Redis数据类型+分布式锁+缓存过期淘汰策略

官网命令地址

http://www.redis.cn/commands.html

8种数据类型

string类型

应用场景

• 商品编号、订单编号采用INCR命令生成
• 是否喜欢的文章

hash

应用场景

• 购物车早期，当前小中厂可用
  

list

应用场景

• 微信文章订阅公众号
  

set

zset

应用场景

• 根据商品销售对商品进行排序显示
  思路:定义商品销售排行榜(sorted set集合)，key为goods:sellsort，分数为商品销售数量。

需求	代码
商品编号1001的销量是9，商品编号1002的销量是15	zadd goods:sellsort 9 1001 15 1002
有一个客户又买了2件商品1001，商品编号1001销量加2	zincrby goods:sellsort 2 1001
求商品销量前10名	ZRANGE goods:sellsort 0 10 withscores

分布式锁

分布式锁的面试题

• redis的spingboot配置

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
 
/**
 * 保证不是序列化后的乱码配置
 */
    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        return redisTemplate;
    }
} 

• 代码1.0

package com.hhf.study.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class GoodController {

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

        String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
        int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

        if (goodsNumber > 0){
            int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
            stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
            System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
            return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
        }else {
            System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
        }
        return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
    }

}

上面测试通过求吐槽

1、单机版没加锁

• 问题：没有加锁，并发下数字不对，出现超卖现象
• 思考：加synchronized还是加ReentrantLock，还是都可以？

lock锁2.0

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

@RestController
public class GoodController {

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

        if (lock.tryLock()){
            try {
                String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
                int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);
                if (goodsNumber > 0){
                    int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                    stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                    System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                    return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
            }
        }finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }else {
            System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
        }
        return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
    }

}

synchronized 锁 2.0

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

@RestController
public class GoodController {

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){
        synchronized (this) {
            String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
            int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

            if (goodsNumber > 0){
                int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
            }else {
                System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
            }
            return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
        }
    }
}

解释

在单机环境下，可以使用synchronized或Lock来实现。
但是在分布式系统中，因为竞争的线程可能不在同一个节点上(同一个jvm中），所以需要一个让所有进程都能访问到的锁来实现，比如redis或者zookeeper来构建;
不同进程jvm层面的锁就不管用了，那么可以利用第三方的一个组件，来获取锁，未获取到锁，则阻塞当前想要运行的线程

2、nginx分布式微服务架构

解决

• 上redis分布式锁setnx

代码修改为3.0版

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

@RestController
public class GoodController {


    public static final String REDIS_LOCK_KEY = "lockhhf";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

        String value = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+Thread.currentThread().getName();
        //setIfAbsent() 就是如果不存在就新建
        Boolean lockFlag = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(REDIS_LOCK_KEY, value);//setnx

        if (!lockFlag) {  
            return "抢锁失败，┭┮﹏┭┮";
        }else {
            String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
            int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

            if (goodsNumber > 0){
                int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                stringRedisTemplate.delete(REDIS_LOCK_KEY);//释放锁
                return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
            }else {
                System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
            }
            return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
        }
    }
}

3. 出异常的话，可能无法释放锁， 必须要在代码层面finally释放锁

• 解决：加锁解锁，lock/unlock必须同时出现并保证调用
  修改为4.0

package com.hhf.study.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

@RestController
public class GoodController {


    public static final String REDIS_LOCK_KEY = "lockhhf";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

        String value = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+Thread.currentThread().getName();
        try{
            //setIfAbsent() 就是如果不存在就新建
            Boolean lockFlag = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(REDIS_LOCK_KEY, value);//setnx

            if (!lockFlag) {
                return "抢锁失败，┭┮﹏┭┮";
            }else {
                String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
                int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

                if (goodsNumber > 0){
                    int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                    stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                    System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);

                    return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                }
                return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
            }
        }finally {
            stringRedisTemplate.delete(REDIS_LOCK_KEY);//释放锁
        }
      
