理
			exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
				throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
			}
			else {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
			}
		}

		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
			if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
				if (exposedObject == bean) {
					exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
				}
				else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
					String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
					Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
					for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
						if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
							actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
						}
					}
					if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
						throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
								"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
								StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
								"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
								"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
								"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
								"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Register bean as disposable.
		try {
			registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
		}

		return exposedObject;
	}

以do开头的方法。。。这个方法就是创建bean的方法了，主要过程也就是我们经常说的：实例化（createBeanInstance）、填充属性（populateBean）、初始化（initializeBean）三步。还有一个重要的就是解决了循环依赖。
到这里可以说已经把整个IOC过程都过了一遍了，只是忽略了很多细节，比如：循环依赖的解决、后置处理器、实例化的过程等等，如果要扣这些细节的话，很容易就不知道前面看到哪了，所以我感觉还是要先过一遍主流程，然后再回过头来过细节。