URLRequest 的一个实例

 

URLRequest 的一个实例

view plain copy to clipboard print ?

1. // Create the request.  
2. //所构建的NSURLRequest具有一个依赖于缓存响应的特定策略，cachePolicy取得策略，timeoutInterval取得超时值  
3. NSURLRequest *theRequest=[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.apple.com/"]  
4.                         cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy  
5.                     timeoutInterval:60.0];  
6. // create the connection with the request  
7. // and start loading the data  
8. NSURLConnection *theConnection=[[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:theRequest delegate:self];  
9. if (theConnection) {  
10.     // Create the NSMutableData to hold the received data.  
11.     // receivedData is an instance variable declared elsewhere.  
12.     receivedData = [[NSMutableData data] retain];  
13. } else {  
14.     // Inform the user that the connection failed.  
15. }  

// Create the request. //所构建的NSURLRequest具有一个依赖于缓存响应的特定策略，cachePolicy取得策略，timeoutInterval取得超时值 NSURLRequest *theRequest=[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.apple.com/"] cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:60.0]; // create the connection with the request // and start loading the data NSURLConnection *theConnection=[[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:theRequest delegate:self]; if (theConnection) { // Create the NSMutableData to hold the received data. // receivedData is an instance variable declared elsewhere. receivedData = [[NSMutableData data] retain]; } else { // Inform the user that the connection failed. }

其中：

NSURLRequest默认的cache policy是 NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy， 是最能保持一致性的协议。

NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringCacheData 忽略缓存直接从原始地址下载

NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataElseLoad 只有在cache中不存在data时才从原始地址下载

NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataDontLoad 允许app确定是否要返回cache数据，如果使用这种协议当本地不存在response的时候，创建NSURLConnection or NSURLDownload实例时将会马上返回nil；这类似于离线模式，没有建立网络连接；

你只需要实现以下delegate方法来处理数据响应

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection*)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSHTTPURLResponse*)response

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection*)connection didReceiveData:(NSData*)data

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection*)connection didFailWithError:(NSError*)error

- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection

NSURLConnect还提供了一个方便的类方法(class method) : sendSynchronousRequest:returningResponse:error:可用来 同步地加载一个URL请求

+ (NSData *)sendSynchronousRequest:    (NSURLRequest *)request      returningResponse:   (NSURLResponse **)response    error:  (NSError **)error

• request 要装载的URL请求. 这个request 对象 作为初始化进程的一部分,被深度复制(deep-copied). 在这个方法返回之后, 再修改request, 将不会影响用在装载的过程中的request
• reponse 输出参数, 由服务器返回的URL响应
• error   输出参数, 如果在处理请求的过程中发生错误,就会使用.  无错误,就为NULL

一个实现异步get请求的例子：

view plain copy to clipboard print ?

1. NSString *url = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://localhost/chat/messages.php?past=%ld&t=%ld",  
2.                      lastId, time(0) ];  
3.       
4.     NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init] autorelease];  
5.     [request setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]];  
6.     [request setHTTPMethod:@"GET"];  
7.   
8.     NSURLConnection *conn=[[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:request delegate:self];    
9.     if (conn)  
10.     {    
11.         receivedData = [[NSMutableData data] retain];    
12.     }     
13.     else     
14.     {    
15.     }   
16.   
17.   
18. - (void)timerCallback {  
19.     //[timer release];   
20.     [self getNewMessages];  
21. }  
22.   
23. - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response    
24. {    
25.     [receivedData setLength:0];    
26. }    
27.   
28. - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data    
29. {    
30.     [receivedData appendData:data];    
31. }    
32.   
33. - (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection    
34. {    
35.     if (chatParser)  
36.         [chatParser release];  
37.       
38.     if ( messages == nil )  
39.         messages = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];  
40.   
41.     chatParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:receivedData];  
42.     [chatParser setDelegate:self];//set the delegate  
43.     [chatParser parse];//start parse  
44.   
45.     [receivedData release];    
46.       
47.     [messageList reloadData];  
48.       
49.     NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:  
50.                                     [self methodSignatureForSelector: @selector(timerCallback)]];  
51.     [invocation setTarget:self];  
52.     [invocation setSelector:@selector(timerCallback)];  
53.     //timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:5.0 invocation:invocation repeats:NO];  
54.     [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:5.0 invocation:invocation repeats:NO];//if set yes,then very 5 seconds updata the table  
55. }   

NSString *url = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://localhost/chat/messages.php?past=%ld&t=%ld", lastId, time(0) ]; NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init] autorelease]; [request setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]]; [request setHTTPMethod:@"GET"]; NSURLConnection *conn=[[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:request delegate:self]; if (conn) { receivedData = [[NSMutableData data] retain]; } else { } - (void)timerCallback { //[timer release]; [self getNewMessages]; } - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response { [receivedData setLength:0]; } - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data { [receivedData appendData:data]; } - (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection { if (chatParser) [chatParser release]; if ( messages == nil ) messages = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; chatParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:receivedData]; [chatParser setDelegate:self];//set the delegate [chatParser parse];//start parse [receivedData release]; [messageList reloadData]; NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature: [self methodSignatureForSelector: @selector(timerCallback)]]; [invocation setTarget:self]; [invocation setSelector:@selector(timerCallback)]; //timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:5.0 invocation:invocation repeats:NO]; [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:5.0 invocation:invocation repeats:NO];//if set yes,then very 5 seconds updata the table }

一个实现同步Get请求的例子：

view plain copy to clipboard print ?

1. // 初始化请求  
2. NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init];           
3. // 设置URL  
4. [request setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlStr]];  
5. // 设置HTTP方法  
6. [request setHTTPMethod:@"GET"];  
7. // 发 送同步请求, 这里得returnData就是返回得数据了  
8. NSData *returnData = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request   
9.                                            returningResponse:nil error:nil];   
10. // 释放对象  
11. [request release];  

// 初始化请求 NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init]; // 设置URL [request setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlStr]]; // 设置HTTP方法 [request setHTTPMethod:@"GET"]; // 发 送同步请求, 这里得returnData就是返回得数据了 NSData *returnData = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:nil error:nil]; // 释放对象 [request release];

更多详细信息请参见苹果开发文档：

http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/URLLoadingSystem/Tasks/UsingNSURLConnection.html