SpringCloud微服务注册和消费模式总结

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-16 16:29:50 发布

caox_nazi

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-16 16:29:50 发布

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分类专栏： SpringBoot 文章标签： SpringCloud 服务注册和消费

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/caox_nazi/article/details/89475338

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SpringCloud微服务注册和消费模式总结

1.【微服务注册过程】：

（1）maven依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.caox</groupId>
	<artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>eureka-server</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
		<apollo-client.version>1.1.0</apollo-client.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- apollo配置 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.ctrip.framework.apollo</groupId>
			<artifactId>apollo-client</artifactId>
			<version>${apollo-client.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.ctrip.framework.apollo</groupId>
			<artifactId>apollo-core</artifactId>
			<version>${apollo-client.version}</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<id>aliyun-maven</id>
			<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
		</repository>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
			<snapshots>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</snapshots>
		</repository>
	</repositories>

</project>

（2）主配置文件application.yml:

server:
  port: 8761

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

（3）主程序切入口：

package com.caox;

import com.ctrip.framework.apollo.spring.annotation.EnableApolloConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
@EnableApolloConfig
public class EurekaServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
	}

}

2.【Eureka Client 服务提供者】：

（1）maven依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.caox</groupId>
	<artifactId>provider-server</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>provider-server</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
		<apollo-client.version>1.1.0</apollo-client.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

         <!--apollo配置-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.ctrip.framework.apollo</groupId>
			<artifactId>apollo-client</artifactId>
			<version>${apollo-client.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.ctrip.framework.apollo</groupId>
			<artifactId>apollo-core</artifactId>
			<version>${apollo-client.version}</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

（2）主配置文件:

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
  port: 8762
spring:
  application:
    name: provider-test

（3）主程序切入口：

package com.caox;

import com.ctrip.framework.apollo.spring.annotation.EnableApolloConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableApolloConfig
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ProviderServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ProviderServerApplication.class, args);
	}

}

（4）服务Controller层提供方法：

package com.caox.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

/**
 * @author : nazi
 * @version : 1.0
 * @date : 2019/4/22 17:02
 */
@Controller
public class ProviderController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String port;

    @RequestMapping(value = "hi")
    @ResponseBody
    public String hello(){
        return "hello world! I am from " + port;
    }
}

3. 【使用LoadBalancerClient服务消费模式】：负载均衡

（1）maven依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.voyer</groupId>
    <artifactId>voyer-consumer-test</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>voyer-consumer-test</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.M9</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>


</project>

（2）默认启动程序: 注入RestTemplate

package com.caox;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.spring.boot.annotation.EnableDubboConfiguration;
import com.ctrip.framework.apollo.spring.annotation.EnableApolloConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;


@CrossOrigin  //允许跨越访问
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableApolloConfig
@EnableDubboConfiguration
@EnableEurekaClient
public class SpringBootWebDemoApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringBootWebDemoApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}

}

（3）服务Controller层提供方法：

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {
    @Autowired
    LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/hi")
    public String hello(){
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose("provider-test");
        String url = "http://" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort() + "/hi";
        System.out.println(url);
        return restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
    }
}

其中 provider-test是指 Eureka Client 服务提供者服务实例名，配置是 spring.application.name

4. 【使用Ribbon服务消费模式】：负载均衡

（1）maven依赖：

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>

（2）默认启动程序:

package com.caox;

import com.ctrip.framework.apollo.spring.annotation.EnableApolloConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableApolloConfig
//@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
// 如果选用的注册中心是eureka，那么就推荐@EnableEurekaClient，如果是其他的注册中心，那么推荐使用@EnableDiscoveryClient。
public class ConsumerRibbonApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConsumerRibbonApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Bean
	@LoadBalanced
	public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}
}

（3）服务Controller层提供方法：

package com.caox.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * @author : nazi
 * @version : 1.0
 * @date : 2019/4/22 14:01
 */
@RestController
public class ConsumerController {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/hi")
    public String hello(){
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://spring-boot-web/hi", String.class);
    }
}

5. 【使用Feign服务消费模式】：负载均衡

（1）maven依赖：

 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

（2）默认启动程序:

package com.caox;

import com.ctrip.framework.apollo.spring.annotation.EnableApolloConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableApolloConfig
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ConsumerFeignApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConsumerFeignApplication.class, args);
	}

}

（3）接口服务层：

package com.caox.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

/**
 * @author : nazi
 * @version : 1.0
 * @date : 2019/4/22 16:34
 */
@FeignClient(value = "spring-boot-web")
public interface ConsumerService {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    String hiFromProvider();
}

（4）服务Controller层提供方法：

package com.caox.controller;

import com.caox.service.ConsumerService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @author : nazi
 * @version : 1.0
 * @date : 2019/4/22 16:33
 */
@RestController
public class ConsumerController {
    @Autowired
    ConsumerService consumerService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String hi(){
        return consumerService.hiFromProvider();
    }
}

参考文献：服务的注册与发现（Eureka）、服务消费（LoadBalancerClient、Ribbon、Feign）

其中 EnableDiscoveryClient与EnableEurekaClient的区别：Spring Cloud源码分析之Eureka篇第三章：EnableDiscoveryClient与EnableEurekaClient的区别(Edgware版本)

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SpringCloud微服务注册和消费模式总结

SpringCloud微服务注册和消费模式总结1.【微服务注册过程】：（1）maven依赖：<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-i...
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