    }
}

4.部署了微服务jar包的机器挂了，代码层面根本没有走到finally这块， 没办法保证解锁，这个key没有被删除，需要加入一个过期时间限定key

• 解决：需要对lockKey有过期时间的设定

修改为5.0

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

@RestController
public class GoodController {


    public static final String REDIS_LOCK_KEY = "lockhhf";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

        String value = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+Thread.currentThread().getName();
        try{
            //setIfAbsent() 就是如果不存在就新建
            Boolean lockFlag = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(REDIS_LOCK_KEY, value);//setnx
            stringRedisTemplate.expire(REDIS_LOCK_KEY,10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            if (!lockFlag) {
                return "抢锁失败，┭┮﹏┭┮";
            }else {
                String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
                int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

                if (goodsNumber > 0){
                    int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                    stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                    System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);

                    return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                }
                return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
            }
       
        }finally {
            stringRedisTemplate.delete(REDIS_LOCK_KEY);//释放锁
        }
       
    }
}

5.设置key+过期时间分开了，必须要合并成一行具备原子性

修改为6.0

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

@RestController
public class GoodController {


    public static final String REDIS_LOCK_KEY = "lockhhf";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

        String value = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+Thread.currentThread().getName();
        try{
            //setIfAbsent() == setnx 就是如果不存在就新建，同时加上过期时间保证原子性
            Boolean lockFlag = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(REDIS_LOCK_KEY, value,10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

            if (!lockFlag) {
                return "抢锁失败，┭┮﹏┭┮";
            }else {
                String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
                int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

                if (goodsNumber > 0){
                    int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                    stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                    System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);

                    return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                }
                return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
            }
        }finally {
            stringRedisTemplate.delete(REDIS_LOCK_KEY);//释放锁
        }
    }
}

6. 张冠李戴，删除了别人的锁

• 解决：只能自己删除自己的，不许动别人的
  修改为7.0

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

@RestController
public class GoodController {


    public static final String REDIS_LOCK_KEY = "lockhhf";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

             String value = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+Thread.currentThread().getName();
            try{
                //setIfAbsent() == setnx 就是如果不存在就新建，同时加上过期时间保证原子性
                Boolean lockFlag = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(REDIS_LOCK_KEY, value,10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                stringRedisTemplate.expire(REDIS_LOCK_KEY,10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                if (!lockFlag) {
                    return "抢锁失败，┭┮﹏┭┮";
                }else {
                    String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
                    int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

                    if (goodsNumber > 0){
                        int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                        stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                        System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);

                        return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
                    }else {
                        System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                    }
                    return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
                }
               
                }finally {
                if (value.equalsIgnoreCase(stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(REDIS_LOCK_KEY))){
                    stringRedisTemplate.delete(REDIS_LOCK_KEY);//释放锁
                }
                }

    }
}

7.finally块的判断+del删除操作不是原子性的

• 解决：1、用redis自身的事务
  
  修改为版本8.1

package com.hhf.study.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;


@RestController
public class GoodController {


    public static final String REDIS_LOCK_KEY = "lockhhf";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

        String value = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+Thread.currentThread().getName();

        try{
            //setIfAbsent() == setnx 就是如果不存在就新建，同时加上过期时间保证原子性
            Boolean lockFlag = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(REDIS_LOCK_KEY, value,10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            stringRedisTemplate.expire(REDIS_LOCK_KEY,10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            if (!lockFlag) {
                return "抢锁失败，┭┮﹏┭┮";
            }else {
                String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
                int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

                if (goodsNumber > 0){
                    int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                    stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                    System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                    return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                }
                return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
            }
        }finally {
            while (true)
            {
                stringRedisTemplate.watch(REDIS_LOCK_KEY); //加事务，乐观锁
                if (value.equalsIgnoreCase(stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(REDIS_LOCK_KEY))){
                    stringRedisTemplate.setEnableTransactionSupport(true);
                    stringRedisTemplate.multi();//开始事务
                    stringRedisTemplate.delete(REDIS_LOCK_KEY);
                    List<Object> list = stringRedisTemplate.exec();
                    if (list == null) {  //如果等于null，就是没有删掉，删除失败，再回去while循环那再重新执行删除
                        continue;
                    }
                }
                //如果删除成功，释放监控器，并且breank跳出当前循环
                stringRedisTemplate.unwatch();
                break;
            }
        }
       
