多线程：死锁

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已于 2023-07-21 14:49:34 修改

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分类专栏：多线程文章标签： java 前端 javascript

于 2023-07-20 15:23:19 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/caiyuanj3/article/details/131830229

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死锁

某一个同步块同时拥有“两个对象的锁”时，就可能发生“死锁”的问题。

package jingcheng.test;

//死锁：多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源，然后形成僵持
public class DeadLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup g1 = new Makeup(0,"灰姑娘");
        Makeup g2 = new Makeup(1,"白雪公主");
        g1.start();
        g2.start();
    }
}


//口红
class Lipstick{

}
//镜子
class Mirror{

}
class Makeup extends Thread {
    //需要的资源只有一份，用static保证只有一份
    static Lipstick lipstick = new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();
    int choice;//选择
    String girlName;//使用化妆品的人

    Makeup(int choice, String girlName) {
        this.choice = choice;
        this.girlName = girlName;
    }


    @Override
    public void run() {
        //化妆
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    //化妆，互相持有对方的锁，就是需要拿到对方的资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
        if (choice == 0) {
            synchronized (lipstick) {//获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                synchronized (mirror) {//一秒钟后想获得镜子
                    System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");

                }
            }
        } else {
            synchronized (mirror) {//获得镜子的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
                Thread.sleep(2000);
                synchronized (lipstick) {//二秒钟后想获得口红
                    System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
                }

            }
        }
    }

解决方法：把代码块放到外面

package jingcheng.test;

//死锁：多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源，然后形成僵持
public class DeadLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup g1 = new Makeup(0,"灰姑娘");
        Makeup g2 = new Makeup(1,"白雪公主");
        g1.start();
        g2.start();
    }
}


//口红
class Lipstick{

}
//镜子
class Mirror{

}
class Makeup extends Thread {
    //需要的资源只有一份，用static保证只有一份
    static Lipstick lipstick = new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();
    int choice;//选择
    String girlName;//使用化妆品的人

    Makeup(int choice, String girlName) {
        this.choice = choice;
        this.girlName = girlName;
    }


    @Override
    public void run() {
        //化妆
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    //化妆，互相持有对方的锁，就是需要拿到对方的资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
        if (choice == 0) {
            synchronized (lipstick) {//获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);

            }
            synchronized (mirror) {//一秒钟后想获得镜子
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");

            }
        } else {
            synchronized (mirror) {//获得镜子的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子的锁");
                Thread.sleep(2000);


            }
            synchronized (lipstick) {//二秒钟后想获得口红
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红的锁");
            }
        }
    }