Android--ListView(列表视图)的使用

前言

当你要将某个从数据库或者文件中获得相当大的数据，在界面中向用户展示的时候，由于定义一个个视图比较麻烦，Android中提供了类似于数组的控件–ListView。

---

使用方法:

假设我们要转的数据是一个Person对象数组

package cn.zhuangzhihuang.mylist;

public class Person {
	private String name;
	private String tel;
	
	
	public Person(String name, String tel) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.tel = tel;
	}
	
	
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	public String getTel() {
		return tel;
	}
	
	public void setTel(String tel) {
		this.tel = tel;
	}
	
	public String toString() {
		return "点击的联系人为" + this.getName() +"\n电话号码为" + this.getTel();
	}
	
}

Person[] DB = {
        		new Person("张三","18555555555"),
        		new Person("李四","18555555556"),
        		new Person("王五","18555555557"),
        		new Person("赵六","18555555558"),
        		new Person("邓七","18555555559")    		
        		
        };
        
List<Person> friend_List;        
friend_List = new ArrayList<Person>();
for(int i=0;i<DB.length;i++) {
	friend_List.add(DB[i]);
}

1，首先，你需要在xml中加入一个listview控件:

<ListView
    android:id="@+id/data_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
</ListView>

2，接着你需要创建一个适配器MyAdapter类，这个适配器的作用时将你要展示的数据转成可见格式也就时View。

    class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

		@Override
		public int getCount() {  //返回表的长度
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return friend_List.size();
		}

		@Override
		public Object getItem(int position) {  //返回表的index位置的元组
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return friend_List.get(position); 
		}

		@Override
		public long getItemId(int position) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return position;
		}

		@Override
		public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {  //就像等到一个对象数组的某一个元素
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			View view = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item, null);
			TextView tv_item_name = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_name);
			TextView tv_item_tel = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_tel);
			tv_item_name.setText(friend_List.get(position).getName());
			tv_item_tel.setText(friend_List.get(position).getTel());
			return view;
			//初始化这个listview会调用到这个方法，因为要把传进去的对象数组的每个元素转成view加入到listview中
		}
    	
    }

3，然后要在xml中写下你要转成的view的模板

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >
    
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_item_name"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        />
    
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_item_tel"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        />

</LinearLayout>

4，最后在MainActivity中把listview的适配器设置一下。调用setAdapter这个方法

data_view.setAdapter(myAdapter);

---

Android代码：
xml：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        >
    
	    <TextView
	        android:id="@+id/tv1"
	        android:layout_width="0dp"
	        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	        android:layout_weight="1"
	        android:gravity="center"
	        android:text="姓名"
	        android:textSize="20sp"
	        />
	    
	    <TextView
	        android:id="@+id/tv2"
	        android:layout_width="0dp"
	        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	        android:layout_weight="1"
	        android:gravity="center"
	        android:text="联系电话"
	        android:textSize="20sp"
	        />
	    
	    </LinearLayout>
	    
	    <ListView
	        android:id="@+id/data_view"
	        android:layout_width="match_parent"
	        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
	    </ListView>


</LinearLayout>

MainActivity:

package cn.zhuangzhihuang.mylist;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	List<Person> friend_List;
	
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        ListView data_view = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.data_view);
        
        Person[] DB = {
        		new Person("张三","18555555555"),
        		new Person("李四","18555555556"),
        		new Person("王五","18555555557"),
        		new Person("赵六","18555555558"),
        		new Person("邓七","18555555559")    		
        		
        };
        
        friend_List = new ArrayList<Person>();
        for(int i=0;i<DB.length;i++) {
        	friend_List.add(DB[i]);
        }
        
        //自定义适配器
        MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter();
        data_view.setAdapter(myAdapter);
        
        data_view.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
					int position, long id) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				String temp = friend_List.get((int)id).toString();
				
				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, temp, 0).show();
				
			}
		});
    }
    
    class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

		@Override
		public int getCount() {  //返回表的长度
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return friend_List.size();
		}

		@Override
		public Object getItem(int position) {  //返回表的index位置的元组
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return friend_List.get(position); 
		}

		@Override
		public long getItemId(int position) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return position;
		}

		@Override
		public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {  //就像等到一个对象数组的某一个元素
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			View view = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item, null);
			TextView tv_item_name = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_name);
			TextView tv_item_tel = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_tel);
			tv_item_name.setText(friend_List.get(position).getName());
			tv_item_tel.setText(friend_List.get(position).getTel());
			return view;
			//初始化这个listview会调用到这个方法，因为要把传进去的对象数组的每个元素转成view加入到listview中
		}
    	
    }
}

效果：