    }
}

• 用lua脚本，Redis可以通过eval命令保证代码执行的原子性
  修改为8.2版

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;

public class RedisUtils {

    private static JedisPool jedisPool;

    static {
        JedisPoolConfig jedisPoolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
        jedisPoolConfig.setMaxTotal(20);
        jedisPoolConfig.setMaxIdle(10);
       
        jedisPool = new JedisPool(jedisPoolConfig,"ip",6379,100000);
    }

    public static Jedis getJedis() throws Exception{
        if (null!=jedisPool){
            return jedisPool.getResource();
        }
        throw new Exception("Jedispool is not ok");
    }
}

import com.hhf.study.util.RedisUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;


@RestController
public class GoodController {


    public static final String REDIS_LOCK_KEY = "lockhhf";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods() throws Exception{

        String value = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+Thread.currentThread().getName();

        try{
            //setIfAbsent() == setnx 就是如果不存在就新建，同时加上过期时间保证原子性
            Boolean lockFlag = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(REDIS_LOCK_KEY, value,10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            stringRedisTemplate.expire(REDIS_LOCK_KEY,10L, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            if (!lockFlag) {
                return "抢锁失败，┭┮﹏┭┮";
            }else {
                String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
                int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

                if (goodsNumber > 0){
                    int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                    stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                    System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                    return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                }
                return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
            }
        }finally {
            Jedis jedis = RedisUtils.getJedis();

            String script = "if redis.call('get', KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1]"+"then "
                    +"return redis.call('del', KEYS[1])"+"else "+ "  return 0 " + "end";
                try{
                    Object result = jedis.eval(script, Collections.singletonList(REDIS_LOCK_KEY), Collections.singletonList(value));
                    if ("1".equals(result.toString())){
                        System.out.println("------del REDIS_LOCK_KEY success");
                    }else {
                        System.out.println("------del REDIS_LOCK_KEY error");
                    }
                    }finally {
                        if (null != jedis){
                            jedis.close();
                        }
                    }
        }

    }
}

8.确保redisLock过期时间大于业务执行时间的问题

9.综上所述

• redis集群环境下，我们自己写的也不OK, 直接上RedLock之Redisson落地实现

• 上Redisson

redis配置类

import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.config.Config;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 保证不是序列化后的乱码配置
 */
@Configuration
    public class RedisConfig {

    @Value("${spring.redis.host}")
    private String redisHost;

        @Bean
        public RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
            RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
            redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
            redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
            redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
            return redisTemplate;
        }

    @Bean
    public Redisson redisson(){
        Config config = new Config();
        config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://"+redisHost+":6379").setDatabase(0);
        return (Redisson) Redisson.create(config);
    }
}
 

业务代码修改为9.0版

import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.api.RLock;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;


@RestController
public class GoodController {


    public static final String REDIS_LOCK_KEY = "lockhhf";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @Autowired
    private Redisson redisson;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

        String value = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+Thread.currentThread().getName();

        RLock redissonLock = redisson.getLock(REDIS_LOCK_KEY);
        redissonLock.lock();
        try{
                String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
                int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

                if (goodsNumber > 0){
                    int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                    stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                    System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                    return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                }
                return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;

        }finally {
            redissonLock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

9.0版本bug及完善到9.1

修改最终版9.1

import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.api.RLock;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;


@RestController
public class GoodController {


    public static final String REDIS_LOCK_KEY = "lockhhf";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @Autowired
    private Redisson redisson;

    @GetMapping("/buy_goods")
    public String buy_Goods(){

        String value = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+Thread.currentThread().getName();

