第十二周_Matplotlib题目

Exercise 11.1: Plotting a function 

题目描述： Plotting a function Plot the function

f(x) = sin2(x−2)e−x2 over the interval [0,2]. Add proper axis labels, a title, etc.

代码：

import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt      
from numpy import *

x = linspace(0, 2)  
y = (sin(x - 2) ** 2) * exp((-x) ** 2) 
 
plt.xlabel('x')  
plt.ylabel('f(x)')  
plt.title('$f(x) = \sin^2(x-2)e^{-x^2}$')  

plt.plot(x, y)  
plt.show()  

运行结果：

Exercise 11.2: Data

题目描述：

Create a data matrix X with 20 observations of 10 variables. Generate a vector b with parameters Then generate the response vector y = Xb+z where z is a vector with standard normally distributed variables.
Now (by only using y and X), find an estimator for b, by solving
ˆ b = argmin b ||Xb−y||2

Plot the true parameters b and estimated parameters ˆ b. See Figure 1 for an example plot.

代码：

from scipy.optimize import nnls  
import numpy as np  
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
  
X = np.random.rand(20, 10)  
b = np.random.rand(10)*5
z = np.random.standard_normal(20)  
y = np.dot(X, b) + z  
  
b_, rnorm = nnls(X, y)  
  
plt.scatter(range(0, 10), b, s = 10, c = 'r', marker = 'x', label = 'True coefficients')  
plt.legend(loc = 'upper right')  
  
plt.scatter(range(0, 10), b_, s = 10, c = 'b', label = 'Estimated coefficients')  
plt.legend(loc = 'upper right')  
  
plt.xticks(range(0, 10))  
plt.xlabel('index')  
plt.ylabel('value')  
plt.show()  

运行结果：

Exercise 11.3:  Histogram and density estimation 

题目描述：

Generate a vector z of 10000 observations from your favorite exotic distribution. Then make a plot that shows a histogram of z (with 25 bins), along with an estimate for the density, using a Gaussian kernel density estimator (see scipy.stats). See Figure 2 for an example plot.

代码：

import scipy.stats  
import numpy as np  
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
  
z = scipy.stats.poisson(50).rvs(size = 10000)                       
plt.hist(z, bins = 25, normed = 1, edgecolor = 'black')  
  
kde_x = np.linspace(20, 80)  
kde_y = scipy.stats.gaussian_kde(z).pdf(kde_x)  
  
plt.plot(kde_x, kde_y)  
plt.show() 

运行结果：