hibernate对象之间存在继承关系,该如何映射呢?有3中方式,反映在数据库表上:
Single table:Student和Teacher类的父类是Person类,用一张数据库表反应3个类的所有信息。这样设计的缺点是:表的信息反映了所有类的属性,造成大量的数据冗余。
Table per class:为每个类设计一张表,其缺点是:
Joined:用一张表存共有的字段,而其子类对应的表存其特有字段。优缺点:查询能提高效率,然而需要作表连接,当添加新的子类时,需要添加新的表。
Annotation:
⑴sigle_table:
package com.xie.hibernate.modal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorColumn;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorType;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.MapKey;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.Name;
@Entity
//指定继承映射的策略
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE)
//在数据库表中加上一个字段,用以区分是哪个子类,name表示表的字段名字,discriminatorType
//表示name字段的数据类型
@DiscriminatorColumn(name="dis",discriminatorType=DiscriminatorType.STRING)
//指定这个类存到数据库中用什么区分,value表明dis的值
@DiscriminatorValue(value="person")
public class Person {
private int id;
private String name;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
package com.xie.hibernate.modal;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("student")
public class Student extends Person {
private int score;
public int getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(int score) {
this.score = score;
}
}
package com.xie.hibernate.modal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.MapKey;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("teacher")
public class Teacher extends Person{
private String title;
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
}
⑵table_per_class:
package com.xie.hibernate.modal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorColumn;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorType;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.MapKey;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.TableGenerator;
import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.Name;
@Entity
//指定继承映射的策略
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)
@TableGenerator(
name="k_gen",
table="key_table",
pkColumnName="p_key",
pkColumnValue="p_value",
initialValue=1,
allocationSize=1
)
public class Person {
private int id;
private String name;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator="k_gen",strategy=GenerationType.TABLE)
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
package com.xie.hibernate.modal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.MapKey;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
public class Teacher extends Person{
private String title;
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
}
⑶joined:
package com.xie.hibernate.modal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorColumn;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorType;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.MapKey;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.TableGenerator;
import com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.Name;
@Entity
//指定继承映射的策略
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.JOINED)
public class Person {
private int id;
private String name;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
package com.xie.hibernate.modal;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
public class Student extends Person {
private int score;
public int getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(int score) {
this.score = score;
}
}
package com.xie.hibernate.modal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.MapKey;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
public class Teacher extends Person{
private String title;
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
}