用mysql C api存取二进制数据

mysql的c接口,使用普通的query方法,很难获取到二进制数据。
使用mysql_stmt_前缀的函数,用mysql_stmt_bind_result的方式,可针对各种类型的数据进行获取操作,示例代码是我在linux中编译通过的,如下所示:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <mysql/mysql.h>

using namespace std;

void test_insert_stmt(MYSQL *mysql)
{
	MYSQL_STMT *stmt = mysql_stmt_init(mysql);
	if (stmt == NULL)
	{
		std::cout << "stmt is NULL. mysql_stmt_init failed. "
			<< mysql_error(mysql) << std::endl;
		return ;
	}

	const char str_sql[] = "INSERT INTO tb_bin_data(bin_data) VALUES(?)";
	int res = mysql_stmt_prepare(stmt, str_sql, sizeof(str_sql) - 1);
	if (res != 0)
	{
		std::cout << "mysql_stmt_prepare INSERT failed."
			<< mysql_stmt_error(stmt) << std::endl;
		mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
		return ;
	}

	char bin_data[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
	MYSQL_BIND bind[1];
	memset(bind, 0, sizeof(bind));
	bind[0].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_BLOB;
	bind[0].is_null = NULL;
	bind[0].buffer = bin_data;
	bind[0].buffer_length = sizeof(bin_data);

	res = mysql_stmt_bind_param(stmt, bind);
	if (res != 0)
	{
		std::cout << "mysql_stmt_bind_param failed. " 
			<< mysql_stmt_error(stmt) << std::endl;
		mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
		return;
	}
	std::cout << "mysql_stmt_bind_param successful." << std::endl;

	// res = mysql_stmt_send_long_data(stmt, 0, escape_bin, strlen(escape_bin));
	// std::cout << "mysql_stmt_send_long_data result is " << res << std::endl;

	res = mysql_stmt_execute(stmt);
	std::cout << "mysql_stmt_execute() func result is " << res << std::endl;

	mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
}

void test_query_stmt(MYSQL *mysql)
{
	MYSQL_STMT *stmt = mysql_stmt_init(mysql);
	if (stmt == NULL)
	{
		std::cout << "stmt is NULL. mysql_stmt_init failed. "
			<< mysql_error(mysql) << std::endl;
		return ;
	}

	const char str_sql[] = "SELECT id,bin_data FROM tb_bin_data where id=?";
	int res = mysql_stmt_prepare(stmt, str_sql, sizeof(str_sql) - 1);
	if (res != 0)
	{
		std::cout << "mysql_stmt_prepare SELECT failed."
			<< mysql_stmt_error(stmt) << std::endl;
		mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
		return;
	}

	unsigned int id = 1;
	MYSQL_BIND bind[1];
	memset(bind, 0, sizeof(bind));
	bind[0].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_LONG;
	bind[0].is_null = NULL;
	bind[0].is_unsigned = true;
	bind[0].buffer = &id;
	bind[0].buffer_length = sizeof(id);

	res = mysql_stmt_bind_param(stmt, bind);
	if (res != 0)
	{
		std::cout << "mysql_stmt_bind_param failed. " 
			<< mysql_stmt_error(stmt) << std::endl;
		mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
		return ;
	}
	std::cout << "mysql_stmt_bind_param successful." << std::endl;

	// res = mysql_stmt_send_long_data(stmt, 0, escape_bin, strlen(escape_bin));
	// std::cout << "mysql_stmt_send_long_data result is " << res << std::endl;


	unsigned int int_data;
	bool is_null[2];
	bool error[2];
	char blob_data;
	unsigned long length[2] = {sizeof int_data, sizeof blob_data};
	
	MYSQL_BIND bind2[2];
	memset(bind2, 0, sizeof bind2);
	bind2[0].buffer_type= MYSQL_TYPE_LONG;
	bind2[0].buffer= &int_data;
	bind2[0].is_null= &is_null[0];
	bind2[0].is_unsigned = true;
	bind2[0].buffer_length= length[0];
	bind2[0].length= &length[0];
	bind2[0].error= &error[0];

	bind2[1].buffer_type= MYSQL_TYPE_BLOB;
	bind2[1].buffer= &blob_data;
	bind2[1].is_null= &is_null[1];
	bind2[1].buffer_length= length[1];
	bind2[1].length= &length[1];
	bind2[1].error= &error[1];

	/* Bind the result buffers */
	if (mysql_stmt_bind_result(stmt, bind2))
	{
		fprintf(stderr, " mysql_stmt_bind_result() failed\n");
		fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", mysql_stmt_error(stmt));
		mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
		return;
	}

	res = mysql_stmt_execute(stmt);
	std::cout << "mysql_stmt_execute() func result is " << res << std::endl;

