epoll I/O复用模型

epoll使用步骤:

• epoll_create()：得到epoll实例
• epoll_ctl() : 设置文件描述符集
• epoll_wait() : 真正在等待的地方

#include <sys/epoll.h>
typedef union epoll_data {
     void        *ptr;
     int          fd;
     uint32_t     u32;
     uint64_t     u64;
 } epoll_data_t;
struct epoll_event {
    uint32_t     events;      /* Epoll events */
    epoll_data_t data;        /* User data variable */
};
int epoll_create(int size);
    size   :不用了，只是提示作用，没有实际限制大小
    return :epoll实例的文件描述符epfd
int epoll_ctl(int epfd, int op, int fd, struct epoll_event *event);
    epfd   :之前创建的
    op     :
        EPOLL_CTL_ADD
            注册文件描述符fd，和event内部fd相关联。
        EPOLL_CTL_MOD
            改变和fd相关的event
        EPOLL_CTL_DEL
            dereigster文件描述符fd,event将会成为NULL
    event  :描述和fd相关的参数情况
    events :
        EPOLLIN  :read操作
        EPOLLOUT :write操作
        EPOLLET  :edge-triger边缘触发
int epoll_wait(int epfd, struct epoll_event *events,int maxevents, int timeout);

使用代码示例

#define MAX_EVENTS 10
struct epoll_event ev,events[MAX_EVENTS];
//建立listening socket,'listen_sock'socket(),bind(),listen()
epollfd=epoll_create(10);
if(epollfd==-1){
    perror("epoll_create");
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
ev.events=EPOLLIN;
ev.data.fd=listen_sock;
if(epoll_ctl(epollfd,EPOLL_CTL_ADD,listen_sock,&ev)==-1){
    perror("epoll_ctl:listen_sock");
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
for(;;){
    nfds=epoll_wait(epollfd,events,MAX_EVENTS,-1);
    if(nfds==-1){
        perror("epoll_wait");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    for(n=0;n<nfds;n++){
        if(events[n].data.fd==listen_sock){
            conn_sock=accept(listen_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&local,&addrlen);
            if(conne_sock==-1){
                perror("accept");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
            }
            setnonblocking(conn_sock);
            ev.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;
            ev.data.fd = conn_sock;
            if (epoll_ctl(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, conn_sock,
                        &ev) == -1) {
                perror("epoll_ctl: conn_sock");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
            }
        }else{
            do_use_fd(events[n].data.fd);
        }
    }
}