spring IOC annotation

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Target(ElementType.TYPE)  
2. @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)  
3. @Documented  
4. public @interface Component {  
5.   
6.     /** 
7.      * The value may indicate a suggestion for a logical component name, 
8.      * to be turned into a Spring bean in case of an autodetected component. 
9.      * @return the suggested component name, if any 
10.      */  
11.     String value() default "";  
12.   
13. }  

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Component {

	/**
	 * The value may indicate a suggestion for a logical component name,
	 * to be turned into a Spring bean in case of an autodetected component.
	 * @return the suggested component name, if any
	 */
	String value() default "";

}

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Target({ElementType.TYPE})  
2. @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)  
3. @Documented  
4. @Component  
5. public @interface Repository {  
6.   
7.     /** 
8.      * The value may indicate a suggestion for a logical component name, 
9.      * to be turned into a Spring bean in case of an autodetected component. 
10.      * @return the suggested component name, if any 
11.      */  
12.     String value() default "";  
13.   
14. }  

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Repository {

	/**
	 * The value may indicate a suggestion for a logical component name,
	 * to be turned into a Spring bean in case of an autodetected component.
	 * @return the suggested component name, if any
	 */
	String value() default "";

}

@Component("userDao")注解在类上，表示定义了一个bean，id为userDao，和此注解类似的还有：@Repository,@Service,@Controller用来注解dao层，业务逻辑层和控制层，他们都会被解析成bean，只是后面几个spring会赋予一些特殊功能，所以写的时候根据类的作用写不同的注解

要在定义bean的时候，给bean定义scope那么就再添加一个注解@Scope

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})  
2. @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)  
3. @Documented  
4. public @interface Scope {  
5.   
6.     /** 
7.      * Specifies the scope to use for the annotated component/bean. 
8.      * @return the specified scope 
9.      */  
10.     String value() default BeanDefinition.SCOPE_SINGLETON;  
11.   
12.     /** 
13.      * Specifies whether a component should be configured as a scoped proxy 
14.      * and if so, whether the proxy should be interface-based or subclass-based. 
15.      * <p>Defaults to {@link ScopedProxyMode#NO}, indicating that no scoped 
16.      * proxy should be created. 
17.      * <p>Analogous to {@literal <aop:scoped-proxy/>} support in Spring XML. 
18.      */  
19.     ScopedProxyMode proxyMode() default ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT;  
20.   
21. }  

@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Scope {

	/**
	 * Specifies the scope to use for the annotated component/bean.
	 * @return the specified scope
	 */
	String value() default BeanDefinition.SCOPE_SINGLETON;

	/**
	 * Specifies whether a component should be configured as a scoped proxy
	 * and if so, whether the proxy should be interface-based or subclass-based.
	 * <p>Defaults to {@link ScopedProxyMode#NO}, indicating that no scoped
	 * proxy should be created.
	 * <p>Analogous to {@literal <aop:scoped-proxy/>} support in Spring XML.
	 */
	ScopedProxyMode proxyMode() default ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT;

}

要实现bean的装配，那么使用@Autowired，@Qualifier,@Resource

@Autowired 默认按类型进行装配，如果找不到就出异常，required属性定义为false就不会出异常了

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)  
2. @Target({ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR, ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.METHOD})  
3. public @interface Autowired {  
4.   
5.     /** 
6.      * Declares whether the annotated dependency is required. 
7.      * <p>Defaults to <code>true</code>. 
8.      */  
9.     boolean required() default true;  
10.   
11. }  

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR, ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.METHOD})
public @interface Autowired {

	/**
	 * Declares whether the annotated dependency is required.
	 * <p>Defaults to <code>true</code>.
	 */
	boolean required() default true;

}

如果容器中有一个以上的bean匹配，那么使用@Qualifier限定Bean的名称，和@Autowired配合使用

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)  
2. @Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE})  
3. @Inherited  
4. @Documented  
5. public @interface Qualifier {  
6.   
7.     String value() default "";  
8.   
9. }  

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE})
@Inherited
@Documented
public @interface Qualifier {

	String value() default "";

}

 

@Resource和@Autowired类似,不过@Resource是javax.annotation包下的

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Target({TYPE, FIELD, METHOD})  
2. @Retention(RUNTIME)  
3. public @interface Resource {  

@Target({TYPE, FIELD, METHOD})
@Retention(RUNTIME)
public @interface Resource {

@Resource("car") 找id为car的bean注入，这个注解要求提供一个bean名称的属性，如果没有指定，那么默认采用标注处的变量名或方法名作为bean的名称。与@Resource雷同的还有@Inject，很少使用，建议用@Autowired

@Resource装配顺序
如果同时指定了name和type，则从Spring上下文中找到唯一匹配的bean进行装配，找不到则抛出异常

如果指定了name，则从上下文中查找名称（id）匹配的bean进行装配，找不到则抛出异常

如果指定了type，则从上下文中找到类型匹配的唯一bean进行装配，找不到或者找到多个，都会抛出异常

如果既没有指定name，又没有指定type，则自动按照byName方式进行装配（见2）；如果没有匹配，则回退为一个原始类型（UserDao）进行匹配，如果匹配则自动装配；

 

在类中定义了这些注解后，要在配置文件中使用context命名空间中的component-scan的base-package属性指定扫描的路径,那么该包以及下面所有的子包中的类都会被扫描

[html] view plain copy print ?

1. <context:component-scan base-package="com.baobaotao.anno"/>  

<context:component-scan base-package="com.baobaotao.anno"/>

这个元素里可以配置扫描哪些类，排除哪些类

[html] view plain copy print ?

1. <context:component-scan base-package="com.auscend">  
2.         <!-- 安全性配置，如果启用安全性，请注释掉 -->  
3.         <context:exclude-filter type="regex" expression="com.auscend.secure.*"/>  
4.           
5.         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>  
6. </context:component-scan>       
7.       

<context:component-scan base-package="com.auscend">
		<!-- 安全性配置，如果启用安全性，请注释掉 -->
		<context:exclude-filter type="regex" expression="com.auscend.secure.*"/>
		
		<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>		
	

[html] view plain copy print ?

1. <context:component-scan base-package="com.baobaotao">  
2.        <context:include-filter type="regex" expression="com\.baobaotao\.anno.*Dao"/>  
3.        <context:include-filter type="regex" expression="com\.baobaotao\.anno.*Service"/>  
4.        <context:exclude-filter type="aspectj" expression="com.baobaotao..*Controller+"/>  
5. </context:component-scan>  

<context:component-scan base-package="com.baobaotao">
       <context:include-filter type="regex" expression="com\.baobaotao\.anno.*Dao"/>
       <context:include-filter type="regex" expression="com\.baobaotao\.anno.*Service"/>
       <context:exclude-filter type="aspectj" expression="com.baobaotao..*Controller+"/>
</context:component-scan>

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1. <context:component-scan base-package="com.baobaotao" resource-pattern="anno/*.class"/>  

<context:component-scan base-package="com.baobaotao" resource-pattern="anno/*.class"/>

支持的过滤器类型：

Filter Type	Example Expression	Description
annotation	org.example.SomeAnnotation	An annotation to be present at the type level in target components.
assignable	org.example.SomeClass	A class (or interface) that the target components are assignable to (extend/implement).
aspectj	org.example..*Service+	An AspectJ type expression to be matched by the target components.
regex	org\.example\.Default.*	A regex expression to be matched by the target components class names.
custom	org.example.MyTypeFilter	A custom implementation of the org.springframework.core.type .TypeFilter interface.

练习时请使用ApplicationContext，因为有些BeanFacory不支持自动依赖注入。