	/* Now buffer all results to client (optional step) */
	/*
	if (mysql_stmt_store_result(stmt))
	{
		fprintf(stderr, " mysql_stmt_store_result() failed\n");
		fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", mysql_stmt_error(stmt));
		mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
		return;
	}
	*/

	/* Fetch all rows */
	int row_count= 0;
	fprintf(stdout, "Fetching results ...\n");
	while (1)
	{
		int result = mysql_stmt_fetch(stmt);
		if (result == MYSQL_NO_DATA) {
			cout << "no data!" << endl;
			break;
		}
		if (result == 1) {
			cout << "mysql_stmt_fetch error: " << mysql_stmt_error(stmt) << endl;
			break;
		}
		row_count++;
		printf("row %d: ", row_count);
		if (is_null[0]) {
			printf("id=NULL ");
		} else {
			printf("id=%d(%d) ", int_data, length[0]);
		}
		if (is_null[1]) {
			printf("bin_data=NULL ");
		} else {
			unsigned long start = 0;
			unsigned long totallength = length[1];
			printf("bin_data=");
			while (start < totallength) {
				bind2[1].buffer = &blob_data;
				bind2[1].buffer_length  = 1;
				mysql_stmt_fetch_column(stmt, &bind2[1], 1, start);
				printf("%X", blob_data);
				start += bind2[1].buffer_length;
			}
			printf("(%d) ", totallength);
		}

		printf("\n");
	}

	mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	MYSQL *mysql = mysql_init(NULL);

	if (!mysql_real_connect(mysql, "127.0.0.1", "root", "", "test", 0, NULL, 0)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to mysql to database: Error: %s\n",
			          mysql_error(mysql));
	}

	test_insert_stmt(mysql);
	test_query_stmt(mysql);

	mysql_close(mysql);

	return 0;
}

用mysql_real_query也能达到相同的效果:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <mysql/mysql.h>

using namespace std;

const std::string Escape(MYSQL * mysql, const std::string & sFrom)
{
	std::string::size_type iLen = sFrom.size() * 2 + 1;
	char * pTo = (char *)malloc(iLen);
	memset(pTo, 0x00, iLen);
	unsigned long lEscLen = mysql_real_escape_string(mysql, pTo, sFrom.data(), sFrom.size());
	std::string sTo(pTo, lEscLen);
	free(pTo);
	return sTo;
}

void test_insert(MYSQL *mysql)
{
	char data[] = {0, 1, 2};
	string str(data, 3);
	str = Escape(mysql, str);
	string sql = "INSERT INTO tb_bin_data (bin_data) values ('";
	sql.append(str.data(), str.size());
	sql.append("')");
	cout << sql << endl;
	if (mysql_real_query(mysql, sql.data(), sql.size()) != 0)
	{
		std::cout << "mysql exec fail:" << mysql_error(mysql) << std::endl;
	}
}

void test_query(MYSQL *mysql)
{
	string sFrom = "select id, bin_data from tb_bin_data where id = 3";
	if (mysql_real_query(mysql, sFrom.data(), sFrom.size()) != 0)
	{
		printf("Error while query sql: %s\n%s\n", sFrom.c_str(), mysql_error(mysql));
		return;
	}
	MYSQL_RES *res = mysql_store_result(mysql);
	for (MYSQL_ROW row = NULL; (row = mysql_fetch_row(res)) != NULL;)
	{
		unsigned long *lengths = mysql_fetch_lengths(res);
		string id = row[0];
		string data(row[1], lengths[1]);
		cout << id << " ";
		for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++)
			printf("%X", data[i]);
		printf("\n");
	}
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	MYSQL *mysql = mysql_init(NULL);
	if (mysql_real_connect(mysql, "127.0.0.1", "root", "", "test", 0, NULL, 0) == NULL)
	{
		std::cout << "connect fail" << std::endl;
		return -1;
	}

	test_insert(mysql);

	mysql_close(mysql);
	return 0;
}

如果使用mysqlmgr这个封装的hpp,使用将更加简单(https://github.com/alongL/mysqlmgr):

