MySQL安装（8.0)

1.去官网下载安装包

下载链接：

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

如果你的系统是32位选择第一个，64位选择第二个

也可以用wget 下载

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-i686.tar.gz

官网安装说明链接：

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/binary-installation.html

解压文件

tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-i686.tar.gz

2 移动压缩包到usr/local目录下,并重命名文件(或使用软连接到/usr/local/mysql)

mv /root/mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-i686  /usr/local/mysql

3.在MySQL根目录下新建一个文件夹data,用于存放数据

mkdir data

4.创建 mysql 用户组和 mysql 用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

5.改变 mysql 目录权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

或者

chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
#注意最后有一点

6.初始化数据库

#安装依赖包
yum install perl perl-devel perl-Data-Dumper libaio-devel -y
 
#初始化 
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#或者
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

#初始化输出如下：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.11) initializing of server in progress as process 5826
 
 [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: **twi=Tlsi<0O!**   #临时密码
 
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.11) initializing of server has completed

记录好自己的临时密码：

   twi=Tlsi<0O!

7.mysql配置，修改/etc/my.cnf文件
/etc/my.cnf内容如下：

[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql   
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
port = 3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[client]
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

8.设置MySQL服务开机启动

#(生产不建议设置自启动)
chkconfig --add mysql 
cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld    
chkconfig --add mysqld

#检查服务是否生效  
chkconfig  --list mysqld

9.配置全局环境变量

编辑 / etc/profile 文件

在 profile 文件底部添加如下两行配置，保存后退出

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
export PATH

设置环境变量立即生效

 source /etc/profile

10.启动MySQL服务

service mysql start

查看初始密码,如果在my.cnf中配置了logs目录，则去配置的目录中找

cat /usr/local/mysql/logs/error.log |grep root

11.登录MySQL

mysql -uroot -p密码

修改密码：

#低版本
SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@localhost=PASSWORD('123456');   #对应的换成你自己的密码即可了。
#5.7以上版本
set password=password('123456');
#8.0.13及以上版本
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

12设置可以远程登录

mysql>use mysql
mysql>update user set host='%' where user='root' limit 1;
#刷新权限
mysql>flush privileges;

然后检查3306端口是否开放

netstat -nupl|grep 3306

开放3306端口

firewall -cmd --permanent --add-prot=3306/tcp

根据需要重启防火墙

firewall -cmd --reload

可能遇到的问题：

 Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sat 2019-10-12 00:21:10 CST; 8s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 46087 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 46937 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Oct 12 00:21:07 bigdata systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...
Oct 12 00:21:07 bigdata mysqld[46937]: Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/bigdata.err'.
Oct 12 00:21:10 bigdata mysqld[46937]: .. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/bigdata.pid).
Oct 12 00:21:10 bigdata systemd[1]: mysqld.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Oct 12 00:21:10 bigdata systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: start and stop MySQL.
Oct 12 00:21:10 bigdata systemd[1]: Unit mysqld.service entered failed state.
Oct 12 00:21:10 bigdata systemd[1]: mysqld.service failed.

解析：
查证文件夹【/usr/local/mysql】权限问题