        RLock redissonLock = redisson.getLock(REDIS_LOCK_KEY);
        redissonLock.lock();
        try{
            String result = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("goods:001");
            int goodsNumber = result == null ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(result);

            if (goodsNumber > 0){
                int realNumber = goodsNumber - 1;
                stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("goods:001",realNumber + "");
                System.out.println("你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
                return "你已经成功秒杀商品，此时还剩余：" + realNumber + "件"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;
            }else {
                System.out.println("商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort);
            }
            return "商品已经售罄/活动结束/调用超时，欢迎下次光临"+"\t 服务器端口: "+serverPort;

        }finally {
            //还在持有锁的状态，并且是当前线程持有的锁再解锁
            if (redissonLock.isLocked() && redissonLock.isHeldByCurrentThread()){
                redissonLock.unlock();
            }

        }
    }
}

总结

• synchronized 单机版oK，上分布式
• nginx分布式微服务 单机锁不行
• 取消单机锁 上redis分布式锁setnx
• 只加了锁，没有释放锁， 出异常的话，可能无法释放锁， 必须要在代码层面finally释放锁
• 宕机了，部署了微服务代码层面根本没有走到finally这块，没办法保证解锁，这个key没有被删除，需要有lockKey的过期时间设定
• 为redis的分布式锁key，增加过期时间 此外，还必须要setnx+过期时间必须同一行的原子性操作
• 必须规定只能自己删除自己的锁，你不能把别人的锁删除了,防止张冠李戴，1删2,2删3
• lua或者事务
• redis集群环境下，我们自己写的也不OK 直接上RedLock之Redisson落地实现

redis缓存过期淘汰策略

redis内存满了怎么办

①查看Redis最大占用内存

打开redis配置文件，设置maxmemory参数，maxmemory是bytes字节类型，注意转换。

② redis默认内存多少可以用？

如果不设置最大内存大小或者设置最大内存大小为0，在64位操作系统下不限制内存大小，在32位操作系统下最多使用3GB内存
③ 一般生产上你如何配置？

一般推荐Redis设置内存为最大物理内存的四分之三，也就是0.75

④ 如何修改redis内存设置
通过修改配置文件

通过命令

⑤ 什么命令查看redis内存使用情况?

info memory

⑥ 如果redis内存使用超出设置的最大值，会抛出如下error

⑦ 结论

redis缓存淘汰策略

有哪些？

• noeviction: 不会驱逐任何key。
• allkeys-lru: 对所有key使用LRU算法进行删除
• volatile-lru: 对所有设置了过期时间的key使用LRU算法进行删除
• allkeys-random: 对所有key随机删除
• volatile-random: 对所有设置了过期时间的key随机删除
• volatile-ttl: 删除马上要过期的key
• allkeys-lfu: 对所有key使用LFU算法进行删除
• volatile-lfu: 对所有设置了过期时间的key使用LFU算法进行删除

redis的LRU算法简介

• 是什么？

LRU是Least Recently Used的缩写，即最近最少使用，是一种常用的页面置换算法，选择最近最久未使用的数据予以淘汰。

• LRU的算法核心是哈希链表

本质就是HashMap+DoubleLinkedList 时间复杂度是O(1)，哈希表+双向链表的结合体

手写LRU算法

案例1
依赖JDK

package com.hhf.study.lru;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class LRUCacheDemo<K,V> extends LinkedHashMap<K, V> {

    private int capacity;//缓存坑位

    public LRUCacheDemo(int capacity) {
        super(capacity,0.75F,false);
        this.capacity = capacity;
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry<K, V> eldest) {
        return super.size() > capacity;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        LRUCacheDemo lruCacheDemo = new LRUCacheDemo(3);

        lruCacheDemo.put(1,"a");
        lruCacheDemo.put(2,"b");
        lruCacheDemo.put(3,"c");
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.keySet());

        lruCacheDemo.put(4,"d");
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.keySet());

        lruCacheDemo.put(3,"c");
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.keySet());
        lruCacheDemo.put(3,"c");
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.keySet());
        lruCacheDemo.put(3,"c");
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.keySet());
        lruCacheDemo.put(5,"x");
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.keySet());
    }
}