#include <iostream>
#include "mysqlmgr.hpp"

using namespace std;

void insert()
{
	auto &sqlmgr = Mysqlmgr::getinstance();
	auto stmt = sqlmgr.getstmt("INSERT INTO tb_bin_data (bin_data) values (?)");
	if (!stmt)
	{
		printf("insert error: %s", sqlmgr.geterror());
		return;
	}
	char data[] = {0, 1, 2, 3};
	int length;
	stmt.bind_param(0, MYSQL_TYPE_BLOB, (void*)data, sizeof data, NULL, NULL);
	if (stmt.execute())
	{
		printf("insert error: %s", sqlmgr.geterror());
		return;
	}
	printf("insert sucess.\n");
}

void query()
{
	auto &sqlmgr = Mysqlmgr::getinstance();
	Result r = sqlmgr.query("SELECT id, bin_data FROM tb_bin_data");
	if (!r)
	{
		printf("query error %s\n", sqlmgr.geterror());
		return;
	}
	printf("query result:\n");
	while (Row row = r.next())
	{
		int id = row.columnint(0);
		string data = row[1];
		printf("id:%d data: ", id);
		for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++)
			printf("%X", data[i]);
		printf("\n");
	}

}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	auto &sqlmgr = Mysqlmgr::getinstance();
	if (!sqlmgr.connect("127.0.0.1", "root", "", "test", 0, NULL, 0))
	{
		printf("can not connect to mysql: %s\n", sqlmgr.geterror());
		return -1;
	}

	query();

	return 0;
}

我修正过mysqlmgr.hpp,在mysql8.0中测试通过。

#pragma once

#include <string>
#include <mysql/mysql.h>
#include <memory.h>

class Stmt;
class Result;

class Stmt
{
private:
    MYSQL_STMT *stmt;
    size_t count;
    MYSQL_BIND *params;
    long unsigned int str_length;

public:
    Stmt() : stmt(0), count(0), params(0) {}
    Stmt(MYSQL_STMT *stmt)
        : stmt(stmt), count(mysql_stmt_param_count(stmt)), params(new MYSQL_BIND[count])
    {
        memset(params, 0, count * sizeof(MYSQL_BIND));
    }

    ~Stmt()
    {
        if (stmt)
            mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
        delete[] params;
    }

    Stmt(const Stmt &) = delete;
    Stmt &operator=(const Stmt &) = delete;

    Stmt(Stmt &&x) : stmt(x.stmt), count(x.count), params(x.params), str_length(x.str_length)
    {
        x.stmt = 0;
        x.params = nullptr;
    }

    Stmt &operator=(Stmt &&x)
    {
        stmt = x.stmt;
        count = x.count;
        params = x.params;
        str_length = x.str_length;
        x.stmt = 0;
        x.params = nullptr;
        return *this;
    }

    operator bool()
    {
        return !!stmt;
    }

    inline int step() // the same to execute
    {
        return execute();
    }

    inline int execute() // run sql
    {
        mysql_stmt_bind_param(stmt, params);
        return mysql_stmt_execute(stmt);
    }

    void bind_param(int i, enum_field_types buffer_type, void *buffer, int buffer_length, bool *is_null, unsigned long *length)
    {
        if (i >= count)
        {
            printf("Stmt::bind_param error! index:%d, count:%d \n", i, count);
            return;
        }
        MYSQL_BIND &b = params[i];
        b.buffer_type = buffer_type;
        b.buffer = (char *)buffer;
        b.buffer_length = buffer_length;
        b.is_null = is_null;
        b.length = length;
    }

    inline void bindint64(int i, int64_t x)
    {
        bind_param(i, MYSQL_TYPE_LONGLONG, (char *)&x, 0, 0, 0);
    }
    inline void bindint(int i, const int &x)
    {
        bind_param(i, x);
    }

    // char *x should long live tot execute()
    inline void bindtext(int i, const char *x, int len)
    {
        bind_param(i, x, len);
    }

    // string x cann't be a temp string
    inline void bindstring(int i, const std::string &x)
    {
        const char *c = x.c_str();
        bind_param(i, MYSQL_TYPE_STRING, (char *)c, x.size(), 0, &(params[i].buffer_length));
    }

private:
    inline void bind_param(int i, const int &x)
    {
        bind_param(i, MYSQL_TYPE_LONG, (char *)&x, 0, 0, 0);
    }

    inline void bind_param(int i, const std::string &x)
    {
        const char *c = x.c_str();
        bind_param(i, MYSQL_TYPE_STRING, (char *)c, x.size(), 0, &(params[i].buffer_length));
    }

    inline void bind_param(int i, const char *x, int len)
    {
        bind_param(i, MYSQL_TYPE_STRING, (char *)x, len, 0, &(params[i].buffer_length));
    }
};

class Row
{
private:
    MYSQL_ROW row;
    unsigned long *lengths;

public:
    Row() : row(nullptr), lengths(nullptr) {}
    Row(MYSQL_ROW row, unsigned long *lengths) : row(row), lengths(lengths) {}

    Row(Row &&x) : row(x.row), lengths(x.lengths)
    {
        x.row = nullptr;
        x.lengths = nullptr;
    }

