一、枚举类的使用
1.枚举类的理解:类的对象只有有限个,确定的。我们可以称此类为枚举类。
2.当需要定义一个常量时,强烈使用枚举类
3.如果枚举类中只有一个对象,则可以作为单例模式的实现。
二、枚举类是使用
如何定义枚举类
方式一:jdk5.0之前,自定义枚举类
public class SeasonTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Season spring = Season.SPRING;
System.out.println(spring);
}
}
class Season{
//一、声明Season对象的属性:private final修饰
private final String seasonName;
private final String seasonDesc;
//二、私有化类的构造器,并给属性对象赋值
private Season(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
this.seasonName = seasonName;
this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
}
//三、提供当前枚举类的多个对象:public static final的
public static final Season SPRING = new Season("春天","春暖花开");
public static final Season SUMMER = new Season("夏天","夏日炎炎");
public static final Season AUTUMN = new Season("秋天","秋高气爽");
public static final Season WINTER = new Season("冬天","冰天雪地");
//四、其他诉求1:获取枚举类对象的属性
public String getSeasonName() {
return seasonName;
}
public String getSeasonDesc(){
return seasonDesc;
}
//四、其他诉求1:获取枚举类对象的属性
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Season{" +
"seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
方式二:jdk5.0,可以使用enum关键字定义枚举类
public class SeasonTest1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Season1 summer = Season1.SUMMER;
System.out.println(summer);
}
}
enum Season1{
//一、提供当前枚举类的多个对象:public static final的
SPRING("春天","春暖花开"),
SUMMER("夏天","夏日炎炎"),
AUTUMN("秋天","秋高气爽"),
WINTER("冬天","冰天雪地");
//二、声明Season对象的属性:private final修饰
private final String seasonName;
private final String seasonDesc;
//三、私有化类的构造器,并给属性对象赋值
private Season1(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
this.seasonName = seasonName;
this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
}
//四、其他诉求1:获取枚举类对象的属性
public String getSeasonName() {
return seasonName;
}
public String getSeasonDesc(){
return seasonDesc;
}
//四、其他诉求1:获取枚举类对象的属性
// @Override
// public String toString() {
// return "Season1{" +
// "seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
// ", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
// '}';
// }
}
三、Enum类中的常用方法:
values()方法:返回枚举类型的对象数组。该方法可以很方便地遍历所有的枚举类
valueOf(String str):可以把一个字符串转为对应的枚举类对象。要求字符串必须是枚举类对象的"名字"。如不是,会有运行时的异常:IIIegalArgumentException.
toString():返回当前枚举类对象常量的名称