大作文

结构

To what extent do you think this is a positive or negative …

• 立场3-7开

1️⃣背景句：As technology is advancing by leaps and bounds, the way people live and work has undergo a noticeable and far-reaching transformation. 2️⃣话题句：Under this circumstance，an absolute consencus can hardly be reached whether it is a blessing or a curse for them to perform their daily routines through the internet without face-to-face communication.3️⃣观点句：For my part，I side with opponents（反对） to a large extent.
4️⃣让步段（写一个反面论点）：It has to be admitted that … impose positive/negative influences on…To be specific，论点1
5️⃣正面论点：However，much heavier weight should be attached to 名词（the benefits brought about by this practice / phenomenon）/ the fact that 句子 . For one thing 论点2
6️⃣正面论点：For another，论点3
7️⃣结尾：In light of the analysis mentioned above，I am convinced that 总结观点

• 立场5-5开
  4️⃣：no one can conceal the fact that 显而易见的是
  for one thing / for another
  5️⃣：However，the same weight should be attached to 名词 / the fact that 句子
  To be specific / in addition

Discuss both sides and give your own opinion

3️⃣观点句：
I will make an objective analysis of this argument in my following essay.
In this essay, I aim to discuss both sides of the problem and put up my own opinion.
4️⃣Some people harbor the belief that … / On one hand, advocates of
For one thing，… For another…
To begin with, / Besides this，…
5️⃣However，others maintain that… / On the other hand, opponents of
To be specific / in addition
First and foremost, / In addition,

• 3-7结尾（60-70字）

From my own perspective，I side with the stance of the former/the latter to a large extent，believing that … 观点+立场+解释

• 5-5结尾（60-70字）

From my own perspective，-- and – do not fall into a conflict，which should go hand in hand with each other ，—观点+立场+解释

+In fact，the perfect combination of both is the most desirable mode of —

原因类（report）

2️⃣话题句：under this circumstance，the fact that — has been thrown into sharp focus.3️⃣引出下文：Hence，it is imperative that we should analyze possible reasons giving rise to this phenomenon objectively and figure out

• 原因措施类：effective remedies.
• 原因影响类：potential effects
• 原因观点类：its boons as well as banes（利弊）

4️⃣From my own perspective，the cause of this phenomenon are manifold（多元化）+ 两个理由
5️⃣结尾：两个措施：To crack this hard nut，some effective and feasible measures should be adopted without any delay. To illustrate（具体来说），— only in this ways can the sustainable development of the environment be achieved in a long run

词伙

通用

excessive 过多的
immensely 及其
people in increasing number 越来越多
because humans are after all sociable creatures 毕竟是–
so that = ，which leads to the fact that
give rise to（导致）
in a time-saving way / less time-consuming way
place great emphasis on 重视
amazing / astonishing 褒义/贬义
address 解决

（结尾可用）
just as an old saying goes +
there is no rose without any thorns事情都有两面性，谁也不例外
fire is a good servant，but a bad master 不能过度依赖（科技）

• Just as an old saying goes，there is no rose without thorns, when people enjoy the benefits triggered by cyber communication，they should endeavor to diminish the drawbacks to the least extent. After all，fire is a good servant，but a bad master.

• ，which is the least thing we would expect to see 缺点收尾套句

• by publicity and education 措施收尾套句

• the importance of — in — can never be exaggerated —很重要

information

enrich one’s knowledge ； broaden one’s horizon
go for the further study 深造
keep in line with the times 与时俱进
lifelong study 终身学习
indecent information 不良信息
violence and pornography 色情和暴力
distinguish right from wrong 分辨是非
go astray 误入歧途
juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪
mass media 大众传媒

好处：

• it is universally acknowledged that 众所周知
• do a great job in / be extremely effective in 有助于
  （it is universally acknowledged that the extensive application of computer is extremely effective in enriching people’s knowledge and broadening their horizon）
• for the reason that = on the ground that 因为
• gain swift and convenient access to 快速方便接触到
  （for the reason that they can gain swift and convenient access to the latest information and advanced knowledge through the internet）
• be characterized by 以-- 为特点
• it goes beyound any doubt that / undoubtedly 毫无疑问
  （it goes beyond any doubt that the information age is characterized by the acceleration of knowledge updating）
• not to mention that 更不用说
  （not to mention that computer can make the dream of lifelong study not difficult to achieve）
• be flooded with 充斥
• be equipped with = have 拥有