    Row &operator=(Row &&x)
    {
        using std::swap;
        swap(*this, x);
        return *this;
    }

    operator bool()
    {
        return !!row;
    }

    std::string operator[](size_t n)
    {
        return std::string(row[n], lengths[n]);
    }

    std::string columntext(size_t n)
    {
        return std::string(row[n], lengths[n]);
    }

    int columnint(size_t n)
    {
        auto str = std::string(row[n], lengths[n]);
        return std::stoi(str);
    }
    int columnint64(size_t n)
    {
        auto str = std::string(row[n], lengths[n]);
        return std::stoll(str);
    }
};

class Result
{
private:
    MYSQL_RES *res;
    int num_fields;

public:
    Result() : res(0), num_fields(0) {}
    Result(MYSQL_RES *res) : res(res), num_fields(mysql_num_fields(res)) {}
    Result(Result &&r)
    {
        res = r.res;
        r.res = 0;

        num_fields = r.num_fields;
    }

    ~Result()
    {
        if (res)
            mysql_free_result(res);
    }

    operator bool()
    {
        return !!res;
    }

    Result &operator=(Result &&r)
    {
        mysql_free_result(res);
        res = r.res;
        num_fields = r.num_fields;
        r.res = 0;
        return *this;
    }

    Result &operator=(const Result &) = delete;
    Result(const Result &) = delete;

    Row fetch_row()
    {
        MYSQL_ROW row = mysql_fetch_row(res);
        unsigned long *lengths = mysql_fetch_lengths(res);
        return Row{row, lengths};
    }

    inline Row next()
    {
        return fetch_row();
    }
};

class Mysqlmgr
{
private:
    Mysqlmgr()
    {
        handle = mysql_init(0);

        // https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/c-api-auto-reconnect.html
        // set auto reconnect flag. When mysql restarted, we will auto reconnect
        bool reconnect = 1;
        mysql_options(handle, MYSQL_OPT_RECONNECT, &reconnect);
    }
    MYSQL *handle;

    Mysqlmgr(const Mysqlmgr &) = delete;            // no copy
    Mysqlmgr &operator=(const Mysqlmgr &) = delete; // no assignment
public:
    inline static Mysqlmgr &getinstance()
    {
        static Mysqlmgr instance;
        return instance;
    };

    ~Mysqlmgr()
    {
        if (handle)
        {
            mysql_close(handle);
        }
    }

    bool connect(const char *host, const char *user, const char *password,
                 const char *db, unsigned int port, const char *unix_socket, unsigned long client_flag)
    {
        MYSQL *h = mysql_real_connect(handle, host, user, password,
                                      db, port, unix_socket, client_flag);
        if (h)
            return true;
        else
            return false;
    }

    Stmt getstmt(const std::string &s)
    {
        MYSQL_STMT *stmt = mysql_stmt_init(handle);
        int x = mysql_stmt_prepare(stmt, s.c_str(), s.size());
        if (x != 0)
        {
            return Stmt{};
        }
        return Stmt{stmt};
    }

    inline Result query(const std::string &s)
    {
        int x = mysql_real_query(handle, s.c_str(), s.size());
        if (x != 0)
        {
            return Result{};
        }
        return use_result();
    }

    int execSQL(const std::string &sql)
    {
        if (!mysql_real_query(handle, sql.c_str(), (unsigned long)sql.length()))
        {
            return (int)mysql_affected_rows(handle);
        }
        else
        {
            return -1;
        }
    }

    inline int more_results()
    {
        return mysql_more_results(handle);
    }

    inline int next_result()
    {
        int x = mysql_next_result(handle);
        return x;
    }

    inline Result use_result()
    {
        MYSQL_RES *result = mysql_use_result(handle);
        if (!result)
        {
            Result{};
        }
        return Result{result};
    }

    const char *geterror()
    {
        return mysql_error(handle);
    }

    int ping()
    {
        if (!mysql_ping(handle))
        {
            return 0;
        }
        return -1;
    }

    int create_db(const std::string &strName)
    {
        std::string temp;
        temp = "CREATE DATABASE ";
        temp += strName;
        if (!mysql_real_query(handle, strName.c_str(), (unsigned long)temp.length()))
            return 0;
        else
            return -1;
    }

    int drop_db(const std::string &strName)
    {
        std::string temp;
        temp = "DROP DATABASE ";
        temp += strName;
        if (!mysql_real_query(handle, temp.c_str(), (unsigned long)temp.length()))
        {
            return 0;
        }
        else
        {
            return -1;
        }
    }
};

  • 0
    点赞
  • 2
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值