Java枚举类的使用

1. 枚举类的理解：类的对象只有有限个，确定的。我们称此类为枚举类
2. 当需要定义一组常量时，强烈建议使用枚举类
3. 如果枚举类中只有一个对象，则可以作为单例模式的实现方式。

• 枚举类的属性
  • 枚举类对象的属性不应允许被改动, 所以应该使用 private final 修饰
  • 枚举类的使用 private final 修饰的属性应该在构造器中为其赋值
  • 若枚举类显式的定义了带参数的构造器, 则在列出枚举值时也必须对应的传入参数

定义枚举类

方式一：jdk5.0之前，自定义枚举类

public class SeasonTest {
   
    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        Season spring = Season.SPRING;
        System.out.println(spring); //Season{seasonName='春季', seasonDesc='春暖花开'}
    }
}

class Season{
   
    //1.声明Season对象的属性：用 private final 修饰
    private final String seasonName;
    private final String seasonDesc;

    //2.私有化类的构造器，并给对象属性赋值
    private Season(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
   
        this.seasonName = seasonName;
        this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
    }

    //3.提供当前枚举类的多个对象：public static final
    public static final Season  SPRING = new Season("春季","春暖花开");
    public static final Season  SUMMER = new Season("夏季","夏日炎炎");
    public static final Season  AUTUMN = new Season("秋季","秋高气爽");
    public static final Season  WINTER = new Season("冬季","冰天雪地");


    //4.其他诉求1：获取枚举类对象的属性
    public String getSeasonName() {
   
        return seasonName;
    }

    public