由于最近要做渗透和安全方面的工作,经网友们的推荐选定了 kali linux 作为实施平台。但 vm 直装的方式太过麻烦了,本次 kali linux
将采用 docker 镜像的方式进行部署使用。
直接使用 run 运行命令启动 rolling 镜像,若镜像不存在,docker 会自动进行 checkout到本地,如下图:
docker run -it kalilinux/kali-rolling:latest /bin/bash
启动容器并进入容器内部后发现了一个大问题…所有 apt update 都用不了,如下图:
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/]
└─# apt-get update
Get:1 http://mirror.aktkn.sg/kali kali-rolling InRelease [41.2 kB]
Err:1 http://mirror.aktkn.sg/kali kali-rolling InRelease
The following signatures were invalid: EXPKEYSIG ED444FF07D8D0BF6 Kali Linux Repository <devel@kali.org>
Reading package lists... Done
W: GPG error: http://mirror.aktkn.sg/kali kali-rolling InRelease: The following signatures were invalid: EXPKEYSIG ED444FF07D8D0BF6 Kali Linux Repository <devel@kali.org>
E: The repository 'http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling InRelease' is not signed.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
apt update 用不了,apt install 就更加用不了了,想安装个 vim 都成问题怎么办呢?
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/]
└─# vi
bash: vi: command not found
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/]
└─# vim
bash: vim: command not found
通过在网上说可以通过更新签名可以解决
wget https://http.kali.org/kali/pool/main/k/kali-archive-keyring/kali-archive-keyring_2022.1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i kali-archive-keyring_2022.1_all.deb
我…我 tm 连 apt 都没有 wget、curl 又怎么可能会有嘛。
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/]
└─# wget https://http.kali.org/kali/pool/main/k/kali-archive-keyring/kali-archive-keyring_2018.1_all.deb
bash: wget: command not found
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/]
└─# curl https://http.kali.org/kali/pool/main/k/kali-archive-keyring/kali-archive-keyring_2018.1_all.deb
bash: curl: command not found
之后只能在宿主机先将这 kali-archive-keyring_2022.1_all.deb 先下载好了,之后通过 docker cp
拷贝到镜像里面,如下图:
yuanzhenhui@MacBook-Pro Downloads % docker cp kali-archive-keyring_2022.1_all.deb f7153892195d:/home
Successfully copied 7.17kB to f7153892195d:/home
yuanzhenhui@MacBook-Pro Downloads % docker exec -it f7153892195d /bin/bash
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/]
└─# cd /home
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/home]
└─# ls
kali-archive-keyring_2022.1_all.deb
接下来通过 apt install 对 deb 文件进行安装
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/home]
└─# apt install ./kali-archive-keyring_2022.1_all.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'kali-archive-keyring' instead of './kali-archive-keyring_2022.1_all.deb'
The following packages will be upgraded:
kali-archive-keyring
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/5140 B of archives.
After this operation, 1024 B disk space will be freed.
Get:1 /home/kali-archive-keyring_2022.1_all.deb kali-archive-keyring all 2022.1 [5140 B]
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
(Reading database ... 6801 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../kali-archive-keyring_2022.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking kali-archive-keyring (2022.1) over (2020.2) ...
Setting up kali-archive-keyring (2022.1) ...
Installed kali-archive-keyring as a trusted APT keyring.
但问题又来了,apt update 虽然可以搞定了,但是国外源太慢了有什么办法可以更新成国内源呢?
这个时候最新版的 docker desktop 提供了良好的解决方法
点击 View files 之后会看到镜像内部的文档结构目录,找到自己需要修改的文件点击鼠标右键即可进行编辑,如下图:
在下方区域可以添加你需要的国内源即可,如下图:
完事之后就可以进行一次 apt update 了
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/home]
└─# apt-get update
Get:1 http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling InRelease [41.2 kB]
Ign:2 http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main Sources
Get:3 http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/contrib Sources [77.6 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/non-free Sources [130 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/non-free amd64 Packages [218 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 Packages [19.5 MB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/contrib amd64 Packages [114 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main Sources [15.8 MB]
Fetched 35.8 MB in 1min 11s (506 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
之后 upgrade 和 dist-upgrade 更是少不了了,这里就不再细说。
为了做渗透、安全相关的工作,kali 的工具包也是必不可少的。但是作为初学者要怎么选呢?en…小孩子才会做选择,我全要了这个时候我们通过 apt
search kali-linux 进行一次工具包全搜索,如下图:
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/home]
└─# apt search kali-linux
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
kali-linux-core/kali-rolling,kali-rolling 2023.3.1 amd64
Kali's core packages
kali-linux-default/kali-rolling,kali-rolling 2023.3.1 amd64
Kali's default toolset
kali-linux-everything/kali-rolling,kali-rolling 2023.3.1 amd64
Every tool in Kali Linux
kali-linux-firmware/kali-rolling,kali-rolling 2023.3.1 amd64
Kali's default firmware files
kali-linux-headless/kali-rolling,kali-rolling 2023.3.1 amd64
Kali's default headless tools
kali-linux-labs/kali-rolling,kali-rolling 2023.3.1 amd64
Test environments for learning and practising on
kali-linux-large/kali-rolling,kali-rolling 2023.3.1 amd64
Kali's extended default tool selection
kali-linux-nethunter/kali-rolling,kali-rolling 2023.3.1 amd64
Kali on NetHunter devices
kali-linux-wsl/kali-rolling,kali-rolling 2023.3.1 amd64
Kali on WSL
由于 docker 版本的 kali linux rolling 并没有安装任何工具的,所以这个时候我们选择全安装就完事儿了,这里我们选择 kali-
linux-everything。
┌──(root💀f7153892195d)-[/home]
└─# apt install kali-linux-everything
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
...
0 upgraded, 3951 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 10.3 GB of archives.
After this operation, 28.8 GB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
28.8 GB …建议还是扩展一下 docker 磁盘的大小再安装会比较好。
经过漫长的安装终于是将所需的工具都安装好了,还是先打个镜像吧,以免一下子容器 remove 掉了之后又要重新做一遍。
网络安全成长路线图
这个方向初期比较容易入门一些,掌握一些基本技术,拿起各种现成的工具就可以开黑了。不过,要想从脚本小子变成hei客大神,这个方向越往后,需要学习和掌握的东西就会越来越多,以下是学习网络安全需要走的方向:
# 网络安全学习方法
上面介绍了技术分类和学习路线,这里来谈一下学习方法:
无论你是去B站或者是油管上面都有很多网络安全的相关视频可以学习,当然如果你还不知道选择那套学习,我这里也整理了一套和上述成长路线图挂钩的视频教程如果你对网络安全入门感兴趣,那么你点击这里👉CSDN大礼包:《黑客&网络安全入门&进阶学习资源包》免费分享https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/He8QluUyek840_wDlMuuiw)