Head First Python（处理复杂性）

从CSV格式文件中抽取数据

row_data = {}

with open('PaceData.csv') as paces:

    column_headings = paces.readline().strip().split(',')
    column_headings.pop(0)

    for each_line in paces:
        row = each_line.strip().split(',')
        row_label = row.pop(0)
        row_data[row_label] = row

num_cols = len(column_headings)
print(num_cols, end=' -> ')
print(column_headings)

num_2mi = len(row_data['2mi'])
print(num_2mi, end=' -> ')
print(row_data['2mi'])

num_Marathon = len(row_data['Marathon'])
print(num_Marathon, end=' -> ')
print(row_data['Marathon'])

将各个时间存储为字典

row_data = {}

with open('PaceData.csv') as paces:

    column_headings = paces.readline().strip().split(',')
    column_headings.pop(0)

    for each_line in paces:
        row = each_line.strip().split(',')
        row_label = row.pop(0)
        inner_dict = {}
        for i in range(len(column_headings)):
            inner_dict[row[i]] = column_headings[i]  #将列标题与行中的时间值关联
        row_data[row_label] = inner_dict  #填充字典后，将其赋至“row_data”中相应行标签。

得到用户输入

input()BIF可以在屏幕上显示一个提示语，然后接收键盘输入，并把输入的内容作为一个字符串返回给代码。

distance_run = input('Enter the distance attempted: ')
recorded_time = input('Enter the recorded time: ')
predicted_distance = input('Enter the distance you want a prediction for: ')

获取输入会产生一个问题，输入的时间值在表格的两个值之间无法找到

搜索最接近的匹配

def find_closest(look_for, target_data):

    def whats_the_difference(first, second):  #嵌套函数
        if first == second:
            return(0)
        elif first > second:
            return(first - second)
        else:
            return(second - first)

    max_diff = 9999999
    for each_thing in target_data:
        diff = whats_the_difference(each_thing, look_for)
        if diff == 0:
            found_it = each_thing
            break
        elif diff < max_diff:
            max_diff = diff
            found_it = each_thing
    return(found_it)

时间有问题

CSV中的值都是字符串，find_closest()函数处理的是数字，导致混乱。

时间-秒转换模块

import time

def format_time(time_string):  #确保所有时间都采用“HH:MM:SS"格式。
    tlen = len(time_string)
    if tlen < 3:
        original_format = '%S'       
    elif tlen < 6:
        original_format = '%M:%S'
    else:
        original_format = '%H:%M:%S'
    time_string = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S', time.strptime(time_string, original_format))
    return(time_string)

def time2secs(time_string): #给定一个”时间字符串“，转换为一个秒数值
    time_string = format_time(time_string)
    (hours, mins, secs) = time_string.split(':')
    seconds = int(secs) + (int(mins)*60) + (int(hours)*60*60)
    return(seconds)

def secs2time(seconds):  #将一个秒数值转换为”时间字符串“
    return(time.strftime('%H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(seconds)))

定义一个新函数，它取两个参数，要查找的时间和所搜索的时间列表，把最接近的时间作为一个字符串返回：

from find_it import find_closest
from tm2secs2tm import time2secs, secs2time

def find_nearest_time(look_for, target_data):
    what = time2secs(look_for)
    where = [time2secs(t) for t in target_data]
    res = find_closest(what, where)
    return(secs2time(res))

时间还有问题

导入”format_time()“函数，确保时间字符串采用HH:MM:SS格式

from find_it import find_closest
from tm2secs2tm import time2secs, secs2time, format_time

def find_nearest_time(look_for, target_data):
    what = time2secs(look_for)
    where = [time2secs(t) for t in target_data]
    res = find_closest(what, where)
    return(secs2time(res))

row_data = {}

with open('PaceData.csv') as paces:

    column_headings = paces.readline().strip().split(',')
    column_headings.pop(0)

    for each_line in paces:
        row = each_line.strip().split(',')
        row_label = row.pop(0)
        inner_dict = {}
        for i in range(len(column_headings)):
            inner_dict[format_time(row[i])] = column_headings[i]
        row_data[row_label] = inner_dict

distance_run = input('Enter the distance attempted: ')
recorded_time = input('Enter the recorded time: ')
predicted_distance = input('Enter the distance you want a prediction for: ')

closest_time = find_nearest_time(format_time(recorded_time), row_data[distance_run])
closest_column_heading = row_data[distance_run][closest_time]

prediction = [k for k in row_data[predicted_distance].keys()
                  if row_data[predicted_distance][k] == closest_column_heading]

print('The predicted time running ' + predicted_distance + ' is: ' + prediction[0] + '.')

移植到android

设计一堆对话框

import time
import android
from find_it import find_closest
from tm2secs2tm import time2secs, secs2time, format_time  #完成导入

def find_nearest_time(look_for, target_data):  #包含”find_nearest()“函数
    what = time2secs(look_for)
    where = [time2secs(t) for t in target_data]
    res = find_closest(what, where)
    return(secs2time(res))

distances = [ '2mi', '5k', '5mi', '10k', '15k', '10mi', '20k',  #声明常量
                '13.1mi', '25k', '30k', 'Marathon' ] 
hello_msg = "Welcome to the Marathon Club's App"
quit_msg = "Quitting the Marathon Club's App."

row_data = {}

with open('/sdcard/sl4a/scripts/PaceData.csv') as paces:  #打开一个特定文件夹，得到并预处理CVS数据
    column_headings = paces.readline().strip().split(',')
    column_headings.pop(0)
    for each_line in paces:
        row = each_line.strip().split(',')
        row_label = row.pop(0)
        inner_dict = {}
        for i in range(len(column_headings)):
            inner_dict[format_time(row[i])] = column_headings[i]
        row_data[row_label] = inner_dict

app = android.Android()  #创建android应用对象，并包含你的辅助函数

def status_update(msg, how_long=2):
    app.makeToast(msg)
    time.sleep(how_long)

def do_dialog(title, data, func, ok='Select', notok='Quit'):
    app.dialogCreateAlert(title)
    func(data)
    app.dialogSetPositiveButtonText(ok)
    if notok:
        app.dialogSetNegativeButtonText(notok)
    app.dialogShow()
    return(app.dialogGetResponse().result)

status_update(hello_msg)

resp = do_dialog("Pick a distance", distances, app.dialogSetSingleChoiceItems)   #向用户显示用户界面，并交互处理
if resp['which'] in ('positive'):
    distance_run = app.dialogGetSelectedItems().result[0]
    distance_run = distances[distance_run]
    recorded_time = app.dialogGetInput("Enter a " + distance_run + " time:",
                                           "Use HH:MM:SS format:").result
    closest_time = find_nearest_time(format_time(recorded_time), row_data[distance_run])
    closest_column_heading = row_data[distance_run][closest_time]
    resp = do_dialog("Pick a distance to predict", distances, app.dialogSetSingleChoiceItems)
    if resp['which'] in ('positive'):
        predicted_distance = app.dialogGetSelectedItems().result[0]
        predicted_distance = distances[predicted_distance]
        prediction = [k for k in row_data[predicted_distance].keys()
                          if row_data[predicted_distance][k] == closest_column_heading]
        do_dialog('The predicted time running ' + predicted_distance + ' is: ',
                             prediction, app.dialogSetItems, "OK", None)

status_update(quit_msg)