Android权限获取封装成module

一、PermissionsChecker.java

用于判断是否有权限
代码如下（示例）：

package com.cdc.permission;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
public class PermissionsChecker{
    private final Context mContext;
    public PermissionsChecker(Context context) {
        mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
    }
    /**
     * 判断权限集合
     * @param permissions
     * @return true：有权限没有获取；false:权限都已被获取
     */
    public boolean lacksPermissions(String... permissions) {
        for (String permission : permissions) {
            if (lacksPermission(permission)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    /**
     * 判断是否缺少权限
     * 即:某个权限没有获取到
     * @param permission
     * @return
     */
    private boolean lacksPermission(String permission) {
        return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, permission) ==
                PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
    }
}

二、PermissionsActivity.java

1. 权限获取页面java

package com.gisluq.runtimeviewer.Permission;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.Settings;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;

import com.gisluq.runtimeviewer.R;

/**
 * 权限获取页面
 */
public class PermissionsActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    public static final int PERMISSIONS_GRANTED = 200; // 权限授权
    public static final int PERMISSIONS_DENIED = 400; // 权限拒绝
    private static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 0; // 系统权限管理页面的参数
    private static final String EXTRA_PERMISSIONS =
            "com.cdc.permission.extra_permission"; // 权限参数
    private static final String PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME = "package:"; // 方案
    private PermissionsChecker mChecker; // 权限检测器
    private boolean isRequireCheck; // 是否需要系统权限检测, 防止和系统提示框重叠

    // 启动当前权限页面的公开接口
    public static void startActivityForResult(Activity activity, int requestCode, String... permissions) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(activity, PermissionsActivity.class);
        intent.putExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS, permissions);
        ActivityCompat.startActivityForResult(activity, intent, requestCode, null);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        if (getIntent() == null || !getIntent().hasExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS)) {
            throw new RuntimeException("PermissionsActivity需要使用静态startActivityForResult方法启动!");
        }
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_permissions);
        mChecker = new PermissionsChecker(this);
        isRequireCheck = true;
    }
    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        if (isRequireCheck) {
            String[] permissions = getPermissions();
            if (mChecker.lacksPermissions(permissions)) {
                requestPermissions(permissions); // 请求权限
            } else {
                allPermissionsGranted(); // 全部权限都已获取
            }
        } else {
            isRequireCheck = true;
        }
    }

    // 返回传递的权限参数
    private String[] getPermissions() {
        return getIntent().getStringArrayExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS);
    }

    // 请求权限兼容低版本
    private void requestPermissions(String... permissions) {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
    }

    // 全部权限均已获取
    private void allPermissionsGranted() {
        setResult(PERMISSIONS_GRANTED);
        finish();
    }

    /**
     * 用户权限处理,
     * 如果全部获取, 则直接过.
     * 如果权限缺失, 则提示Dialog.
     *
     * @param requestCode  请求码
     * @param permissions  权限
     * @param grantResults 结果
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        if (requestCode == PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE && hasAllPermissionsGranted(grantResults)) {
            isRequireCheck = true;
            allPermissionsGranted();
        } else {
            isRequireCheck = false;
            showMissingPermissionDialog();
        }
    }

    // 含有全部的权限
    private boolean hasAllPermissionsGranted(@NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
            if (grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    // 显示缺失权限提示
    private void showMissingPermissionDialog() {
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(PermissionsActivity.this);
        builder.setTitle(R.string.help);
        builder.setMessage(R.string.string_help_text);

        // 拒绝, 退出应用
        builder.setNegativeButton(R.string.quit, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                setResult(PERMISSIONS_DENIED);
                finish();
            }
        });

        builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.settings, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                startAppSettings();
            }
        });

        builder.setCancelable(false);

        builder.show();
    }

    // 启动应用的设置
    private void startAppSettings() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
        intent.setData(Uri.parse(PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME + getPackageName()));
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

2. activity_permissions.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<View xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/image"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:adjustViewBounds="true"
    android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
    android:contentDescription="@null" />

3. string.xml

    <!--权限配置-->
    <string name="settings">设置</string>
    <string name="help">帮助</string>
    <string name="string_help_text">当前应用缺少必要权限。\n\n请点击\"设置\"-\"权限\"-打开所需权限。\n\n最后点击两次后退按钮，即可返回。</string>
    <string name="quit">退出</string>

4. 清单文件中PermissionsActivity的配置

    <activity
     android:name="com.gisluq.runtimeviewer.Permission.PermissionsActivity"
     //如果不配置,在授予权限时,如果横竖屏切换,则授予权限的弹框会多次弹出
     android:configChanges="orientation|navigation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"/>

三、调用权限获取页面

1. InitActivity.java

在应用的首页面中获取权限

package com.cdc.gisdemo;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.cdc.permission.PermissionsActivity;
import com.cdc.permission.PermissionsChecker;

public class InitActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private final int SPLASH_DISPLAY_LENGTH = 2000; // 延迟时间
    private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 0; // 请求码
    private Context context = null;
    // 所需的全部权限
    private static final String[] PERMISSIONS = new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.INTERNET,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,//写入存储
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,//位置信息
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
            Manifest.permission.CAMERA //相机
    };

    private PermissionsChecker mPermissionsChecker; // 权限检测

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        context = this;
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_init);

        mPermissionsChecker = new PermissionsChecker(this);
        // 缺少权限时, 进入权限配置页面
        if (mPermissionsChecker.lacksPermissions(PERMISSIONS)) {
            startPermissionsActivity();
        } else {
            goMain();
        }
        TextView tvName = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.tvName);
        TextView tvVersionName = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.tvVersionName);
        try {
            PackageManager packageManager = this.getPackageManager();
            PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(
                    this.getPackageName(), 0);
            tvVersionName.setText("版本号:" + packageInfo.versionName + "_" + packageInfo.versionCode);
            tvName.setText(this.getResources().getString(packageInfo.applicationInfo.labelRes));
        } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 弹出权限获取提示信息
     */
    private void startPermissionsActivity() {
        PermissionsActivity.startActivityForResult(this, REQUEST_CODE, PERMISSIONS);
    }

    private void goMain() {
        new Handler(Looper.myLooper()).postDelayed(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                startActivity();
            }
        }, SPLASH_DISPLAY_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * 跳转
     */
    private void startActivity() {
        Intent mainIntent = new Intent(context, MainActivity.class);
        context.startActivity(mainIntent);
        ((Activity) context).finish();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
            if (resultCode == PermissionsActivity.PERMISSIONS_DENIED) {
                //权限被拒绝
            } else if (resultCode == PermissionsActivity.PERMISSIONS_GRANTED) {
                //权限被授予
            }
            goMain();
        }
    }
}

四、封装成module

可以将上面中的第一、第二步封装在一个module里面，通过第三步调用。module的详情见:
https://gitee.com/cdcdec/AndroidModule/tree/master/permission

总结

1. Android中权限获取需要注意的是:

如果用户不授予权限时，只在下一次进入程序时，再此弹出授予权限的弹框，不能退出程序。（华为市场不允许这样的应用上架）

2 .new Handler()已过时

可以用new Handler(Looper.myLooper())代替