Unittest二三事

1.unittest的属性：

['BaseTestSuite', 'FunctionTestCase', 'SkipTest', ' TestCase ', 'TestLoader', 'TestProgram', 'TestResult', ' TestSuite ', 'TextTestResult', ' TextTestRunner ', '_TextTestResult', '__all__', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', '__path__', '__unittest', 'case', ' defaultTestLoader ', ' expectedFailure ', 'findTestCases', 'getTestCaseNames', 'installHandler', 'loader', ' main ', 'makeSuite', 'registerResult', 'removeHandler', 'removeResult', 'result', 'runner', 'signals', ' skip ', ' skipIf ', ' skipUnless ', 'suite', 'util']

1）unittest.TestCase--所有测试用例类继承的基本类

2）unittest.TestSuit--用来创建测试套件

3）unittest.TextTestRunner--通过该类下面的run()方法可以用来执行测试套件组装的测试用例，传入的参数是suit测试套件

4）unittest.defaultTestLoader--通过该类下面的discover()方法可以自动根据测试目录匹配查找测试文件（test*.py）,并将查找到的测试用例组装到测试套件，因此可以直接通过run()方法运行discover

5）unittest.main--可以将单元测试模块变为可直接运行的脚本，main()方法使用TestLoader类来搜索包含在该模块中的以test*开头的测试方法，并自动执行它们。根据ASCII码的顺序加载执行用例0-9，A-Z，a-z

2.TestCase类的属性

['__call__', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_addSkip', '_baseAssertEqual', '_classSetupFailed', '_deprecate', '_diffThreshold', '_formatMessage', '_getAssertEqualityFunc', '_truncateMessage', 'addCleanup', 'addTypeEqualityFunc', 'assertAlmostEqual', 'assertAlmostEquals', 'assertDictContainsSubset', 'assertDictEqual', ' assertEqual ', 'assertEquals', ' assertFalse ', 'assertGreater', 'assertGreaterEqual', ' assertIn ', ' assertIs ', ' assertIsInstance ', ' assertIsNone ', ' assertIsNot ', ' assertIsNotNone ', 'assertItemsEqual', 'assertLess', 'assertLessEqual', 'assertListEqual', 'assertMultiLineEqual', 'assertNotAlmostEqual', 'assertNotAlmostEquals', ' assertNotEqual ', 'assertNotEquals', ' assertNotIn ', ' assertNotIsInstance ', 'assertNotRegexpMatches', 'assertRaises', 'assertRaisesRegexp', 'assertRegexpMatches', 'assertSequenceEqual', 'assertSetEqual', ' assertTrue ', 'assertTupleEqual', 'assert_', 'countTestCases', 'debug', 'defaultTestResult', 'doCleanups', 'fail', 'failIf', 'failIfAlmostEqual', 'failIfEqual', 'failUnless', 'failUnlessAlmostEqual', 'failUnlessEqual', 'failUnlessRaises', 'failureException', 'id', 'longMessage', 'maxDiff', 'run', ' setUp ', 'setUpClass', 'shortDescription', 'skipTest', ' tearDown ', 'tearDownClass']

1）setUp()--用于测试用例执行测试前的 初始工作。可以再setUp中建立数据库连接并进行初始化，实例化浏览器等

2）tearDown--测试用例执行后的善后工作。可以关闭数据库连接，关闭浏览器

3）assert*()--断言方法，最终用例是否通过，是通过测试结果和期望结果进行对比判断

（1）assertIn(a,b,[msg=测试失败时打印的信息])——断言a是否在b中，在b中则测试通过

（2）assertIs(a,b,[mag=测试失败时打印的信息])——断言a是b，是b则测试通过

（3）assertIsinstance(a,b,[msg=测试失败时打印的信息])——断言a是b的实例，是则测试通过

（4）assertNone(x,[msg=测试失败时打印的信息])——断言x是None,是则测试通过

（5）assertEqual(a,b,[msg=测试失败时打印的信息])——断言a=b,相等时则测试通过

（6）assertTrue(x,[msg=测试失败时打印的信息])——断言x是True,是则测试通过

3.TestSuit类的属性

['__call__', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_addClassOrModuleLevelException', '_get_previous_module', '_handleClassSetUp', '_handleModuleFixture', '_handleModuleTearDown', '_tearDownPreviousClass', '_tests', ' addTest ', ' addTests ', 'countTestCases', 'debug', 'run']

1）addTest()--将测试用例添加到测试套件中

    suit = unittest.TestSuite()

    ‘’’suit.addTest(测试用例所在的类名( "测试用例方法名" ))‘’’

    suit.addTest(Login( "test_user_login_001" ))

4.TextTestRunner类的属性

['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', '_makeResult', 'buffer', 'descriptions', 'failfast', 'resultclass', ' run ', 'stream', 'verbosity']

1）run()--运行测试套件中的测试用例，入参是测试套件suit

    suit = unittest.TestSuite()

    suit.addTest(Login( "test_user_login_001" ))

    runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()

    runner.run(suit)

5.defaultTestLoader类

1）discover()--自动根据测试目录匹配查找符合模式的测试用例文件（test*.py）,并将查找到的测试用例组装到测试套件中

test_dirctory = "testcase_for_test" #定义要运行的测试文件夹

#根据pattern自动匹配查找test_dirctory文件夹下的测试用例文件 testcase *. py

tests = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover( test_dirctory , pattern= " testcase *. py " , top_level_dir= None )

#执行测试用例

runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()

runner.run(tests)

执行测试

方案1

#coding= utf -8

'''

Created on 2017年9月19日

@author: caoyq

'''

import unittest

from pip._vendor.distlib.compat import raw_input

class LearningTest (unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp ( self ):

        self .number = raw_input()

        self .number = int( self .number)

       

    def test_case1 ( self ):

        print ( self .number)

        if self .number == 10 :

            self .assertEqual( self .number, 10 , msg= "Your input is 10!" )

        else :

            self .assertEqual( self .number, 10 , msg= "Your input is not 10!" )

           

    def test_case2 ( self ):

        print ( self .number)

       

    def tearDown ( self ):

        print ( "Game over!" )

       

if __name__ == "__main__" :

    unittest.main()

       

       

方案2

#coding= utf -8

'''

Created on 2017年9月19日

@author: caoyq

'''

import unittest

from pip._vendor.distlib.compat import raw_input

class LearningTest (unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp ( self ):

        self .number = raw_input()

        self .number = int( self .number)

       

    def test_case1 ( self ):

        print ( 'test_case1=' , self .number)

        self .assertEqual( self .number, 10 , msg= "Your input is not 10!" )

       

           

           

    def test_case2 ( self ):

        print ( ' test_case2 =' , self .number)

        self .assertEqual( self .number, 20 , msg= "Your input is not 20!" )

       

    def tearDown ( self ):

        print ( "Game over!" )

       

if __name__ == "__main__" :

    suit = unittest.TestSuite()

    suit.addTest(LearningTest( "test_case1" ))

    suit.addTest(LearningTest( " test_case2 " ))

    runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()

    runner.run(suit)

   

  

方案3

1.将测试用例放在一个包testcase_for_test下

2.在与该包平级下创建一个模块run

run.py

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-

'''

Created on 2017年9月19日

@author: caoyq

'''

import unittest

test_dir = "testcase_for_test"

tests = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(test_dir, "testcase002. py " )

runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()

runner.run(tests)