坏处

• be inclined to do 倾向于
  （if the teenagers are not equipped with enough ability to distinguish right from wrong，they will be inclined to go astray，and even head for crimes）
• can be in large measure attributed to + 名词 / to the fact that + 句子 很大程度上归因于
  （The juvenile delinquency can be in large measure attributed to excessive indecent information on mass media）
  （The juvenile delinquency can be in large measure attributed to the fact that the mass media are flooded with indecent information）

leisure

ever-accelerate living tempo 不断加快的生活节奏
fierce competition 激烈竞争
channel and platform 渠道和平台
museums and galleries
exhausting work 疲劳工作
enthusiasm and initiative 积极性
radiation 辐射
near-sightedness 近视
sedentary life 久坐的生活
higher incident 高发率
be addicted to virtual world 沉溺与虚拟世界
be isolated from real society 隔离
psychological problems 心理问题
sociable creatures 社交动物

好处：
（With the ever-accelerated living tempo and fierce competition，people in increasing number are inclined to have a busy schedule and lead a stressful life）
（it goes beyond any doubt that museums and galleries provide people with an ideal channel and platform for leisure and relaxation）
（after the whole day’s exhausting work，people can appreciate elaborate artworks in these places，which will relieve the pressure，lighten up the mood，refresh the spirit）

• throw oneself into 全身心投入
  （in this cases，people will throw themselves into new challenges with more enthusiasm and initiative）
  缺点：
• pose a potential / serious / fatal threat to 对-- 构成威胁
• overindulgence in 过度沉溺与–（名词）
  （it has to be admitted that overindulgence in the internet will pose a potential threat to people‘s physical and mental health）
  （Under the influence of computers，people are inclined to have a sedentary life which leads to higher incident of many diseases due to the lack of enough exercise（不可数））
  （in this cases，people will suffer from psychological problems because humans are after all sociable creatures who need face-to-face communication regularly）

work

enhance eork efficiency 加快工作效率
save labor force 节省劳动力
aging society 老龄化社会
labor shortage 劳动力短缺
boring and monotonous 单调
tele-commuting 在家办公
disaster rescure
give rise to（导致）some degree of unemployment
raise fiscal burden 财政负担
social security system 社保
limit budget 预算有限
perfect accomplishment 完美完成
other equally pressing tasks 紧急的任务
fall into a benign / vicious circle 良性/恶性循环

好处：
（the wide application of machines in work is extremely effective in saving labor force ，which can relieve the stress of labor shortage brought by the aging society）
-spare sb from sth 让–从--中解放出来

• dedicate – to – 致力于
  （so that they can dedicate their precious time and energy to something more meaningful and challengeable）
• ** diminish – to the least extent 把–减到最低**
  （people should try their best to diminish the drawbacks to the least extent when they enjoy the benefit brought by the development of technology）

缺点：
（it goes beyond any doubt that unemployed people will raise fiscal burden of the government because it has to invest more money into the social security system with the aim to ensure their fundamental demand of people，otherwise the crime rate will rise）
（due to the limit budget，if the government focuses on one aspect excessively，the fulfillment of other equally pressing tasks will suffer a negative influence）
（In the long run，the operation of government is more likely fall into a vicious circle）

communication

break through geographical barrier 打破地理障碍
broaden the circle of friend immensely 极大的扩张
different races ，religions and cultures

• an absolute blessing / curse 绝对的好事/坏事
  disadvantaged group 弱势群体
  instant 快速的
  fast-paced lifestyle 快速的生活方式
• be characteristic by 以什么为特点
  shopping / banking
  click the mouse
  take better care of one’s daily routines
• lose sight of 忽视
  social alienation 隔离感
  cyber crime 网络犯罪
  fraud 诈骗 finacial loss
  hackers 黑客
  expertise 专业知识 ； steal confidential information 机密信息 ； violate individual privacy 侵犯个人隐私
  endless annoyance and disturbance

