C++11特性（8）：追踪返回类型、范围for

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
 
//追踪返回类型
template<typename T1, typename T2>
auto Sum(const T1 &t1, const T2 &t2) ->decltype(t1 + t2)
{
     return (t1 + t2);
}

template<typename T1, typename T2>
auto Mul(const T1 & t1, const T2 & t2) ->decltype(t1 * t2)
{
     return (t1 * t2);
}
 
class OuterType
{
     struct InnerType{ int i; };
     InnerType GetInnerType();
     InnerType it;
};
//这里OuterType::InnerType就可以省略为InnerType
auto OuterType::GetInnerType() -> InnerType
{
     return it;
}
 
int(*(*fp())())(){return nullptr; }
//auto(*)() -> int(*)()
//auto fp1() -> auto(*)() -> int(*)()
auto fp1() -> auto(*)() -> int(*)()
{
     return nullptr;
}
 
double foo(int a)
{
     return (double)a + 0.1;
}
int foo(double a)
{
     return (int)a;
}
template<typename T>
auto PreFoo(T t) -> decltype(foo(t))
{
     return foo(t);
}
 
int main()
{
     auto a = 3;  //int
     auto b = 4L; //long
     auto c = 3.14; //double
     auto d = Sum(a, b);
     auto e = Mul(d, c);
     std::cout << typeid(d).name() << std::endl; //long
     std::cout << typeid(e).name() << std::endl; //double
 
     std::cout << std::is_same<decltype(fp), decltype(fp1)>::value << std::endl; //1
 
     std::cout << PreFoo(2) << std::endl; //2.1
     std::cout << PreFoo(1.4) << std::endl; //1

    //基于范围的for循环
     int ar[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
     std::vector<int> iv(ar, ar + 5);
     for (auto& i : iv)
          i *= 2;
     //2 4 6 8 10
     for (auto i : iv)
          std::cout << i << " ";
     //std::for_each(iv.begin(), iv.end(), [](const int i){std::cout << i << " "; });
     std::cout << std::endl;
     return 0;
}

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