/**
 * true
 * [1, 2, 3]
 * [2, 3, 4]
 * [2, 4, 3]
 * [2, 4, 3]
 * [2, 4, 3]
 * [4, 3, 5]
 * */

/**
 [1, 2, 3]
 [2, 3, 4]
 [2, 3, 4]
 [2, 3, 4]
 [2, 3, 4]
 [3, 4, 5]
 */
 

案例二
不依赖jdk

package com.hhf.study.lru;

import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class LRUCacheDemo{


    //map负责查找，构建一个虚拟的双向链表，它里面安装的就是一个个Node节点，作为数据载体。

    //1.构造一个node节点作为数据载体
    class Node<K, V>
    {
        K key;
        V value;
        Node<K,V> prev;
        Node<K,V> next;

        public Node(){
            this.prev = this.next = null;
        }

        public Node(K key, V value)
        {
            this.key = key;
            this.value = value;
            this.prev = this.next = null;
        }

    }

    //2 构建一个虚拟的双向链表,,里面安放的就是我们的Node
    class DoubleLinkedList<K, V>
    {
        Node<K, V> head;
        Node<K, V> tail;

        public DoubleLinkedList(){
            head = new Node<>();
            tail = new Node<>();
            head.next = tail;
            tail.prev = head;
        }

        //3. 添加到头
        public void addHead(Node<K,V> node)
        {
            node.next = head.next;
            node.prev = head;
            head.next.prev = node;
            head.next = node;
        }

        //4.删除节点
        public void removeNode(Node<K, V> node) {
            node.next.prev = node.prev;
            node.prev.next = node.next;
            node.prev = null;
            node.next = null;
        }

        //5.获得最后一个节点
        public Node getLast() {
            return tail.prev;
        }
    }

    private int cacheSize;
    Map<Integer,Node<Integer,Integer>> map;
    DoubleLinkedList<Integer,Integer> doubleLinkedList;

    public LRUCacheDemo(int cacheSize)
    {
        this.cacheSize = cacheSize;//坑位
        map = new HashMap<>();//查找
        doubleLinkedList = new DoubleLinkedList<>();
    }

    public int get(int key){
        if (!map.containsKey(key)){
            return -1;
        }

        Node<Integer, Integer> node = map.get(key);
        doubleLinkedList.removeNode(node);
        doubleLinkedList.addHead(node);

        return node.value;
    }

    public void put(int key, int value)
    {
        if (map.containsKey(key)){  //update
            Node<Integer, Integer> node = map.get(key);
            node.value = value;
            map.put(key, node);

            doubleLinkedList.removeNode(node);
            doubleLinkedList.addHead(node);
        }else {
            if (map.size() == cacheSize)  //坑位满了
            {
                Node<Integer,Integer> lastNode = doubleLinkedList.getLast();
                map.remove(lastNode.key);
                doubleLinkedList.removeNode(lastNode);
            }

            //新增一个
            Node<Integer, Integer> newNode = new Node<>(key, value);
            map.put(key,newNode);
            doubleLinkedList.addHead(newNode);

        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        LRUCacheDemo lruCacheDemo = new LRUCacheDemo(3);

        lruCacheDemo.put(1,1);
        lruCacheDemo.put(2,2);
        lruCacheDemo.put(3,3);
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.map.keySet());

        lruCacheDemo.put(4,1);
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.map.keySet());

        lruCacheDemo.put(3,1);
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.map.keySet());
        lruCacheDemo.put(3,1);
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.map.keySet());
        lruCacheDemo.put(3,1);
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.map.keySet());
        lruCacheDemo.put(5,1);
        System.out.println(lruCacheDemo.map.keySet());

    }
}

/**
 * true
 * [1, 2, 3]
 * [2, 3, 4]
 * [2, 4, 3]
 * [2, 4, 3]
 * [2, 4, 3]
 * [4, 3, 5]
 * */

/**
 [1, 2, 3]
 [2, 3, 4]
 [2, 3, 4]
 [2, 3, 4]
 [2, 3, 4]
 [3, 4, 5]
 */