好处：
（if the government plays a leading role in the operation of the hospital，the medical expense will stay at a reasonable level which is an absolute blessing for most of the ordinary people especially the disadvantage group）
（the internet communication is characteristic by instant nature，which means it can satisfy the demand of people’s fast-paced lifestyle in a time-saving way / less time-consuming way）
（In modern society，people start to place greater emphasis on the Internet security because the individual privacy has already occupied the first position）
坏处：
（overindulgence in the Internet communication will let people lose their sight of the feeling of friends and family members around them）

environment

ecosystem 生态系统
deteriorate 恶化 get from bad to worse
thorny problems 棘手问题
global warming & fuel crisis
participation 参与
properly 妥善
mutual share 共享
pursue economic benefits at the expense of the environment追求经济效益
discharge sewage 排放污水

• give a fatal blow to 给予致命一击
  the survival of marine lives 海洋生物的生存
• have every right to 天经地义
  个人：
  be intimately bound up with 密不可分
  a wonderful living space
• make due contribution to 做出应有的贡献
  ecological preservation 环保
  plastic bags
  decompose 分解
  detriment 危害
  ever-lasting 永久的
  never litter everywhere 不乱扔垃圾
  rubbish sorting system 垃圾分类回收系统
  individual efforts seem minor，but many a little makes a mickle 积少成多
• all the parties involved 参与的各方
  make joint efforts 齐心协力
  common home 共同家园
  offspring 后代

现象：（It is universally acknowledged that the ecosystem of the earth is deteriorating at an astonishing rate，which leads to the fact that some thorny problems have gone far beyond the strength of companies and individuals）
（It is universally acknowledged that the ecosystem is under an astonishing deteriorate，which leads to the fact that some thorny problems are already beyond the power of companies and individuals）
政府：
（therefore，the participation of the government will do a great job in addressing these problems more effectively，efficiently and properly because it can achieve the mutual share of information，technology，fund and resources）
公司：
（It goes beyond any doubt that companies have every right to make more profits but they should take the social responsibilities at the same time）（therefore they have the obligation（义务） to participate in various of activities of environmental protection）
个人：
To be specific，people should reduce excessive reliance on the private car and turn to public transportation）
（when people are shopping，they should be encouraged to using cloth or paper bags instead of plastic ones because the latter one can hardly be decomposed in the soil so that the detriment to the environment could be ever-lasting）
（only when all the parties involved make joint efforts to beautify their common home，can the sustainable development of the environment be achieved，not only for themselves but also for their offspring）

transportation

1. traffic congestion 交通拥挤
   commuting hours 上下班高峰期
   consume people a large amount of time and energy
   should have done
   which should have been dedicated to more significant tasks
   hinde / hamper / impede 阻碍
   坏处：
   （At the same time，it will hinder the bloom of economy because every industry is intimately bound up with the transportation）
   措施：1.reduce the excessive dependence on private cars 2. Perfect road system e.g. flyover 高架 overpass 天桥 bus-on lane 公交专线 3. Advocate the practice of car pool 拼车
2. accidents

• deprive sb of sth 剥夺
  high-rise buildings 高楼大厦
  heavy fine to
  crack down to 严重打击

坏处：
（countless high-rise buildings and busy transport have already deprived children of the opportunity to touch the nature）
措施：
措施：1.enhance overall awareness of the public towards ____ by publicity and education（套句）2.宣传：issue laws and regulations to give heavy fine to
（some laws and regulations should be issued with the aim to crack down on the behaviors that are harmful to the environment）

3. excessive exhaust emission 尾气排放
   degree air quality
   give rise of higher incidence of many diseases
   carbon dioxide
   greenhouse effect & global warming
   filter and purify 过滤和净化

