netlink编程示例

NETLINK 简介：

               Netlink套接字是用以实现用户进程与内核进程通信的一种特殊的进程间通信(IPC) ,也是网络应用程序与内核通信的最常用的接口。

               Netlink套接字可以使用标准的套接字APIs来创建。socket(), bind(), sendmsg(), recvmsg() 和 close()很容易地应用到 netlink socket。

               netlink包含于头文件linux/netlink.h中.

 

 

代码示例：

net_link.c
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <net/sock.h>
#include <net/netlink.h>
#define NETLINK_TEST 21
struct sock *nl_sk = NULL;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nl_sk);
void nl_data_ready (struct sk_buff *__skb)
{
	struct sk_buff *skb;
	struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
	u32 pid;
	int rc;
	int len = NLMSG_SPACE(1200);
	char str[100];
	printk("net_link: data is ready to read.\n");
	skb = skb_get(__skb);
	if (skb->len >= NLMSG_SPACE(0)) {
		nlh = nlmsg_hdr(skb);
		printk("net_link: recv %s.\n", (char *)NLMSG_DATA(nlh));
		memcpy(str,NLMSG_DATA(nlh), sizeof(str));
		pid = nlh->nlmsg_pid; /*pid of sending process */
		printk("net_link: pid is %d\n", pid);
		kfree_skb(skb);
		skb = alloc_skb(len, GFP_ATOMIC);
		if (!skb){
			printk(KERN_ERR "net_link: allocate failed.\n");
			return;
		}
		nlh = nlmsg_put(skb,0,0,0,1200,0);
		NETLINK_CB(skb).pid = 0; /* from kernel */
		memcpy(NLMSG_DATA(nlh), str, sizeof(str));
		printk("net_link: going to send.\n");
		rc = netlink_unicast(nl_sk, skb, pid, MSG_DONTWAIT);
		if (rc < 0) {
			printk(KERN_ERR "net_link: can not unicast skb (%d)\n", rc);
		}
		printk("net_link: send is ok.\n");
	}
	return;
}
static int test_netlink(void) {
	nl_sk = netlink_kernel_create(&init_net, NETLINK_TEST, 0, nl_data_ready, NULL, THIS_MODULE);
	if (!nl_sk) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "net_link: Cannot create netlink socket.\n");
		return -EIO;
	}
	printk("net_link: create socket ok.\n");
	return 0;
}
int init_module()
{
	test_netlink();
	return 0;
}
void cleanup_module( )
{
	if (nl_sk != NULL){
		sock_release(nl_sk->sk_socket);
	}
	printk("net_link: remove ok.\n");
}
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("kidoln");
 
 
Makefile:
MODULE_NAME :=net_link
obj-m :=$(MODULE_NAME).o
KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)
all:
    $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD)
    gcc -o sender sender.c
clean:
    rm -fr *.ko *.o *.cmd sender $(MODULE_NAME).mod.c

用户态，发送端：

sender.c
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <asm/types.h>
#include <linux/netlink.h>
#include <linux/socket.h>
#define MAX_PAYLOAD 1024 /* maximum payload size*/
struct sockaddr_nl src_addr, dest_addr;
struct nlmsghdr *nlh = NULL;
struct iovec iov;
int sock_fd;
struct msghdr msg;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    sock_fd = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, 21);
    memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
    memset(&src_addr, 0, sizeof(src_addr));
    src_addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
    src_addr.nl_pid = getpid(); /* self pid */
    src_addr.nl_groups = 0; /* not in mcast groups */
    bind(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&src_addr, sizeof(src_addr));
    memset(&dest_addr, 0, sizeof(dest_addr));
    dest_addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
    dest_addr.nl_pid = 0; /* For Linux Kernel */
    dest_addr.nl_groups = 0; /* unicast */
    nlh=(struct nlmsghdr *)malloc(NLMSG_SPACE(MAX_PAYLOAD));
       /* Fill the netlink message header */
    nlh->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_SPACE(MAX_PAYLOAD);
    nlh->nlmsg_pid = getpid(); /* self pid */
    nlh->nlmsg_flags = 0;
      /* Fill in the netlink message payload */
    strcpy(NLMSG_DATA(nlh), "Hello you!");
    iov.iov_base = (void *)nlh;
    iov.iov_len = nlh->nlmsg_len;
    msg.msg_name = (void *)&dest_addr;
    msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(dest_addr);
    msg.msg_iov = &iov;
    msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
    printf(" Sending message. ...\n");
    sendmsg(sock_fd, &msg, 0);
      /* Read message from kernel */
    memset(nlh, 0, NLMSG_SPACE(MAX_PAYLOAD));
    printf(" Waiting message. ...\n");
    recvmsg(sock_fd, &msg, 0);
    printf(" Received message payload: %s\n",NLMSG_DATA(nlh));
      /* Close Netlink Socket */
    close(sock_fd);
}