• take advantage of利用

现象：
（The recent investigation conducted by China Daily shows that the sea level has already risen by 20cm in the past 20 years due to the melting of ice glaciers brought about by global warming）
（The subsequent horrible consequences has already been described by many Hollywood blockbusters，which can be completely regard as the ecological catastrophe）
措施：
（The car manufacturers are using advanced technology to filter and purify the exhaust emission with the aim to reach a higher standards of ecological preservation）
purchase low-emission vehicles

4. fossil crisis 能源
   fossil fuels 化石燃料
   a temporary means
   deplete 耗尽

现象：
（The restriction of using cars and airplanes is only a temporary means because the non-renewable resources are depleted sooner or later）
措施：
explore alternative energy
eco-friendly ； renewable
permanent approach 长久之计
solar power 太阳能

education

1. what to study

• general knowledge 通才知识
  overall development
  nurture / cultivate 培养 sb into
  comprehensive talents 通才
  backbone 栋梁
• grasp / master 掌握
  extensive interests 广泛的兴趣
  eager for study 求知欲
  driving force 动力

好处：
（mastering general knowledge better is extremely effective in cultivating students into comprehensive talents who are the backbone of the social advancement）
（Allowing students to choose their preferred subjects can stimulate their eager for study because interest is the greatest driving force to improve the academic performance）

2. 体育
   teamwork spirit 团队精神
   cooperate and negotiate

• be of paramount importance in 具有至关重要的作用
  compitition awareness 竞争意识
• be confronted with 面对
  rat race 激烈竞争
  critical and independent 批判和独立
  make sound judgement 明智的判断

好处：
（teamwork spirit cultivated by sports can teach students how to cooperate and negotiate with others，which is of paramount importance in increasingly culturally-diverse workplace）
（With the help of education，students are equipped with critical and independent thinking abilities which can help them to do a better choice in the years to come when they are confronted with complicated situations）

3. 音乐
   improve all-round quality
   stimulate their imagination and creativity

• specialized skills = expertise 专业技能
• an extremely demanding job 最难的事情
  have a better grasp of 更好的掌握
  have a clear picture of 更清楚的了解
  sharpen the competitiveness 增强竞争力

好处：
（If the government pay more attention to higher education，all-round qualities of the whole nation will be improved immensely which does a great job in building a civilized society undoubtedly）
（for those graduates without strong expertise，it is an extremely demanding job to find ideal job in a highly competitive society）

4. moral value
   immature and naive 不成熟
   social evils 社会不良风气
   indecent information
   self-control / self-discipline 自控自律
   are addicted to 沉溺
   self-control / self-discipline 自控自律
   follow their peers and idols blindly
   set up negative role models 榜样
   go astray and head for crimes 误入歧途走向犯罪
   lead — on the right track 引上正轨
   lifelong mental mentor 精神导师
   interpersonal skills 交际能力
   organizing abilities

• lay a solid foundation for 打下坚实的基础
• pave the way for 做好充分的准备
• an integral supplement 不可缺少的

现象：
（it has to be admitted that most of the teenagers are characterized by immature and naive nature， which means they are not equipped with enough ability to distinguish right from wrong）
（therefore，they are inclined to be misguided by social evils and indecent information）
（Due to the lack of the self-control and self-discipline abilities，many students are addicted in indecent behaviors like internet games，which will exert negative influence on their schooling）

措施：
（The school has the obligation to lead students on the right track because the primary purpose of education is to cultivate students into law-abiding citizens）
good（More importantly，they should also have the sense of social responsibility so that they can make due contribution to the society in the years to come）
The hands-on experience that students get from part-time jobs will lay a solid foundation for them to enter the society in future.）
an integral supplement 不可缺少的
（In terms of moral values，social experience and good manners，parents play a more important role(serve a more crucial function in)，therefore family upbringing is an integral supplement to the school education.）

5. how to study
   idea exchange and clash 思维的交换碰撞
   stimulate their imagination and creativity 培养想象力创造力
   break the mould 打破常规思维
   information overload
   generalize / emphasize 归纳，强调
   tap their potential to a larger extent 激发潜能

措施：
（Teachers can help students to generalize key points and emphasize core knowledge，which will improve their learning efficiency in a less time-consuming way）